RU1796749C - Modular building - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the construction of buildings of modular design, providing a reduction in material consumption and the complexity of installation and improvement of operating conditions. Piles are vertically fixed at the bottom of the reservoir. Attached to them are underwater block containers and a lifting device that provides vertical movement of underwater block containers along piles. The surface block containers are located on the pontoon and are interconnected by a gallery and with the underwater block containers - movable tunnel sections docked with the fixed tunnel sections attached to the surface and underwater block containers. 5 il ..

Description

with C

The invention relates to the construction, in particular, to the construction of modular elements of buildings of various functional purposes.

It is known that a building of modular construction is assembled from separate block containers, and special channels are provided between the containers during assembly for supplying heated air, which washed the walls of the container, into the building through box sections through diffusion nozzles.

However, in this building, for the installation of special air supply channels, it is necessary to install containers at a certain distance from each other, which reduces the useful volume of the building and increases its dimensions. In addition, the ducts formed between the containers during installation require careful sealing, which increases the complexity of mounting and dismantling the building.

A modular building is also known, consisting of block containers mounted on foundations forming a corridor covered by a roof structure supported by block containers. The building is equipped with an air supply system. made in the form of central and radial collectors; located in the corridor under the roof made of U-shaped plates, and the frame elements of each block container are hollow with slotted slots having adjusting dampers and are connected to the air supply system by radial collectors.

Since the block containers in the known building structure are rigidly connected with centX |

u o xi

4 Yu

ral corridor, the possibility of changing their spatial orientation relative to the corridor is excluded. In addition, the corridor eliminates the possibility of displacement of container containers in a vertical plane, which reduces the technical capabilities of the building and is its main drawback ... „it

The closest in nature and the effect achieved, taken as a prototype, is a building of modular construction located on the surface of the reservoir, including vertical supports fixed to the bottom of the reservoir and sealed underwater attached to them and with both the doorway and it. The rooms are connected by a tunnel. The building has a surface gallery attached to vertical supports, utilities installed in the tunnel and a lifting device. :; : .--.;.: -. . .. . .

The main disadvantages of the known building are its material consumption, due to the presence of a surface gallery, the complexity of installation due to the location of the building on the water surface and the impossibility of changing the spatial position of the underwater rooms, which complicates the operating conditions of the building.

. The aim of the invention is to reduce the material consumption of the building and reduce the complexity of its installation and improve the operating conditions of the building.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the well-known building of modular construction, located on the surface of the reservoir and including vertical supports fixed to the bottom of the reservoir, sealed underwater rooms with window and door openings, a tunnel connecting the rooms to each other, utilities installed in a tunnel, a lifting device and a surface gallery attached to vertical supports, the building is equipped with additional vertical supports installed at a distance from the main supports p, a pontoon and surface rooms placed thereon, attached to additional vertical supports and to the gallery. Vertical supports are made in the form of piles, and all rooms are in the form of block containers, underwater of which and lifting devices are attached to the piles with the possibility of vertical movement of underwater block containers along the piles. The tunnel is located in the plan between the underwater and surface blocks-containers and is formed of movable and

fixed sections, movable from koto-. The first ones are made of flexible material with steps and a handrail placed inside them, while the fixed ones are rigidly attached to the sides of the surface and underwater block containers facing each other. The building should be located on the water surface of sea bays, lakes, artificial reservoirs and used mainly as medical institutions, rest houses, educational institutions of the corresponding profile.

Figure 1 shows a general view of the proposed building; figure 2 is a view of the movable

5 block containers on the tunnel side; in Fig.Z is a longitudinal section of the tunnel with its horizontal arrangement; figure 4 is the same, with an inclined arrangement; figure 5 is a top view of

0 proposed building.

The proposed building of modular construction is located on the water surface of 1 water area of the sea harbor, lake, artificial reservoir. The building consists of

5 interlocked and mounted on a vertical support 5 (hereinafter; piles 5) of block containers 3 (hereinafter: blocks 3). Surface blocks 3 are equipped with pontoons 2 or other swimming means, which ensures their

0 keeping afloat and simplifies trans. porting to the installation site. Underwater

 blocks 3 do not have pontoons 2 and are attached with the possibility of movement in the vertical plane to additional piles 5,

5 installed at a distance from the main piles 5. Underwater blocks 3 are interconnected by a flexible tunnel 4, Near the surface blocks 3 there is a surface gallery 6, under which a grid 7 is installed,

0 the purpose of which is shown below.

In piles 5 there are longitudinal grooves (not shown in the drawings) into which the protrusions 7 of blocks 3 enter, and the stops 8 prevent a spontaneous exit

5 protrusions 7 from grooves of piles 5,

The tunnel 4 is made of corrugated material, which allows its size (length) to be changed and partially or completely bent in a horizontal plane. Tunnel 4.

0 is attached to the underwater blocks 3 at the locations of the doorways. Similar openings 9 are in the tunnel 4 at the places of its docking with the blocks 3. Inside the tunnel 4, to its frame TO, steps 11 are attached

5 and handrail 12 Inside the tunnel 4 is also located engineering communication 13. When changing the spatial orientation of the tunnel 4, the steps 11 and handrail 12 are transformed in accordance with the bending angle

tunnel 4. This is possible due to the fact that the mentioned elements of the tunnel -4 are attached to each link of the frame 10 independently. Compensation of the length of the engineering communication 1 by changing the length of the tunnel 4 is carried out by means of loops 14 in the piping and cable system.

