RU1792807C - Spindle head of multioperation machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to machine tools and can be used in the development of turning multi-purpose machines. The device comprises a spindle feed drive mounted on the headstock housing and a mechanism for turning it on. The worm gear of the circular feed drive is spiroid, and the housing of the worm gear and driven belt pulley is fixed to the end of the elastic element, the second end of which is fixed to the headstock body. 3 ill.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to machine tool industry, in particular to the design of a headstock for a turning center.

A known design of a headstock mounted on a bed, comprising a circular feed mechanism for a spindle with a three-stage gearbox, which contains two cylindrical stages that are constantly engaged and a hypoid stage with the possibility of axial movement of the hypoid wheel on the spindle. For input-output gearing with a hypoid worm com The disadvantages of the known devices are the presence of shock loads, low kinetic accuracy, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of the machine and the quality of machining parts.

The known design of the headstock of a multi-purpose lathe, selected as a prototype, which is mounted on a bed, contains a spindle located on the rolling bearings in the housing, a rotation drive of the spindle with a belt drive C

a summer cottage, a spindle circular feed mechanism, including a worm mounted on a spindle and housed in a movable rotary spring-loaded housing with the possibility of periodic engagement with a worm worm wheel, and a circular feed mechanism drive, The disadvantages of this device are the large number of nodes and parts leading to an increase in the dimensions of the machine and its cost, and a decrease in reliability. In addition, the ability of the worm gear is not very high due to the small number of teeth, n schihs move simultaneously in engagement, leading to an insufficiently high positional accuracy of the spindle and circular smooth rotation of the feeder and, as a consequence, to accelerated tool wear and reduced processing quality.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the machine while

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simplifying the design of the headstock.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the spindle head of a turning multi-purpose machine, comprising a spindle mounted on supports in the housing, a circular feed drive spindle with monoblock belt drive and a worm gear, a worm gear that is housed in a separate housing with a driven belt drive pulley, a switching mechanism the circular feed drive, according to the invention, the worm gear is spiroid, the housing of the worm and the driven pulley is fixed at the end of the elastic element introduced into the spindle head, the second end after day fixed to the headstock body,

In FIG. 1 shows a headstock with a circular feed drive in the idle position; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of the operation of a toothed belt drive with a constant center distance,

The headstock of a turning multi-purpose machine contains a spindle 2 located on the rolling bearings in the housing 1, bearing a rigidly fixed link on the shank outside the head housing, consisting of two parts: a pulley 3 and a spyroid wheel 4, mounted on a pulley 3 in a separate housing 5 with a cover 6 The pulley 3 through the V-ribbed belt drive 7 couples the spindle 2 to a high-speed rotation motor (not shown). In the housing 8, mounted on an elastic element - leaf spring 9, a spiroid worm k 10 is mounted in the rolling bearings, the front end 11 of which via pulleys 12 and the toothed belt drive 13 is connected to an adjustable DC motor 14, and the rear end 15 is connected through bellows coupling 16 with feedback sensor 17. The window of the housing 8, combined with the windows in the cover of the bi-housing 5, facilitates unhindered adhesion-disengagement of the spyroid pair, and the seal (not shown) forms a closed β-chamber to create favorable conditions. Lubrication of the spyroid pair 4, 10, thereby eliminating the leakage of lubricant during disengagement couples. The housing 8 has the ability to rotate relative to the place of engagement of the leaf spring 9, mounted on the bracket 18, under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 19, the housing of which is a bore in the bracket 18.

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position (FIG. 8, the spiroid shaft 8 is disengaged from the spiroid wheel 4 and is kept from spontaneously engaging the leaf spring 9 with its own weight and elasticity. If necessary, the spindle 2 is fed in a circular manner, for example, to mill an annular groove at the end face of the workpiece, the cutter rotation drive is activated (not shown). The synchronization of the correct engagement of the spiroid pair 4, 10 at the zero-zero reference point of the positioning of the spindle is ensured by contactless mechanical switches 20 and 21, which enable e pairs in contact with the flags 22 and 23, mounted respectively on the pulleys 24 and 25, respectively. Sensors 20 and 21, coordinating the penetration of the tops of the turns of the spiroid worm 10 into the troughs of the spyroid wheel 4, signal to the valve (not shown), while through 0, pipe B enters under pressure a fluid that moves the stem 26 and overcomes the elasticity of the leaf spring 9, moves the spiroid worm 10 enclosed in the housing 8 5 along the radius relative to the engagement of the spring 9, the displacement gear pulley 24 are also radially, the need for water in gapless engagement gear pair, opposite Ko 0 Heff rod 26 thus opens the rotational speed of the spindle circuit microswitch 27, the microswitch 28 fixes the meshed gear pair, and enables the actuator 5 a circular flow. The machine is ready for operation with a circular feed drive.

When the machine switches to high-speed turning, a signal from the CNC is supplied to the directional control valve (not shown) and a liquid is supplied through pipe B returning current 26 to its original position, and microswitch 27 is activated. When the rod 26 is released from forced pressure, spring 9 returns to the initial position 5 and the microswitch 29, connected in series with the microswitch 27, closes the high-speed spindle rotation circuit. The machine is ready to go.

0 The proposed technical solution makes it possible to exclude from the spindle head the nodes and parts necessary for selecting the gaps when the circular feed mechanism of the spindle is engaged and 5 allows periodic insertion and disengagement of the worm (spyroid) pair due to the rigid zi of the case of a spiroid worm with a leaf spring inserted into the spindle head mounted on an arm

headstock, while the pulley of the toothed belt drive moves while maintaining a constant center-to-center

the distance of the relative pulley stationary mounted on the motor shaft.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Spindle headstock of a turning multi-purpose machine, comprising a spindle, a circular feed spindle drive with a monoblock belt drive and a worm gear, the worm of which is housed in the bearings in a separate housing together with a driven belt drive pulley, a switching mechanism a circular feed drive, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of operation while simplifying the headstock design, the worm gear is spyroid. the housing of the worm and the driven pulley is fixed at the end of the elastic element introduced into the headstock, the second end of which is fixed to the headstock body.