RU1813727C - Apparatus for purification of oily wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: wastewater treatment contaminated with oil products. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Purified wastewater containing petroleum products enters the electroflotation chamber 2, where electrolysis gas bubbles form on the segment cathode 4. Opening the valve 15 contributes to a sharp decrease in pressure and an increase in the flotation effect. Foam is removed from the surface of the water by means of a reflector 11 and an annular chute 12, is discharged through a pipe 13. Water, having passed through the basalt partition 16 with holes, enters the electrocoagulation chamber 3 with segmented electrodes, where dispersed particles coagulate during the process and flotation treatment of oscoagulated suspensions. Wastewater then enters the lower conical part of the electrocoagulation chamber, where non-floated contaminants are removed from the water by settling and passing through the filter charge, which increases the cleaning effect. Purified water is discharged through pipeline 9. Sediment is removed through pipeline 10. 1 zp f-ly, 1 ill. a g s / s

Description

The invention relates to devices for the electrochemical treatment of wastewater from petroleum products, namely, electrophotocoagulators with a carbon cathode and an aluminum anode.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of purification and to reduce the cost of the cleaning process.

The goal is achieved in that in an electroflotocoagulator containing a housing, an electroflotation electro-emulsification chamber with electrode blocks placed in them, components inlet and outlet pipes, a defoamer, and an electroflotation chamber are separated from the electro-coagulation chamber by a cylindrical insulating partition.

The claimed device has the following distinctive features from the prototype features.

The electrocoagulation and electroflotation chambers are separated by a cylindrical insulating partition (e.g., basalt).

The electrodes are made of industrial waste (coke dust and aluminum chips). To avoid sludge and passivation, they are made segmented.

The space between the body and the cone-shaped surface of the electrocoagulation chamber is filled with a filter charge - coke dust.

The device includes an automatically controlled pressure relief valve.

The use of a cylindrical insulating partition made of basalt facilitates the separation of the apparatus into electroflotation and electrocoagulation chambers. Basalt is a low-cost dielectric material that allows the separation of two electrode systems.

The design of the claimed device is such that the space between the casing and the conical surface of the electrocoagulation chamber is filled with a filter charge - coke dust. After the electrocoagulation chamber, the wastewater settles, is poured through the holes in the conical part, filtered through coke dust, and the precipitate released from the wastewater is removed. Removal of sludge reduces clogging of the flotation chamber electrodes with non-floated sludge, and use after clarification of the filter through coke dust increases the cleaning effect. Moreover, the settling process takes place in the apparatus itself. The use of a pressure relief valve makes the flotation process pressurized. The gas released at the cathode rises and accumulates in

the upper part of the apparatus, which leads to a gradual increase in pressure. Excess pressure above the liquid layer leads to the grinding of electrolysis gas bubbles. In addition, the rate of upward movement of bubbles to the surface of the liquid decreases, which contributes to a more intense interaction of bubbles with particles of oil products and the formation of more

0 sustainable units.

The electrolysis gas accumulated in the upper part of the apparatus is periodically discharged using an automatically controlled pressure relief valve, which leads to

5 a sharp decrease in pressure, and the bubbles of electrolysis gas, rushing in the area of low pressure, rise at high speed. This entails an increase in flotation efficiency.

0 cleanup.

The electrodes in the electroflotation and electrocoagulation chambers are segmented. This eliminates their clogging, passivation, reduces the consumption of electric energy, and extends their life. The use of industrial waste (coke dust and aluminum chips) as a material for the manufacture of electrodes significantly improves the cleaning process.

The drawing shows the proposed electroflotocoagulator.

It contains a housing 1, electroflotation 2 and electrocoagulation 3 chambers 5, two electrode systems made in the form of segments and bounded by stainless steel grids, consisting of cathodes 4 and 5, anode 6 made of coke dust, anode 7 made of aluminum 0 shavings, nozzles for supplying raw water 8, drainage of purified water 9 and drainage of sludge 10, defoamer including reflector 11, annular tray 12, conduit 13 for removing sludge, and also a cover

5-14, on which an automatically controlled pressure relief valve 15 is installed, a cylindrical insulating partition 16 cast from basalt with holes 17, a filtering load 18 located between the body and the conical surface of the electrocoagulation chamber, hole 19.

The device operates as follows. Purified wastewater containing petroleum products through the pipe 8 enters the electroflotation chamber 2, where gas bubbles form on the cathode 4, which, tearing away from the cathode surface, slowly move upward. Encountering pollution particles, they form aggregates having a volumetric a mass less than the bulk density of impurity particles, as a result of which they flotate to the surface of the liquid. Due to the accumulation of gas in the upper part of the apparatus, its pressure increases. Bubbles of electrolysis gas rise more slowly over the liquid layer with increasing pressure, which provides better contact of gas bubbles with oil products with the formation of more stable aggregates. The opening of the valve 15 contributes to a sharp decrease in pressure, and the electrolysis gas bubbles rushing to the area of reduced pressure rise at a faster rate, entraining particles of pollution, which in the normal state may not float. Pop-up contaminants accumulate in the form of foam, which is collected by means of a reflector 11 into an annular tray 12 and discharged by a sludge removal pipe 13. Then, the water flowing through the holes 17 in the basalt partition 16 enters the electrocoagulation chamber 3, in which there is a cathode 5 made of coal dust, and a soluble anode 7 made of aluminum chips. As a result of dissolution of the aluminum anode, aluminum hydroxide is formed in the electrocoagulation chamber, which has increased activity and adsorption capacity. Coagulation of suspended colloidal and other dispersed particles occurs. Particles of solids extracted by the electrolysis gas released at the cathode float to the surface of the liquid and are removed by means of a reflector 11 and an annular chute 12 through a pipe 13. A decrease in the gas pressure above the water level when opening the valve 15 also increases the flotation efficiency purification from coagulated suspensions.

Wastewater that has undergone electroflotation and electrocoagulation treatment enters the lower conical part of the electrocoagulation chamber, where non-floated contaminants are removed from the water. The clarified water flows by gravity through the opening 19 and passes through the filter charge 18.

The precipitate is discharged through pipeline 10. Purified water, which has undergone electroflotation, electrocoagulation, and mechanical cleaning, is discharged from the apparatus through pipeline 9. The electrodes of the electrocoagulation chamber are filled by removing the cover of the device and lifting the electrocoagulation chamber. At the same time spent filter load 18

discharged through sludge discharge pipe 10.

An electroflotocoagulator with an aluminum anode mass of 1.2 kg was tested. The concentration of petroleum products in

waste water is 250 g / m. The voltage at the electrodes was 12-15 V, the concentration of oil products in the branch water after purification was 0.97 g / m3.

Claims (2)

1. A device for treating wastewater from petroleum products, comprising a housing, electroflotation and electrocoagulation chambers with electrode blocks placed in them, nozzles for input and output of components, a defoamer. characterized in that, in order to increase the degree of cleaning and the cost of the cleaning process, the electroflotation chamber is separated from the electrocoagulation chamber by a cylindrical insulating partition with holes in the upper part mounted coaxially with the body, the lower part of the electrocoagulation chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone with holes around the perimeter of the side surface at the larger base of the cone space between the case and the conical surface of the electrocoagulation chamber is filled with a filter load, and the electrode blocks are made in the form of segments, and the device cover is made with automatic pressure relief valve. 2. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the cylindrical insulating partition is made of basalt.