RU18855U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE AVERAGE VALUE OF QUADRATIC VALUES OF TURBULENT SPEEDS OF SPEED IN A MARINE ENVIRONMENT UNDER ADDITIVE VIBRATION INTERFERENCE - Google Patents

Description

Device for determining the average value of quadratic

values of turbulent pulsations of speed in the marine environment

under conditions of additive vibration interference

The utility model relates to the field of research of hydrophysical fields and can be used in environmental studies, in oceanology and other fields of technology, where it is required to control the parameters of turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment.

To solve the problem of determining the statistical characteristics of turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment, it is necessary to have a highly sensitive speed converter into an electrical signal. One of the reasons that hinder the determination of the statistical characteristics of turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment is the sensitivity of the speed transducer to spurious signals resulting from the vibrations of the transducer mounted on a mobile carrier, for example, on a towed line, which makes it impossible to determine, in particular, the average value quadratic values of turbulent velocity pulsations, which is the most important energy characteristic of turbulence.

Closest to the proposed device is a device for determining the average value of the quadratic values of turbulent fluctuations of speed in the marine environment under conditions of additive vibration interference 1, which contains identical first, second and third converters of speed to an electrical signal, and a computing unit, as well as a series-connected bandpass filter .

IPC GOIP 5/00

a quadrator, an averaging unit, and a scale unit, wherein the second and third converters of speed to an electric signal are located on one straight line with the first converter of speed to an electric signal on both sides of the first converter of speed into an electric signal at equal distances from it, the inputs of the above-mentioned computing unit the first to third functions are connected to the outputs of the speed converters into an electrical signal from the first to the third, respectively, its output is connected to the input of the bandpass filter , and the output of the scale block is the output of the device.

The disadvantage of device 1 is the large linear size of the device. The disadvantage is due to the fact that in order to compensate for vibrational disturbances, the second and third converters of the velocity pulsations are located on one straight line on opposite sides of the first transducer into an electrical signal at a distance that excludes spatial filtering of turbulent velocity pulsations.

The objective of the utility model is to provide the ability to determine the average value of the quadratic values of turbulent velocity pulsations in a marine environment with a low level of turbulence energy under conditions of additive vibrational noise with reduced linear dimensions of the device.

The essence of the utility model is that to determine the average value of the quadratic values of the turbulent pulsations of the velocity, they simultaneously drain the speed by converting the speed into an electrical signal using the first, second, third, and fourth converters of speed into an electric signal located at the vertices of the square, which move rectilinearly and uniformly in the studied marine environment, and the average value of the quadratic values of turbulent pulsations is growth in the marine environment is determined by the formula

- 2 - (U, -U, -U, + U,)

, .F (A ,,, 7) (

F is the average value of quadratic values of turbulent pulsations of speed in the marine environment, (m / s);

t / i and t / 4 of the voltage at the outputs of the first and fourth converters of speed into an electrical signal, located in one pair of opposite vertices of the said square. IN;

1/2 VL and are the voltage at the outputs of the second and third speed converters into an electrical signal, respectively, located in another pair of opposite vertices of the said square. IN;

(U -UT-U + U J - average signal value (С /, - С / 2 з + 4)

 - coefficient of conversion of each of the speed converters into an electrical signal. B / (m / s);

D, and the upper and lower boundaries of the range of measured spatial inhomogeneities, respectively, m;

R is the length of each side of the said square, at the vertices of which there are speed converters into an electrical signal, m;

F (A, A2, R) is a coefficient depending on the relations / and /

A device for determining the averaged value of quadratic values of turbulent fluctuations of speed in the marine environment under conditions of additive vibrational noise, contains identical first, second and third converters of speed to an electrical signal, a series-connected bandpass filter, a quadrator, an averaging unit and a scale unit, the output of which is the output of the device , as well as a fourth speed converter into an electrical signal, identical to the first, second and third speed converters in electrical s signal, and arithmetic function block

and k (and, -i, -i, + and,),

and - a signal at the output of said function calculation unit, B; K is a scale factor;

(7 ,, f / 2 / t / 3 4 voltages at the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the mentioned function calculation unit, respectively. V;

in this case, all four of said converters of speed to an electric signal are rigidly interconnected and located at the vertices of a square, in the first pair of opposite vertices of which are the first and fourth converters of speed into an electric signal, in the second pair of opposite vertices of a square are the second and third speed converters into an electrical signal, the inputs of the first to fourth function calculating unit are connected to the outputs of the speed converters into an electrical signal from the first about the fourth, respectively, its output is connected to the input of the bandpass filter.

