RU1810185C - Method for producing hollow articles from tube blanks - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: blanks 19 assembled with detachable sleeves 17 are loaded into a container, hydraulic cylinders lower the yoke 7 until the ends of the forming punches 14 and 15 meet, while the punches 14 and 15 are inserted with a slight tension into the conical end parts of the blanks and reliably compacted internal cavities. Hydraulic cylinders introduce a wedge between the cross beams, the slider moves down and at the same time a pump for pumping the working fluid 21 into the container cavity through the plunger channel. When the required fluid pressure is reached, the workpiece is deformed and its inner surface completely repeats the profile of closed forming punches. In the process of deformation, the liquid that enters the cavity of the preform during loading is squeezed out through openings 16 in the forming punches, which ensures good filling of the mold. 1 s.p. f-ly. 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to devices for hydrostatically pressing hollow articles from tubular blanks.

The aim of the invention is to increase, productivity and improve the quality of products,

In Fig. 1, a sectional view shows a general view of a device mounted on a table of a hydraulic press; in Fig.2 - the same top view; in FIG. 3 - assembly of one of the working (deforming) containers, where the conical blank is shown on the left and the finished product is on the right; in Fig.4 - view of the device, sbrku; figure 5 is a section of the wedge mechanism of locking the channel of the deforming container.

The device consists of a plunger 1 attached to a press slider, equipped with a longitudinal channel 2 for pumping fluid and a check valve 3, a central container 4, lateral deforming containers 5, a power frame containing a fixed upper beam 6, a movable beam. 7 (base plate 8 with a system of holes 9, guide columns 10, pulling the crosshead 6 with the base plate 8, wedge mechanisms 11, hydraulic cylinders 12 connected to the movable crosshead 7, pullers 13, plungers with forming punches 14, forming punches with holes 1b “detachable bushings 17 with slots 18 for a puller, workpieces 19, finished products 20, working fluid 21. hydraulic cylinders 22 and 23 and brackets 24. Seals are shown with black triangles.

The wedge mechanism (see Fig. 5) consists of a wedge 11, the upper ends of which have a slope at an angle of 2 ° and the upper cross beam 6, a hydraulic cylinder 22, the rod of which is connected to the wedge 11, and an arm 24 for securing the hydraulic cylinder have the same two slopes. During the course of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22 to the axis of the device, a wedge 11 is inserted between the upper traverse b and the movable traverse 7, creating a wedge closure that ensures reliable closure of the forming punches 14 and 15 (see Fig. 3) and does not open when pressure increases in containers 5 The mechanism for removing finished products consists of a puller 13 connected to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 23 and moving in guides fastened with containers 5, The pullers have the form of forks (see, Fig. 2), which enter the grooves 18 of the releasable bushings 17.

The Central container 4 has an inner diameter of the channel less than the diameters of the channels deforming

containers 5 in order to be able to use a smaller press for stamping. When the working pressure is created in the container 4, the liquid is compressed, flowing through the openings 9 transfers pressure to the containers 5.

By taking off, it is possible to reduce the required press force required to obtain hollow products from tube blanks. It is necessary to create the same fluid pressure P in several containers with different internal diameters DI and D2,

P, p: 5 "„

then press efforts:

at

&

, and, since, then, respectively, Fi P2. For example, for hydraulic crimping the steering column of a Ural motorcycle

a container with a diameter of mm and a working pressure of MPa are required, therefore, the process must have a force of kN, If pressure is created in the central container 4 with a diameter

 mm and transmit it through holes 9 in the base plate into deforming containers with mm, then the required press force will be 2200 kN. but the press’s progress is increasing. Therefore, the proposed

the design of the device provides the processing of several blanks on a press of lower power, i.e. increased productivity and cheaper equipment. In addition, the force kN

it is already perceived by the power frame of the device, and not by the press frame, which only accepts kN force. "

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position, the press slider and the movable yoke 7 are lifted, the pullers 13 and the wedge 11 are moved to the extreme rear

position from the axis of the device using hydraulic cylinders. In the container 5, the conical billets 19 are loaded in an assembly with split sleeves 17. Then the hydraulic cylinders 12 (see, Fig. 4) lower the yoke 7 to close the ends of the forming punches 14 and 15, as shown in Fig. 3. In this case

forming punches 14 and 15 are inserted with a slight tension into the conical end parts of the blanks 19 and reliably seal their internal cavities, preventing the ingress of liquid from the outside during deformation. At the same time, the plungers with forming punches 14 are sealed reliably with their seals; cavity of containers 5. Docking of ends of forming punches is a signal for turning on wedges. mechanisms.

