SU1575955A1 - Method of preparing soil under perennial stand on stone slopes - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the preparation of seats, increase the specific area of development of steep slopes on thin soils, as well as increase productivity. Access roads are being constructed to the site to be mastered, and preliminary deep shrouded soil is being loosened along the slope. Then, the lowest path is marked and a bulk roll is constructed along its lower edge, after which the tracks are marked along the whole slope from bottom to top. After the completion of work on the formation on the slope of the bulk rolls, excavation-bulk tarraces are constructed from top to bottom, and the material for the loosened soil of the bulk shaft and the adjacent part of the slope are used for this. Thereafter, a deep, bottomless loosening of the terrace fabric is carried out again to a depth sufficient to partially destroy the dense rock at the base of the excavation shaft. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of preparing seats on steep slopes with thin stony soils.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the preparation of seats, increase the specific area of development of steep slopes on thin soils, as well as increase the productivity of gy.

FIG. 1 shows a section of a slope being mastered after a continuous, deep, bottomless soil loosening, a longitudinal section1; FIG. 2 - bulk shafts formed from loosened soil along the length of the tracks marked for the terraces, cross section; in fig. 3 - excavation-bulk terraces, formed from bulk rolls and loose soil, cross-section.

FIG. 1-3, the following notation is accepted: 1 — the geological formation is dense, on a developed slope; 2 - loosened layer of soil; 3 - bulk shaft

formed from previously loosened soil; 4 - excavation-terrace, formed from previously loosened soil; 5 is a cross-section of a terrace with loosened soil on its canvas.

The method is carried out as follows.

Initially, access roads to the site to be mastered are constructed and a preliminary continuous deep landless loosening of the soil along the slope 2 is effected. Then, the lowest route (strip) under the earthen mound terrace is laid out and the bulk shaft 3 is formed from the loose soil along its lower edge. After that, proceed to marking the next route and the formation on it of the next bulk shaft. The width of the route is set in accordance with the width of the future excavation-bulk terraces. After completion of the formation of bulk rolls on the slope, the construction of

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excavation terraces 4. This work is performed in the opposite direction, i.e., verification down the slope. Terraces at first placed at the tops of the shafts. After that, it is given a reverse slope of up to 6 ° and s is subjected to deep rootless loosening 5 with partial destruction of the dense rock at the bottom of the excavating slope.

Example. Under the experiment they take a plot (area 1, 2 hectares) on the native bank of the river. The coast is composed of shallow-marl rocks and is covered with thin (15-25 cm) sod-calcareous soil. The steepness of the coast is 18-23 °. The area is almost completely devoid of vegetation.

bath root layer directly on the canvas terraces. This is exactly what ensures the creation of a qualitatively new, more powerful and fertile root-inhabiting layer in the places of planting on steep slopes (shores) with small stony soils.

Upon completion of construction of the excavation-fill terraces, their canvas with the help of the universal bulldozer D-492 is given a reverse slope of 5-6 °, and then it is processed to a depth of 50-60 with a ripper D-162A with a full set of loosening paws.

The application of the method allows for warning of the approach to the site and the preparation of water erosion on the osvai-dozer D-492. Soil at the site of loose land; Ensure favorable ltterly, from top to bottom soil for plants, hydrological conditions to a depth of 50-60 cm with a D-I62A cultivator and thereby increase their current unit with a T-100M tractor by 50%. At the same time, to increase growth, increase the specific area

the elimination of blocking the gun with inverted stones and ensuring a predetermined depth of loosening in D-162A remove the second and fourth loosening teeth. In the process of loosening steep banks with shallow rocky soil, and also to increase the productivity of tractor units at the construction of terraces by 1.5 times.

The proposed method compared with the known provides the best results.