Thanks to the new arrangement of speed converters into an electrical signal and a new computing unit, the maximum linear size of the device is reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a device,

in FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the relative position of speed converters into an electrical signal,

in FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the relative position of the first and second converters of speed into an electrical signal.

in FIG. 4 - values of F (A, 2, R} for various relations / and for turbulent pulsations of speed in the direction of motion of the transducers,

(2;

L / I, for turbulent pulsations of speed in directions perpendicular to the direction of motion of the transducers (vertical and horizontal).

In FIG. 1 marked:

1 - the first speed converter into an electrical signal;

2- second speed converter into an electric signal;

3- third speed converter into an electrical signal;

4- fourth speed converter into an electrical signal;

5- block calculation function (2).

6-way filter;

7- quadrator;

8- averaging block;

9-scale block; In FIG. 2 are indicated:

1 - the first speed converter into an electrical signal;

2- second speed converter into an electric signal;

3- third speed converter into an electrical signal;

4- fourth speed converter into an electrical signal; R is the length of each side of the square, at the vertices of which there are speed converters in an electrical signal.

In FIG. 3 are indicated:

1 - the first speed converter into an electrical signal;

2- second speed converter into an electric signal;

10- sensitive elements of converters 1, 2;

11- differential amplifiers;

/ is the length of the side of the square at the vertices of which the converters of speed into an electrical signal are located.

In accordance with FIG. 1, the device contains identical first, second, third and fourth converters 1, 2, 3, 4 of the speed into an electrical signal, the outputs of which are connected, respectively, with the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the unit 5 for calculating function (2).

 0

- 5 to the output of block 5 for calculating function (2) are connected in series with a band-pass filter b, quadrator 7, averaging block 8 and a scale block 9.

Converters 1-4 speed into an electrical signal can be electromagnetic, hot-wire or other known type.

In each converter 1-4, for example, of the electromagnetic type, along with the sensing element 10 there is, as a rule, an amplifier connected to the sensing element 11, in particular a differential amplifier (DU) 11 (Fig. 3).

Unit 5 for calculating function (2) can be performed, for example, on operational amplifiers that implement the functions of summing and subtracting, or include a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor calculator of function (2).

The passband of the band-pass filter b is selected depending on the spatial scale of the analyzed turbulent inhomogeneities and the speed of the moving carrier. To solve this problem, they mainly use the range of spatial inhomogeneities of Pts A.2 0.01 m to, 0 m. For a fixed speed V of the movement of a moving carrier, this range corresponds to the operating frequency range D / Upsh / max. In particular, for 2 0.01 m,, 0 m and m / s Af (5-500) Hz. If the speed of the mobile carrier can vary, then the upper and lower frequencies of the operating frequency range are selected, respectively, from the conditions groin Ut1n miiy l-For example, the range of operating speeds of the carrier F (2.5-10) m / s and the above range, 01 m to, 0 m corresponds to the operating frequency band of the filter b L / (2.5-1000) Hz. The best option for the implementation of the filter b is its implementation with the possibility of manual or automatic tuning of the passband depending on the speed of the medium.

lool 10 o

- 6 6. If the band-pass filter b is made with the restructuring of the operating frequency range, then it is advisable to perform averaging unit 8 with a variable averaging time, which varies inversely with the speed of the moving carrier.

The scale unit 9 is designed to scale the value of the signal received at the output of the averaging unit 8. Its value is chosen, as a rule, equal to F (/ l ,, / l2, /), where the values of Г (Л, К) are determined based on the processing of experimental data. In particular, the values of F (/ l, / l2, R) for various ratios and // in the case when the transducers are located in a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion of the transducers 1-4 (Fig. 2) are shown in FIG. 4, 5.

Blocks 6-9 can be analog or digital, which does not affect the dryness of the utility model. Block building schemes 6-9 are well known.

Converters 1-4 of the speed into an electrical signal are located at the vertices of the square with side R (Fig. 2). In this case, the plane in which the transducers 1-4 are located can have any position in space, provided that the transducers 1-4 remain operational. In particular, converters 1-4 should be correctly oriented with respect to the direction of the incoming flow and should not obscure each other.

One of the best options for the location of the transducers 14 with respect to the direction of flow is the option in which the transducers 1-4 are located in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the incoming flow (Fig. 2).