The hydraulic cylinders enter the wedge 11 between the cross beams 6 and 7. Then a command is issued to move the slider down and at the same time the pump is turned on to pump the working fluid 21 into the cavity of the container A through the channel 2 of the plunger 1. The plunger 1, moving down in the channel of the container 4, fluid and fluid pressure in containers increases. When the specified fluid pressure is reached, the workpiece is deformed and its inner surface completely repeats the profile of the closed forming punches 14 and 15. During the deformation, the liquid that entered the cavity of the workpieces 19 during loading is squeezed out through the holes 16 in the forming punches (see Fig. 3 ) In this way, good profile filling is always achieved. After reaching the nominal fluid pressure, the electric contact pressure gauge of the press gives a command to return the slide. The press slider moves upward with the plunger 1 and the pressure of the liquid in the containers drops to atmospheric. In the initial position of the press slider, a signal is given and the hydraulic cylinders of the wedge mechanisms are turned on. The wedge 11 is removed from the space between the yokes 6 and 7 and gives a signal to turn on the hydraulic cylinders 12. The hydraulic cylinders 12 raise the yoke 7 and stop at an intermediate position, in which the grooves 18 of the detachable bushings 17 coincide in height with the pullers 13. Then, a command is given to turning on the hydrocylinders of the pullers 13, which, moving to the axis of the device, enter the grooves 18 of the detachable sleeves 17, after which the command to move up the hydraulic cylinders 12 is again issued and the products 20 are removed from the upper forming punches 14. The traverse 7 occupies The starting position and puller hydraulic cylinders are engaged in a reverse stroke. The articles 20 together with the bushings 17 are taken out of the press zone and dumped into the drive from which they are fed to a special station, where they are automatically freed from the split sleeves 1.7. The split sleeves 17, the number of which is larger than the number of containers 5, are automatically collected with the blanks 19 and fed into drive to the press. Now that the products have been removed from the press zone and all the elements of the device are in their original positions, a new batch of workpieces with split sleeves is loaded into containers 5 and the deformation cycle is repeated.

Thus, several products are produced at once in one stroke of the press with high quality filling of the mold from the case, and a press of lesser force is used. To ensure reliable removal of products from containers 5, it is necessary that, after deformation, they always remain upward at the punches 14, removed from the punch 15. For this, the force

0 removal from the punch 14 should be greater than from the punch 15. To increase the removal force from the punch 14, small annular grooves 0.3-0.5 mm deep are made on the head of the punch above its shank.

5 which the metal flows during deformation, and in the punch head 15 these grooves are not made. When removed from the punch 14 of the article 20, as a rule, the grooves in the product are smoothed. In addition, the articles 0 in the cup area are machined to a bearing seating plant.

Claims (2)

1. A device for producing hollow articles from tubular billets, comprising a bed with a deforming container with a working fluid, forming punches, one of which is connected to the drive of its axial displacement, and a detachable matrix, as well as a high-pressure container with a plunger and a hydraulic system connecting the cavity of the containers, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity for 5 by automatically maintaining the liquid level and improving the quality of products, it is equipped with a traverse rigidly connected to the drive punch and freely covering the plunger of the high-pressure container, a locking wedge mechanism installed with the ability to move and periodically simultaneously contact with the traverse and the bed, the puller and the return a valve, while radial and axial holes are made on the forming punches, the diameter of the high-pressure container is less than the diameter of the deforming container, and in An axial channel is made in its plunger, in which a check valve is mounted. 2. The device according to claim 1, with the proviso that, in order to increase productivity, it is provided with at least one additional deforming 5 container with a puller structurally identical to the main container.