RU18108U1 - DEVICE FOR DETECTING TURBULENT SPOTS IN A MARINE ENVIRONMENT - Google Patents

Description

Device for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment

The utility model relates to the field of research of hydrophysical fields and can be used in environmental studies, in experimental hydrodynamics, oceanology and other fields of technology where it is necessary to control the parameters of a turbulent medium.

To solve the problem of detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment, it is necessary to have a highly sensitive speed transducer B electric signal. One of the reasons that prevent the creation of devices for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment is the sensitivity of the speed transducer to spurious signals resulting from vibrations and uneven movement of the transducer mounted on a movable carrier, for example, on a towed line.

Closest to the proposed is a device for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment 1, which contains a first transducer of speed to an electrical signal, a second and third transducer of speed to an electric signal, identical to the first transducer to electric signal, located on one straight line with the first speed transducer into an electrical signal on either side of the first speed transducer; In an electrical signal connected in series with a bandpass filter OP, averaging block and threshold block, second input of coMPK G01P 5/00

the second is connected to a threshold signal source, as well as a computing unit. In this case, the inputs of the mentioned computing unit from the first to the third are connected to the outputs of the speed converters into an electric signal from the first to the third, respectively, its output is connected to the input of the bandpass filter, and the output of the threshold block is the output of the device.

The disadvantage of device 1 is the large linear size of the device. The disadvantage is due to the fact that in order to compensate for vibrational disturbances, the second and third converters of the velocity pulsations are located on one straight line on opposite sides of the first transducer into an electrical signal at a distance that excludes spatial filtering of turbulent velocity pulsations.

The objective of the utility model is to create a device for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment with low turbulence energy and reduced linear dimensions of the device.

To solve this problem, a device for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment contains identical first, second, third and fourth converters of speed into an electrical signal, a series-pass filter, a quadrator / averaging unit and a threshold unit, the second input of which is connected to a threshold signal source, and the output is the output of the device, as well as the function calculation unit

and K- (u, + ft, -U, + 13, -i, + 13, -i ,, (1)

and - a signal at the output of the said block for calculating the function. IN; K is a scale factor;

f /,, and, f / 3 and C / 4 are the voltages at the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the said function calculation unit, respectively. IN; 2 g D AND weights;

- 2 - /.- / .. sin / X-.

- / g,; - / g., - sin “24 D

5, 2- / i3-sina23

A 5

/, s - distance between the first and third converters of speed into an electric signal;

L, 4 - distance between the first and fourth converters

speed into an electrical signal;

L, 2 - the distance between the first and second converters of speed into an electrical signal;

“24 the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters into an electric signal, and the straight line / passing through the first and fourth speed converters into an electric signal;

“23 is the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters into an electric signal, and the straight line passing through the first and third speed converters into an electric signal;

B - L, 2 - (Ln sinof24 8m2z) sin (a24 - "23);

in this case, all four of said converters of speed to an electric signal are located in one plane / any three converters of speed to an electric signal from said four converters of speed to an electric signal do not lie on one straight line / the inputs of the said block of function calculation from the first to the fourth are connected to the outputs of the converters the speed of the electrical signal from the first to the fourth / respectively / a output of the said block, the function calculation is connected to the input of the bandpass filter.

