RU1806486C - Eroded slope fixation method - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: agriculture / and forestry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: On the eroded. Slope section 1, in its upland part, access roads are arranged in the form of a dredging-fill terrace 6. On it, the bulldozer drives to the bottom from the inter-space and moves to the foot of the XZ slope, the inter-space being processed along the profile. At the foot of the slope, the bulldozer picks up a complete dump of soil and feeds it into the channel of erosion formation 2. Then the bulldozer moves up the mastered watershed and proceeds to the formation of the next bottom dam 4, taking soil for this from the trench. And so on to the very top of erosion formation. After the construction of the bottom dams, the surface of inter-rotation spaces is profiled and deeply cultivate loosely. Desocultural terrace-shaped platforms are arranged on loosened areas 5. Then the cloth of the upper terrace is cleaned 6. In spring, reclamation crops are planted on the bottom dams and terrace-shaped platforms. 4 ill. ate with

Description

fu. 4

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and forestry, in particular to methods of securing eroded slopes, and can be used in protective and recreational afforestation.

The aim of the invention is to increase the specific area of development and the effectiveness of the fixation of eroded lands when creating reclamation-recreational plantations by improving the conditions for the growth of plants,

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the eroded slope before assimilation, a top view; in FIG. 2 - the same, after the construction of the lower dams; in FIG. 3 - the same, after the cascade of dams in the channels of erosion formations; in FIG. 4 - the same, after the implementation of forestry areas in the inter-space spaces and the construction of a dredging-bulk terrace in the upland part.

In FIG. Figures 1-4 show: 1 - the mastered slope, 2 - erosion formation, 3 - excavation of the soil in the inter-space (trench), 4 - the bottom of the dam (dam), 5 - forest-cultivating area, 6 - excavated-filled terrace.

The proposed method for securing eroded slopes is as follows.

On the eroded slope section 1, in its upland part, access roads are arranged in the form of a excavation and embankment terrace 6. On it, an earth moving machine (bulldozer) drives into one of the inter-air spaces. The blade of the machine is transferred by the bulldozer from the tractor cab to the working position. With the shovel lowered, the excavation unit moves to the foot of the slope, profile along the processed inter-space. At the foot of the slope, the bulldozer picks up a complete soil dump and feeds it into the channel of erosion formation 2. After that, the digging unit is fed by the bulldozer somewhat up the mastered watershed and proceeds to the formation of the next dam (bottom dam) 4, taking soil for this from the ditch 3 (trench) And so on to the very top of erosion formation.

Then, the bulldozer rises to the terrace and is fed into the next inter-rotation space, where the bottom dams are re-equipped in the previously developed erosion channel by supplying soil from another watershed and forming new ones in the neighboring ravine.

After the bottom dams are arranged, the surface of the inter-space spaces is profiled by an earth moving machine and subjected to a deep dump

5 loosening, Forest-cultivated terrace-shaped platforms are arranged on loosened areas with a bulldozer or tiller-gatherer 5. At the end of soil preparation, the area being developed is carried out by cleaning the canvas of the upper terrace 6.

Then, in early spring, reclamation crops are planted on bottom dams and terrace-shaped platforms.

The developed method of fixing

5 eroded slopes were tested in 1989 on a 1.1 ha site. The eroded area is represented by a southeastern exposure with a steepness of 13-32 °. The thickness of the soil cover varies from 0 to 30

0 cm. The soil of Korichnevskaya forest is very stony (more than 50% of stones and crushed stone). The underlying rock is shale with interlayers of dense sandstone 11–20 cm thick. Wood, shrubbery and grassy vegetation are absent in a significant part of the developed area. There are only isolated specimens of overgrown fluffy oak, hold tree, large-fruited rafts, and the like.

0 Erosion formations have a depth of 5-13 m and a width along the upper edges of the slopes is 25-38 m.

On the allotted area along the extreme watershed with a steepness of 13-17 °

5 access road with a universal bulldozer D-493A. In the upper part of the territory under development, a horizontal track was hung with an eclimeter and the line was fixed with hangers. Along the drawn line with the same

0 a bulldozer cut a dredging-embankment terrace. A bulldozer with a non-rotating direct shovel D-535 was driven into the arranged terrace and drove into one of the watersheds on the site. The shovel descended by the machine operator into the working position and the digging unit moved down the slope, profile the inter-space being processed. Then, at the lower mark of the watershed, the beds of adjacent ravines were filled. To do this, the bulldozer feeds the cut soil from the inter-space into an erosion formation by its working body. In this case,

55 formation of a bulk dam (bottom dam) in its channel. After strip-laying the coast of one ravine, the digging unit forms a bulk dam in the adjacent erosion formation adjacent to the first.

Then the bulldozer moves slightly up the slope of the inter-space and proceeds to the construction of the next dams and so on to the very top of the slope being developed or the cut terrace. Then, with the earth-moving machine, secondary planning of the developed watersheds is carried out, and then construction of the excavation-fill areas of the terrace-shaped profile in the same sequence as the bottom dams - from bottom to top - after deep subsurface loosening of the soil in the cleared strips (trenches) of inter-space ORN-2,5 cultivator in the unit with T-140G. After that, the digging unit drives into the next inter-space and proceeds to the formation of dams and sites in the same sequence and so on throughout the mastered area.

In the spring of 1990, Crimean pine seedlings were planted on the prepared terrace-shaped platforms and bottom dams under the Kolesov sword.

This embodiment of the method allows to increase the specific area of development of the eroded area by 30-40%. At the same time, the formation of forest areas along the bottom of the cut trenches will increase the concentration of soil moisture to the planted

plants, which improves the conditions for their growth. On the other hand, the combination of bottom dams along the channel of temporary streams with terraced forest culture areas along the watersheds increases their stability and organizes a system of fire breaks and walkways for forest workers.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method for securing eroded slopes, including securing a ravine channel by forming a cascade of dams along its bottom by cutting a soil from both banks of a fixed ravine and planting reclamation crops on the bottom dams, characterized in that, in order to increase the specific development area and the effectiveness of fixing eroded lands during the creation of meliorative and recreational plantations by improving the conditions of plant growth, the soil is cut from adjacent to the fixed ravine odorazdelov, formed at a part of the space mezhovrazhnogo trench bottom is so deep friable and arrange them silvicultural vyemoch- but bulk-terraced grounds, on the canvas that further reclamation planted culture.