RU1818019C - Method for chemical decontamination of soil substitutes - Google Patents

Abstract

Scope: agriculture, in the field of industrial hydroponics. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a substitute before treatment with formalin is further disinfected with 1% ammonia water for 1-3 days, and treatment with formalin is carried out in a 1% concentration. 1 wp 4 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in industrial hydroponics.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of chemical disinfection of substitutes, increase the yield of vegetable crops.

The method is carried out as follows.

Example 1. In vegetation vessels, the soil substitute (crushed granite), infected with spores of the fungus pathogens and root rot of tomato, is decontaminated sequentially with a 1% solution of ammonia water and then with a freshly prepared 1% solution of formalin.

A substitute contaminated with spores of the pathogen fungi and root rot is disinfected sequentially with a 1% solution of ammonia water and then with a freshly prepared 0.5% formalin solution.

A substitute contaminated with spores of the pathogen fungi and root rot is disinfected

sequentially with a 0.5% solution of ammonia water and then with a freshly prepared 1% solution of formalin.

The duration of treatments for all experimental variants is the same: with ammonia water solutions - I day, formalin - 2 days. Substitute disinfection is also carried out separately by each chemical reagent in 1% concentrations. In control vessels, the substitute is treated with tap water.

Tomato seedlings of Ukrainets variety are grown on a disinfected soil substitute.

The effect of treatment of the substitute with drugs in various combinations of concentrations and each reagent separately on the population of the root zone of seedlings by Fusarium and root rot damage is shown in Table 1. The data in the table indicate that the optimal concentrations for sequential treatment of the substitute are 1% ammonia water solution and 1% aqueous formalin solution. In this case, an additional 500

00

about y

a negative effect compared with the use of reagents separately, each in a 1% concentration, which is manifested in a decrease in propagation of pathogens in the root zone by 3.7-4.9 times and in the absence of root rot.

Example 2. Under industrial conditions, granite crushed stone was disinfected for many years, heavily infected with a gall nematode and a complex of pathogens. Disinfection is carried out sequentially with ammonia water and formalin at 1% concentrations. Processing time) with each reagent - three days. As a control, a 0.2% potassium hydroxide solution is used, the prototype is a 2% formalin solution. Solutions are prepared in a plant feed tank and automatically fed until the bed substitute is completely flooded. The duration of flooding is 1-2 hours, then the solution flows back into the tank, followed by feeding into the soil substitute. After the disinfection is complete, the spent solution is removed, the substitute is washed with water.

A culture of tomato and cucumber is grown on a disinfected soil substitute.

The results of the processing are presented in table.2-4.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed method for disinfecting soil substitutes reduces the damage of plants by the gall nematode by 54 times and provides tomato protection against pests by 98.5% (Table 2).

The data in Table 3 indicate the high efficiency of the proposed method against Fusarium and askochitotic decay of cucumber. The number of plants that have fallen from diseases is reduced by 3 times, the biological effectiveness of the method is 68.3%. The yield of vegetable crops is increased by 6.0-7.5% (Table 4).

Claims (2)

1. A method for chemical disinfection of a soil substitute, comprising treating it with formalin followed by washing with water, characterized in that prior to the formalin treatment, the soil substitute is further disinfected with 1% ammonia water for 1-3 days. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formalin treatment is carried out in a 1% concentration. The effectiveness of methods of disinfecting the substitute against fusarium stains and root rot of tomato Table 1 Biological efficacy of disinfectant disinfection methods against gall nematodes The effectiveness of the proposed method of disinfecting the substitute against fusarium and ascogycetic rot of cucumber. The effect of methods of disinfecting the substitute on the productivity of tomato and cucumber table 2 Table 3 Table A