RU1812337C - Heat engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention allows to increase the specific power of heat engines that convert thermal rotations of springs having thermomechanical memory and consuming heat energy from natural heat sources and heat production waste into rotor rotation. The inventive goods in the radial guides of the rotor 2 are movably mounted in the form of rods 4 with stops 5. Springs 3 having a memory property are installed outside the rotor 2 between its developed lateral cylindrical surface and stops 5 of the rods 4. When the rotor 2 rotates the springs 3 falling alternately into the heating and cooling zones, the massive rods 4 change their length and move in the radial direction, supporting the weight unbalance of the rotor 2, creating a torque on its axis. 2 ill. (L C

Description

The invention relates to the metallurgical, chemical, energy and other energy-intensive sectors of the national economy, as well as to the technique of using non-traditional types of Energy, for example, solar .; ... ..: ;; .--. - I AM. ;.::; . ; .. -:

The purpose of the invention is to increase unit and specific power.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed engine, a General view; in Fig. 2 - section aa in Fig.1. - V -; - ..: -:; .. -; , - :; :;: - -. ;

The heat engine contains a stator 1 with heating and cooling zones, a cylindrical rotor 2 with springs 3 mounted on it, having the property of thermomechanical shape memory, weights made in the form of rods 4 with stops 5. The rods 4 are movably mounted in radial directions. representing steel tubes 6, made in a cylindrical rotor 2 in different planes, offset from each other along the axis of the rotor 2. The springs 3 are mounted outside the rotor and connected at one end to the cylindrical rotor 2, and the other to 5 Oram rods 4. Cylindrical rotor 2 mounted on a shaft 7, opirayuschems by the frame 8. The shaft 8 through the reduction gear 9 is connected to the motor-generator 10. The springs are made of wire 3, which is used to produce titanium nickel alloy, i.e., shape memory alloy. During the preliminary heat treatment, the springs 3 are attached to a compressed position at a temperature below 30 ° C and an expanded position at a temperature above 50 ° C. These spring conditions are memorized. The length of the movable rod 4 is determined from the ratio

L D-Ht + l2, where L is the length of the movable rod 4: -.

D is the diameter of the cylindrical rotor 2;

And - the length of the thermomechanical element - spring 3 in a compressed state;

la is the length of the thermomechanical element - springs 3 in the expanded state.

A thermal engine with an electric power of 50 kW has the following dimensions: ....-; . . . :: -. - .-. -.-. . - The diameter of the rotor / mm 400.

Rotor Length, mm 1800

Spring length in

compressed state, mm 100

Spring length in

expanded state, mm 250

Diameter of springs, mm 70

Spring material Nickelide - / Titanium -. .

Weight of springs total, kg 50- h Number of guide tubes, pcs. 85

Diameter of guide tubes: Outer, mm20 Internal, mm 16 Number of rods, pcs. 85 - ..; Diameter of rods, mm 15 Length of rods, mm 750 Number of springs, tt. 170; At the indicated dimensions, the initial temperature, for example, of gas is 120 ° C and the temp. &Amp; - cooling water temperature is 10 ° C. The rotor speed is 30 rpm; ; ;; The heat engine operates as follows. : I: - / -. -....:.; --- V ..: .-. ; ....

To install a heat engine, a horizontal duct section in front of the chimney is selected. Moving off-gases of low temperature gases (t 200 ° C) wash the upper half of the cylindrical rotor 2 of the heat engine. The lower part of the rotor and the thermal-mechanical-spring elements 3 located therein are immersed in the cooling zone of the stator 1 at a temperature of 20 ° C. :: -, v .. Under the indicated conditions, the 5Zines in the upper zone are in the unclenched position, and those in the unclean state. The created weight unbalance (see; Fig. 2) due to a bunch of generators4 ensures the rotation of: rotor 2 clockwise at a speed of 30 rpm and the force that drives the motor-regenerator 10.

Uniform rotation of the rotor 2 is achieved due to the clear cyclic functioning of the dynamic system: thermomechanical elements - springs 3, and movable rods 4. Once in the cooling zone, the springs 3 not only compress themselves, but also push the ends of the movable rods 4 into the guide tubes. On the other hand, when heating and stretching the springs 3, the opposite ends of these rods 4 are pulled out of the guide tubes 6. Not only process water, but also other liquids, for example sewage, can be used as a cooling agent. It is also possible to use gaseous coolers, for example, nitrogen coming in from oxygen machines. : .-- ..;. :;. V; V /: ..-: V -: - :; -; ;

When the device is operating, the temperature of the exhaust gases drops. In practice, it can be supplied to a level that is only 10-30 ° C higher than the temperature of the cooler. This is achieved by sequentially installing a number of devices, the number of which is determined by the volume of exhaust gases, their temperature and the power of the devices. The life of the device op re. is divided by the number of cycles: compression - unloading of springs 3 of titanium nickelide.

Thus, at a rotor speed of 30 rpm, the springs 3 make 30 such cycles per minute, or per hour:

30x60 1800 c / h: Total device runtime

1,5 / 10

, 6

 h or 347 days.

1.8 - U3

This device can also be used to generate electricity from a stream of sunlight. In this case, the water of rivers, streams and other natural and artificial sources may be used as a cooled medium.

The use of a heat engine provides the following advantages in comparison with the prototype: an increase in the unit and specific power of the engine; use of waste heat - low-temperature heat (t $ 200 ° C); including heat of exhaust gases contaminated with sulfur, nitrogen, fluorine, chlorine, and the like; the use of heat from an unconventional source - solar energy with minimal capital costs; receiving electro; energy. ./. / ... V: -. V; - / -.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A heat engine comprising a stator with heating and cooling zones, a rotor with springs installed thereon, having the property of thermomechanical shape memory, connected with loads, including and with the fact that, with in order to increase the specific power, the rotor is made with a developed lateral cylindrical surface, and the loads are in the form of rods with stops, movably mounted in radial guides made in the rotor in different planes, offset from each other along the axis of the rotor, while the springs are installed us outside the rotor between the latter and stops rods.