RU1799968C - Method for forming suspended shell of hyperbolic paraboloid shape - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the construction of lightweight quick-build coatings for various purposes. From individual strips made of shear-hard sheet material, a flat panel is assembled in its plane. The strips are overlapped along the long sides and connected at the corners in the overlap zone using bolts or similar parts so that the strips can rotate relative to each other in the plane of the panel. In this case, the nodes of the strip connections are arranged along arcs facing each other with the greatest arrow in the vicinity of the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel. Then the panel is shaped like a hyphen, the output of one of its corners from the plane of the others and the edges of the panel are stretched. The shaping is carried out due to the flat joint of the strips and the possibility of twisting them; relative to the longitudinal axes. 6 ill. Yo

Description

The invention relates to construction and is intended to create coatings for various purposes, in particular quick-erected, light agricultural coatings (shelters for sheltering grain, machinery, etc.), temporary structures for entertainment events, retail outlets, and the like.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the scope of application due to the possibility of using inelastic sheet material, increasing the reliability of the shell and simplifying manufacture.

Figure 1 shows a flat panel; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; in Fig. 3 - node 1, in Fig. 1; Figures 4 and 5 show plan and facade, respectively; Fig.6 is the final view of the formed shell of the hypar. The supporting structures are conventionally not shown.

On a flat site, the initial panel (Figs. 1 and 2) is assembled from rolled sheet metal in the form of strips 1. Their shape is not necessarily. Rectangular. When assembling the panel, adjacent strips are placed in such a way that they overlap each other along the long sides and connect them in the corners (Fig. 3), for example, using bolts 2. Flat washers included in one another can be used to fasten the strips large diameters (not shown) and other similar compounds. In any case, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of mutual rotation of the fastened strips. In the assembled panel, the knots of fastening the strips are located along arcs 3 facing

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bulge to each other, with the largest arrow in the middle of the edge of the panel. This is due to the cutting of the initial web of the sheets followed by shaping of the hypar shell.

It should be noted that for small coatings it is possible to assemble the panel and then roll it at the place of manufacture (i.e., in the factory), and not at the construction site. This circumstance contributes to improving the quality of installation work.

After the initial web has been formed, support elements of the strut and braces are attached to its corners, which are also attached to foundations (not shown).

. The next step is bringing the racks (corners of the panel) to the design position with stretching the edges of the panel and controlling the tension in the guy lines.

Due to the flat-hinged connection of the strips and the possibility of twisting them relative to the longitudinal axes, the hypar shell is formed. In this case, there is a different overlap of 4 (crawl) of adjacent edges of the strips on each other. Dismantling the shell, if necessary, is performed in the reverse order.

After the formation of the hypar, it is possible to connect adjacent stripes of the fabric by welding, gluing or other means.

The issues of hydro- and thermal insulation can be solved in various ways, for example, by laying on the casing a waterproofing film or other material. You can also place a plastic film between the stripes of the cloth when they alternate from above and below with respect to the film. In order to provide thermal insulation, it is possible to arrange two or more layer shells with filling the space between them with insulating material.

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Claims (1)

The use of the described method of forming a shell allows to expand the scope of such constructions due to the use of a material with non-plastic properties. By eliminating the plastic strains unavoidable in the prototype, the reliability of the manufactured shells is improved. Manufacturing is greatly simplified since the use of corrugation mechanisms is not required; welding, fabrication and installation of support loop structures are excluded. Among the other advantages of the method, it should also be noted that the cost of transportation 5 is reduced due to the simplification of the roll-up of the initial sheet material and the possibility of dismantling the structure with its reuse. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of forming a hanging shell in the form of a hyperbolic paraboloid from a sheet material rigid in shear in its plane, comprising mutually rotating its portions in the plane of the sheet material, deriving one of the four corners of the latter from the plane of its remaining angles, followed by fixing all the angles to the supports; characterized in that, in order to expand the scope of application due to the possibility of using non-ductile sheet material, to increase reliability and simplify the manufacture of shells The pile is initially assembled from separate overlapping strips along the long sides and connected at the corners of the strips in the overlap zone with the possibility of rotation of adjacent strips relative to each other in the plane of the sheet material, with the connection nodes of the half $ s being placed along arcs facing convex to each other c1 with the largest arrow in the middle part of the corresponding edge of the sheet material, and when one of the corners of the sheet material is removed from its plane, its edges are stretched. 0 5 0 5 0 5 / G 7