A further summary of the invention is explained in conjunction with the npi / socket for mounting and operating the proposed modular building. For the construction of the building, a section of any pond 1 adjacent to the coast is selected (see Fig. 5). Then, piles 5 are installed in the bottom soil of the reservoir 1 along the perimeter of the future building (piles 5 are driven into the ground); To piles 5 from the outer rtoron (remote from the coastline), supra-abdominal blocks 3 on pontoons 2 are attached. The surface units 3 are mounted close to each other and can be combined into rooms without internal partitions or connected by a common corridor. A gallery 6 can be used as a common corridor for surface blocks 3. Submarine blocks 3 are mounted on additional piles 5 and connected to each other by a tunnel 4. The lowering and raising of underwater blocks 3 can be carried out by any known method, for example, mechanical (via electric drive) or pneumatic (inflatable elements). From the outside, the building is enclosed by a net 7 located under the water. Grid 7 provides a water pool in the building’s inner water area, in which a beach, aquarium, dolphinarium can be located, fenced from the rest (external) of the reservoir 1, which eliminates the appearance of third-party objects, animals, fish in the fenced area and does not interfere with the exchange water.

Depending on the functional purpose, the building is operated as follows. It is known that monitoring the underwater flora and fauna has a calming effect on the human nervous system. The proposed building is being erected on the shore of a lake surrounded by forest planting. Above-water units 3 serve as rooms for receiving patients, common rooms (dining room, cinema hall, etc.) and services necessary for the operation of the building (boiler room, administration, etc.). Patients undergo procedures (psychotherapies) through doorways into underwater blocks 3, which are in the initial state above the water. After sealing the doorways 9, underwater

blocks 3 at piles 5 are lowered down and remain there at the selected depth for any necessary time. The ends 15 of the tunnel are rigidly connected to the surface blocks 3. This allows personnel and patients to enter the underwater blocks 3 to carry out the necessary activities. At the command of the operator from the central console or at the request of the patient from the individual console, any of the underwater units 3 can be raised to the surface of the reservoir. The aquatic area enclosed by mesh 7 is filled with fish, animals, plants for which patients can freely observe through windows (windows) in blocks 3.

The building can be used as: a research laboratory for studying under the water of the World, a testing ground for the practical study and training of underwater boats, a rest house, an educational institution, etc.

Significant: different from the previously known object of the invention lies in the fact that part of the blocks 3 are installed without pontoons .2, are able to move in the vertical direction along additional piles 5 and are interconnected by a flexible tunnel 4. This difference allows you to quickly change the spatial orientation of part of the building blocks 3 without disturbing the relationship with the overall complex. This extends the technical capabilities of the building due to the mobile change of its appearance and expands its functionality due to the location of the underwater units 3 at various varying levels. Blocks 3 at piles 5 can be raised to a higher level than the water surface, as they are equipped with individual lifting mechanisms. None of the known buildings can have the indicated properties, since they do not contain blocks that can change their location without interfering with their functioning and are not interconnected by continuous flexible communication when moving.

An example of a specific implementation. The blocks are used in any known construction and must be hermetically sealed. Reinforced concrete piles are used as guides. The tunnel is made of rubber-fabric material, and its frame is made of steel frames from rods of 20 mm diameter. The underwater blocks are immersed to a depth of 5-6 m. The underwater block is equipped with an individual lifting mechanism in the form of a gear motor, on the drive axis of which a gear is mounted, and on the pile there is a corresponding rack gear. Pontoons are made in the form of box-shaped containers.

The technical advantages of the proposed building, compared with the prototype, include the following:

- the possibility of changing the spatial position of part of the blocks due to the fact that they are not rigidly mounted and are movably connected with piles;

- constant functioning connection of underwater units with surface units due to their combination by a flexible tunnel;

- the ability to quickly change the appearance of the building due to the possibility of changing the spatial orientation of part of the blocks;

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Modular building located on the surface of the reservoir, including vertical supports fixed to the bottom of the reservoir, hermetic underwater rooms attached to them with window and door openings, a tunnel connecting the rooms to each other, a surface gallery attached to vertical supports, engineering communications installed in the tunnel, and a lifting device, characterized in that, in order to reduce the material consumption and the complexity of installation and improve operating conditions, the building is equipped with additional vertical supports installed at a distance from the main 0 5 - simplicity of manufacturing a building due to the fact that it consists of well-known and affordable products and standard components and mechanisms; - the ability to change the spatial orientation of one or a group of blocks by combining them with a flexible tunnel; - the possibility of organizing an internal body of water due to the underwater fence of the building along the perimeter of the grid. The economic effect of the implementation of the invention, compared with the use of the prototype, is obtained by reducing the material consumption and the complexity of the installation of the building and by improving the operating conditions and expanding the functionality of the building of a modular design. supports, a pontoon and surface rooms placed on it, attached to additional supports and to the gallery, all supports made in the form of piles, and all rooms in the form of beams-containers, underwater of which and the lifting device are attached to the piles with the possibility of vertical moving underwater block containers along the piles, the tunnel being located in plan between the underwater and surface block containers and formed from movable and stationary sections, the movable of which are made of flexible material with inside them there are steps and a handrail, and movable ones are rigidly attached to one side of the surface and underwater container blocks facing one another. I / th / . . . V -: -. ....: ..- -: .v. ./: -.:i    ; -: -; -;:; : 2 -.- -; -: -: -v . . .--. .; .-. . - ....  4bi3.