In the proposed device, the first / second / third and fourth converters of speed into an electrical signal can be located at the vertices of the square.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- 3 speakers on the signal plane; at the second At 12345678910 At 1234 At 1234.2 the speed of FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the relative position of the conversion speed into an electrical signal in space; FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the geometric relationships in the arrangement of speed converters in electrical FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining the relative position of the first and speed converters into an electrical signal. FIG. 1 marked: the first Converter of speed into an electrical signal; a second converter of speed into an electrical signal; a third converter of speed into an electrical signal; fourth speed converter to electrical signal; unit for calculating function (1). band-pass filter; quadrator; averaging block; threshold block; - source of the threshold signal. FIG. 2 are indicated: a first converter of speed into an electrical signal; a second converter of speed into an electrical signal; a third converter of speed into an electrical signal; fourth speed converter to electrical signal; FIG. 3 marked: the first Converter of speed into an electrical signal; a second converter of speed into an electrical signal; a third converter of speed into an electrical signal; fourth speed converter to electrical signal; - the distance between the first and second converters 1 and 2 into an electrical signal; - distance between the first and third converters 1 and 3 gar: -. Чя ;;:; ..: dd l OoHoog 2. | dSh1e | p "; .-. that one. I-dg "- --t: -... g .., ya., - j. - 5 - the distance between the first and fourth converters 1 and 4 of the speed into an electrical signal; "24 the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters 1 and 2 into an electrical signal, and the straight line passing through the first and fourth speed converters 1 and 4 into an electric signal; "23 is the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters 1 and 2 into an electrical signal, and the straight line passing through the first and third speed converters 1 and 3 into an electric signal; In FIG. 4 marked: 1 - the first Converter of speed into an electrical signal; 2- second speed converter into an electric signal; 11 - sensitive elements of converters 1, 2; 12-differential amplifiers; L, 2 is the distance between the first and second converters 1 and 2 of the speed into an electrical signal. In accordance with FIG. 1, the device contains identical first, second, third and fourth converters 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the speed into an electrical signal, the outputs of which are connected, respectively, with the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the unit 5 for calculating function (1). The output of unit 5 for calculating function (1) is connected in series with a bandpass filter b, quadrator 7, averaging unit 8 and threshold unit 9, the second input of which is connected to a source of threshold signal 10, and the output is the output of the device. Converters 1-4 speed into an electrical signal can be electromagnetic, hot-wire or other known type. Unit 5 for calculating function (1) can be performed, for example, on operational amplifiers that implement the functions of weight summation, or include a multichannel analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor calculator. . 1 WO&X L

iyjS№} y): -; : Si # S; : - -g -; -, .- Tr, -., - j.w.,. i --.- ft-r,

The bandwidth of the band-pass filter b is chosen depending

from the spatial scale of the analyzed turbulent inhomogeneities and the speed of the moving carrier. To solve this problem, they primarily use the range of spatial inhomogeneities A, (O, 01-1.0) m. For a fixed speed V of the movement of the moving carrier, this range corresponds to the range of operating frequencies Af fmin nax. In particular, for A, (0.01-1.0) m and m / s Af (5-500) Hz. If the speed of the mobile carrier can vary, then the upper and lower frequencies of the operating frequency range are selected, respectively, from the conditions and fmin VnHn / A, niax-For example, the range of operating speeds of the carrier V (2.5-10) m / s and the above range X , (O, 01-1.0) m corresponds to the operating frequency band of the filter b Af (2.5-1000) Hz.

The best option for the implementation of the filter b is its implementation with the possibility of manual or automatic tuning of the passband depending on the speed of the medium.

The averaging time of block 8 is chosen at least 5-10 times longer than the minimum oscillation period at the output of the bandpass filter b. If the band-pass filter b is made with the adjustment of the operating frequency range, then the averaging unit 8 is expediently performed with a variable averaging time, which varies inversely with the speed of the moving carrier.

The source 10 may P1 have a fixed value of a threshold signal or a variable value that can be changed manually or automatically depending on the background values of turbulence or the nature of the tasks being solved.

Blocks 6-10 can be analog or digital, which does not affect the dryness of the utility model.

Block building schemes 6-10 are well known.

The first, second, third and fourth converters 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the speed into an electrical signal are located in the same plane (Fig. 2). Any three converters of speed to an electric signal from the mentioned four converters of speed to an electric signal do not

/ 2 ,, -. V "gf; e4jfWT -: - rV. - - - .--- ,,. ,, ..,., ..-, j.j ,,. ,, - -

lie on one straight line / that is, located at the vertices of the quadrangle. This quadrangle may take the form of a trapezoid, parallelogram, rhombus or other shape. The best option is to arrange the transducers 1-4 at the vertices of the square.

The plane in which the transducers 1-4 are located can have any position in space, provided that the transducers 1-4 are operational. In particular, converters 1-4 must be correctly oriented with respect to the direction of the incoming flow and should not obscure each other. The best option is the orientation of the transducers 1-4, in which the plane in which they are located is perpendicular to the direction of the incoming flow (Fig. 2).