Partial planing of the surface is carried out. Thereafter,

The proposed method compared with the known provides the best results.

laying the lowest track 5 m wide 25 preparing steep slopes (shores) with melpod; washing out and filling terrace; The bulk roll is formed by the MP-2 skidder-collector along the bottom edge of the route for its entire length from loose soil. At the same time, the MP-2 is moved from top to bottom along the slope with a lowered blade, i.e. in the working position, which selects from the previously loosened layer of soil-ground about breaking the source rock (within the intended route) and moves them into the formed shaft. The source rock was sampled with additional loosening of the upper layer of the soil-shaft. The shaft is poured in such a way that its top is at the same height as the upper edge of the intended route (with fluctuations of ± 15 cm). In the same way, they pave all the other routes up the coast, and bulk shafts are formed on them.

Spout terraces are constructed successively from top to bottom along the coast within the designated routes using the D-492 bulldozer. At the same time, the construction of the terrace gel on the outer (bulk) slope of the terrace is initially performed at the top of the bulk shaft. Important in this technology is that the previously loosened soil during the construction of the terraces is not moved to the dump (bulk slope), as is the case with the construction of the excavation-bulk terraces according to the known technology, and spend on backfilling the grooves in front of the bulk. rampant and on forirochny stony soils for perennial plantings

The seats prepared in this way make it possible to exclude the expensive and energy-consuming method of enrichment of the stone-stony substrate, i.e., "grounding," from the technological process of preparation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 35 40 The method of preparing the soil for perennial plantations on stony slopes, including marking the tracks, forming excavation and fill terraces and giving the canvas a reverse slope, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the preparation of the seats, increase the specific area of development of steep slopes on thin soils, and also, productivity increases, first along the slope, continuous solid bottom-up loosening of the soil and soil is performed, and then the marking of the tracks from the bottom upwards along the slope, and on each track from the gap the bulk soil forms a loose soil, and the excavation-bulk terraces are formed from top to bottom, while for each of them they don’t use the loosened soil of the bulk shaft and the adjacent slope, and then deeply loosen the terrace canvas with partial destruction of the underlying solid rock at the base of the excavation slope. bath root layer directly on the canvas terraces. This is exactly what ensures the creation of a qualitatively new, more powerful and fertile root-inhabiting layer in the places of planting on steep slopes (shores) with small stony soils. Upon completion of construction of the excavation-fill terraces, their canvas with the help of the universal bulldozer D-492 is given a reverse slope of 5-6 °, and then it is processed to a depth of 50-60 with a ripper D-162A with a full set of loosening paws. The application of the method allows to prevent the occurrence of water erosion in the area under development; ensure soil-hydrological conditions favorable for plants and thereby increase their current growth by 50%, increase the specific area  To cause the occurrence of water erosion in the area under development; ensure soil-hydrological conditions favorable for plants and thereby increase their current growth by 50%, increase the specific area the development of steep banks with shallow rocky soil, and also to increase the productivity of tractor units for the construction of terraces by 1.5 times. The proposed method in comparison with the known provides the best results.  preparation of steep slopes (shores) with small stony soils for perennial plantations The seats prepared in this way make it possible to exclude the expensive and energy-consuming method of enrichment of the stone-stony substrate, i.e., "grounding" from the technological process of preparation. Invention Formula 0 The method of preparing the soil for perennial plantations on stony slopes, including marking the tracks, forming excavation and fill terraces and giving the canvas a reverse slope, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the preparation of the seats, increase the specific area of development of steep slopes on thin soils, and also productivity increases, first along the slope a continuous deep bottomless soil loosening is carried out, and then - the marking of the tracks from the bottom upwards along the slope, and on each track from the gap a loose soil is formed by a bulk shaft, and excavation-bulk terraces are formed from top to bottom, while for each of them they do not use the loosened soil of the bulk shaft and the adjacent slope section, after which they carry out a deep trenchless loosening of the terrace canvas with partial destruction of the underlying solid rock at the base of the excavation slope. 1 Thebes. 2 Fig.z