The minimum length R is chosen from the condition that there is no influence of the converters 1-4 on each other and the excess of the minimum scale of the measured turbulent velocity pulsations. The maximum length R is limited by the design capabilities and the conditions for observing the structural rigidity of the relative positions of the transducers 14. Typically, the distances R are (0.1-1.0) m.

- 7 The location of the transducers 1-4 in one plane, the distances and angles between the transducers 1-4 are determined by finding the centers of the sensitive zones. Usually this is the axis of symmetry of the sensing element 10 (see, for example, Fig. 3). Since the geometric dimensions of the sensing element 10 of each of the transducers 1-4 are many times smaller than the distance between them, the necessary geometric relationships are easily determined.

The determination of the averaged value of the quadratic values of turbulent pulsations of speed in the marine environment under conditions of additive vibrational interference is performed as follows.

Identical converters 1, 2, 3, 4 are structurally rigidly interconnected, they move rectilinearly uniformly in the studied marine environment (see Fig. 2). The speed is simultaneously converted into an electrical signal using the first, second, third and fourth-ego speed converters 1, 2, 3 and 4 into an electrical signal. After processing the signals received from the converters 1, 2, 3 and 4, the average value of the quadratic values of the turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment is determined by the formula (1). By subtracting and summing the signals of the converters 1, 2, 3, 4, the compensation of additive vibrational interference is carried out. Moreover, the determination of the true average value of the quadratic values of turbulent fluctuations of speed in the marine environment is provided by taking into account the correlation of signals from the outputs of converters 1-4. Accounting for these relationships is achieved by applying the coefficient F (/ l ,, A2) / whose values are shown in the graphs (Fig. 4, 5).

If necessary, the averaged values of the quadratic values of turbulent pulsations of the velocity in the marine environment can be determined continuously for a given period of time when examining a given water area. In this case, the obtained values are recorded by known means, for example, a recorder, etc.

monitoring, carries out the movement in the studied medium of rigidly connected converters 1-4 speed into an electrical signal. The output signals of the converters 1, 2, 3, 4 are processed in block 5 according to the formula (2). After processing in block 5, a signal free of vibrational noise is filtered, squared and averaged by blocks b, 7, 8. A signal proportional to the average value of the quadratic values of turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment is fed to the input of scale unit 9. In block 9 the value of the output signal is adjusted taking into account the values of the transmission coefficients of blocks b, 7, 8 and the coefficient F (/ l ,, Л2, /).

Thus, the proposed utility model makes it possible to determine the average value of the quadratic values of turbulent velocity pulsations in the marine environment under conditions of additive vibrational interference with a significant decrease in the linear dimensions of the device. Calculations show that: the frost-free dimensions of the device can be reduced by 1.21.4 times, which is of great importance when installing the device on media with limited sizes. In addition, the proposed utility model can significantly expand the working range of the spatial scales of the measured turbulent velocity pulsations while maintaining the maximum size of the device, as well as increase the sensitivity of the device. Calculations show that the sensitivity of the device can be increased up to 1.3 times.

The presented description and drawings allow, using the existing element base, to manufacture the proposed device in production and use it in those areas of technology where it is necessary to determine the turbulence parameters, including monitoring the state of the marine environment from a mobile carrier, which characterizes the utility model as industrially applicable.

Sources of information 1. Testimonial. at the PM of the Russian Federation No. 16033, IPC G 01 P 5/00, 2000 (prototype).

- 9 FORMULA

Claims (1)

A device for determining the averaged value of quadratic values of turbulent fluctuations of speed in the marine environment under conditions of additive vibration interference, containing identical first, second and third converters of speed to an electrical signal, as well as a series-connected bandpass filter, quadrator, averaging unit and a scale unit, the output of which is the output of the device, characterized in that a fourth converter of speed into an electric signal identical to the first, second and third eobrazovatelyam speed into an electric signal, and arithmetic function block
U = K • (U ₁ -U ₂ -U ₃ + U ₄ ),
where U is the signal at the output of said block of function calculation, V;
K is a scale factor;
U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ and U ₄ are the voltages at the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the said function calculation unit, respectively, V,
in this case, all four of said converters of speed to an electric signal are rigidly interconnected and located at the vertices of a square, in the first pair of opposite vertices of which are the first and fourth converters of speed to an electric signal, in the second pair of opposite vertices of a square are the second and third converters of speed to electric a signal, the inputs of said first to fourth function calculating unit are connected to the outputs of the speed converters into an electrical signal from the first about the fourth, respectively, its output is connected to the input of the band-pass filter.