RU1813374C - Plant growing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for growing plants in open and closed ground. The purpose of the invention is to improve the growing conditions by loosening the soil and cutting weeds at various depths. The plant growing device comprises a container made in the form of segmented cavities connected by channels with a porous layer placed above them, the upper layer of the container having recesses located in the spaces between the porous sections and communicating with the channels and a device for loosening the soil with a reciprocating movement mechanism, made in the form of t g with a knife at the end located inside the container, and the other end of t g beyond its borders, is equipped with a bracket and connected to the reciprocating mechanism translational motion, the rods are arranged in horizontal holes, which are formed in the sidewalls of the container above the porous layer. The rods are made with cranks at the ends, by means of which they are connected with knives and with additional brackets located parallel to the main brackets and equipped with a rotation and fixing mechanism. 4 ill. ate

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can find application for growing plants in open and closed ground.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the growing conditions by loosening the soil and cutting weeds at different depths.

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of an apparatus for growing plants; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1: in FIG. 4 is a view B in FIG. 1.

The device for growing plants contains a container consisting of a housing 1 and a waterproof layer 2 located therein with spherical surfaces 3 in contact with the nutrient medium, forming segmented cavities 4 with the waterproof surface of the housing 1 for interconnecting the liquid nutrient medium, interconnected by channels 5 and provided with nozzles 6 for connecting containers in series with each other and for connecting to a source of nutrient medium (not shown). Pipes 6 not connected to consumers are sealed with plugs (not shown).

The waterproof layer 2 of the container in the areas adjacent to the segmented cavities 4 is made with pores 7 representing channels having the shape of a truncated cone with an upper diameter of 5-15 microns and a lower diameter of 20-60 microns. Porous sections contain 20-80 through pores per 1 cm. In areas without pores, a waterproof layer 2 on the surface,

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In contact with the soil or other living environment of the root system, it has recesses 8 made in the form of funnels, which are equipped with channels 9 connected to pipelines 10 for draining liquid waste from the soil. The recesses 8 are closed by filtering nets 11.

On the vertical walls 12 of the container body 1, at a height located between the levels of the waterproof layer 2 and the soil layer 13, horizontal holes 14 are placed, in which rods 15 with cranks 16 and 17 are placed at the ends, at one of which with the help of the bushings 18, a horizontally located knife 19 is fixed. At the other ends of the rod 15, extending beyond the limits of the tank, brackets 20 and 21 are placed, one of them, the bracket 21, on the crank 17. The mechanisms of reciprocating motion are fixed to the brackets 20 in the form of hydraulic cylinders 22 connected to the side surfaces of the container body. They are designed to horizontally move the knives 19.

The device is equipped with a mechanism for setting the knives 19 to the depth of cultivation, made of a gear wheel 23, rigidly fixed to link 15, and being in constant engagement of the gear wheel 24, the axis of which is fixed on the bracket 20. A crank 25 is placed on the sprocket 24. coupled to the rod 26 of the hydraulic cylinder 27 located on the bracket 20. Each knife 19 is equipped with such a mechanism. Besides the vertical movement of the knife, this mechanism secures the knife.

The device operates as follows.

A liquid nutrient medium, for example, an aqueous solution of salts containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements necessary for feeding plants individually or in a mixture, is injected into the segment cavities 4. After filling, the source of the nutrient medium (not shown) is turned off. .

The liquid nutrient medium located in the segmented cavities 4 enters the pores 7, which are taken away by its lower bases due to surface tension forces and due to the same forces it is transported upward and towards a smaller diameter until the meniscus it will not take its extreme position, i.e., the liquid nutrient medium enters the soil layer 13 located above the container, where it disperses over the soil particles, entering them through the pores penetrating the soil particles due to surface tension forces. As the nutrient medium is consumed, it is periodically pumped into cavities 4,

In the soil layer 13, as a result of precipitation and heavy irrigation, a free, non-soil-related liquid medium accumulates, which, when excess, negatively affects the growth and development of plants, and these liquid wastes located between the soil lumps fall due to gravity on the upper surface of the reservoir layer 2, and from it into the recess 8, previously cleaned with a filter 11, and from the recess, due to gravity, it flows into channels 9, and from them into pipelines 10, through which

5 is disposed of in special containers (not shown).

After harvesting and before sowing, the soil 13 is loosened, for which purpose the working cylinder is launched under pressure in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 22

0 liquid under which the rods will be retracted or extended and, acting on the brackets 20, will move them, moving them closer to or away from the vertical walls 12 of the housing. Brackets 20,

5 moving through the rods 15, the knives 19 located in the soil layer 13, which loosen the soil inside, cut the weed. After several reciprocating movements, the knives 19 are stopped.

0 According to agrotechnical requirements, the soil must be loosened to different depths, at first the depth should be greatest, then less, and before sowing - at the seed placement depth, therefore, before each loosening, the knives 19 are set to the required loosening depth, for which they are let into the hydraulic cylinders 27 under pressure, the working fluid, under the action of which the rods 26 will be retracted or extended for 0 s, turning the gear wheel 24, and through it the gear wheel 23, rigidly fixed to the link 15, which will cause the latter to rotate with the crank steps 16 and 17, moving the brackets 21 and the knives 19 parallel to themselves, and through the brackets 21 the cranks 16 and 17 of other t 15 will rotate, which will move the knives 19 in the soil parallel to themselves, setting them to the necessary depth loosening. After setting the knife to the required depth of loosening, the knife is fixed in this position by hydraulic cylinders 27 by closing the working fluid in it.

5 After setting the knives to the required depth of loosening, loosening is carried out as described above.

After loosening the soil, the knives are left in it for the entire vegetation period of the plants or dismantled.

In open ground, the device is placed on natural ground 28, and in greenhouses - on racks (not shown), having containers in series, connecting them to one another with the help of pipes 6.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A plant growing apparatus comprising a container, in the lower part of which are located channel-connected segmented cavities with a porous layer placed above them and between them porous sections, on the upper surface of which are recesses with channels for 0 5 waste disposal, characterized in that, in order to improve the growing conditions by loosening the soil and cutting weeds at different depths, it is equipped with a device for loosening the soil and cutting weeds at different depths, located inside the tank and filled in the form of a knife with a knife having a crank and a sleeve, by means of which the knife is attached to the bar, while its free end is located in horizontal holes made in the side walls of the tank and has a crank with a bracket for turning t g  / W / P / Y / / 7 //// / V / ////// / 77 10 Fig. 3 view b with t 7 i , / 202f 11phi % C