The location of the transducers 1-4 in one plane, the distances and angles between the transducers 1-4 are determined by finding the centers of the sensitive zones. Usually this is the axis of symmetry of the sensing element 11 (see, for example, Fig. 4). Since the geometric dimensions of the sensing element 11 of each of the transducers 1-4 are many times smaller than the distance between them, the necessary geometric relationships are easily determined.

The minimum distances /, 2, RI and /, 4 are selected from the condition that there is no influence of the converters 1-4 on each other. The maximum distances / and R are limited by the design capabilities and the conditions for observing the structural rigidity of the relative positions of the transducers 1-4. Typically, distances, R and R are 0.1-1.0 m.

In each converter 1-4, for example, of the electromagnetic type, along with the sensing element 11 there is, as a rule, an amplifier connected to the sensing element 11, in particular a differential amplifier (DU) 12.

The proposed device operates as follows.

A carrier, for example, a towed line of an environmental monitoring ship, moves rigidly coupled speed converters 1-4 into an electrical signal in the medium under study. You-7. ,, ..-.-., ... ..; .-, ™, j ..- .. ,,,,.,. ",, ..,., -," - . --.--, -, -, ....-- ,,., ..., .. ,,,,,, B-r.- -. -.-, .MfJ-tfr iSvi / /, L;

The operating signal of the converter 1 is processed in block 5 together with

signals of converters 2-4 according to the formula (1). After processing in block 5, a signal free of vibrational noise is filtered, squared and averaged by blocks 6, 7, 8. A signal proportional to the energy of turbulent pulsations is fed to the first input of threshold block 9. If the energy of turbulent pulsations exceeds a predetermined level, by the output of the threshold block 9, a signal appears, which indicates the presence of a turbulent spot in the studied marine environment.

Using the proposed utility model due to the new arrangement of converters 1-4 speed into an electrical signal and a new unit 5 for calculating function (1) allows to reduce the maximum linear size of the device. Calculations show that the maximum linear size of the device can be reduced by 1.2-1.4 times, which is of great importance when installing the device on media with limited sizes. In addition, the proposed utility model can significantly expand the working range of the spatial scales of the analyzed turbulent velocity pulsations while maintaining the maximum size of the device,

The presented description and drawings allow, using the existing element base, to manufacture the proposed device in production and use it in those areas of technology where it is necessary to determine the turbulence parameters, including monitoring the state of the marine environment from a mobile carrier, which characterizes the utility model as industrially applicable.

Sources of information 1. Testimonial. at the PM of the Russian Federation No. 15137, IPC G 01 P 5/00, 2000 (prototype).

 f (

- 8 FORMULA

Claims (1)

A device for detecting turbulent spots in the marine environment, containing identical first, second and third converters of speed to an electrical signal, a series-connected bandpass filter, a quadrator, an averaging unit and a threshold unit, the second input of which is connected to a threshold signal source, characterized in that additionally introduced a fourth speed converter into an electric signal identical to the first, second and third converters of speed into an electric signal, as well as a unit for calculating fu ktsii
U = K • (U ₁ + β ₂ • U ₂ + β ₃ • U ₃ + β ₄ • U ₄ ),
where U is the signal at the output of said block of function calculation, V;
K is a scale factor;
U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ and U ₄ are the voltages at the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the said block for calculating the function, respectively, V;
β ₂ , β ₃ and β ₄ - weighting factors;

R ₁₃ is the distance between the first and third converters of speed into an electrical signal;
R ₁₄ is the distance between the first and fourth converters of speed into an electrical signal;
R ₁₂ is the distance between the first and second converters of speed into an electrical signal;
α ₂₄ is the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters into an electrical signal, and the straight line passing through the first and fourth speed converters into an electric signal;
α ₂₃ is the angle between the straight line passing through the first and second speed converters into an electric signal, and the straight line passing through the first and third speed converters into an electric signal;

while all four of these speed converters into an electric signal are located in one plane, any three speed converters into an electric signal from the four speed converters into an electric signal do not lie on one straight line, the inputs of the aforementioned function calculation unit one through four are connected to the outputs of the converters speed into the electric signal from the first to the fourth, respectively, and the output of the said function calculation unit is connected to the input of the bandpass filter.