RU1794595C - Device for angular orientation of metal-cutting machine spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to machine tools and can be used in CNC machines for angular orientation of the spindle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The mechanism for periodically connecting an angular orientation actuator is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, the housing of which is swingably connected to the actuator housing

Description

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movement, for example, with the headstock housing, and the stem is swingably coupled to the angular orientation drive housing. In turn, the angular orientation drive housing is coupled to the main motion drive housing rotatably with respect to the last and radial interaction of the output gear. The invention relates to the field of machine tools and can be used in CNC machines for angular orientation of the spindle.

The mechanism for turning and indexing the spindle is known.

In this mechanism, the discrete motion transmission link is made in the form of a cam clutch, one of the coupling halves of which is mounted on the spindle gear hub movably, and the other is rigidly connected to the worm wheel freely mounted on the spindle, to which the worm receives movement from the next drive.

The installation of an additional worm wheel with bearings on the spindle causes increased heating of the spindle at high rotational speeds, temperature deformation, and vibration. In addition, due to the absence of a mechanism controlling the accuracy of reaching the fixed angular position of the spindle and the presence of gaps in the teeth and the movable sleeve of the coupling, high accuracy of the angular orientation is not ensured. All this leads to a decrease in the accuracy of the machined parts.

A device for angular orientation of a spindle of a metal cutting machine is known.

The device comprises a kinematic chain of the drive of the main movement, the last link of which is fixed to the spindle, an angular orientation drive of the spindle with a mechanism for periodically connecting to the kinematic link mounted on the spindle. The mechanism of periodic connection of the angular orientation drive is made in the form of a disk with a longitudinal groove mounted on the last link of the kinematic chain of the main motion drive, a double gear block mounted with the possibility of axial movement and interaction with the angular orientation drive and the last link of the kinematic chain of the main motion drive, as well as double gear probe

of the wheel with the last link of the kinematic chain of the main drive, the device is equipped with a stop 25, limiting the angle of rotation of the angular orientation drive housing, as well as a guide finger and a groove for it, located on the angular orientation drive housing and the main movement drive housing, 5 ill.

unit with the ability to interact with the groove of the disk.

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of the manufacture of parts due to inaccurate orientation of the spindle in the angular position and the low speed of operation.

As is known, the general kinematic accuracy in a gear transmission is ensured by several parameters: the accuracy of gear manufacturing, the accuracy of the center-to-center distance between them and the accuracy (parallelism) of the axle arrangement, i.e. accuracy of coincidence of the working surfaces of the teeth of the wheels.

The known device does not provide optimal overall accuracy of the kinematic chain, because there is no possibility of adjusting the center-to-center distance between the gear wheel mounted on the spindle and the small crown of the gear unit when connected, as well as the inability to adjust the installation of parallelism of the axles of the gears. To ensure each gapless: on the connection of the kinematic chain, taking into account the error in the manufacture of gears (by selecting an individual center-to-center distance) in the spindle head housing, it is practically impossible. Hence the presence of gaps in the gear transmission, which affects the accuracy of manufacturing parts. This is especially pronounced when shaping a part at the time of rotation of the spindle. During operation, as the working surfaces of the gears wear, the play will increase, and the manufacturing accuracy of parts will decrease accordingly.

The device is not fast enough, because The angular orientation actuator is connected axially.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy of workpieces by eliminating backlash in the kinematic chain, as well as to increase speed.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for angular orientation of the spindle of the cutting machine tool, which contains the kinematic drive circuit of the main movement, the last link of which is mounted on the spindle, the drive is angular orientation of the spindle with a mechanism for periodic connection to the kinematic link mounted on the spindle, the mechanism of periodic connection of the drive angular orientation is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, the housing of which is swingably connected to the main drive housing, for example, with a spindle head housing, and a swing rod connected to the angular orientation drive housing. In turn, the angular orientation drive housing is connected to the main drive drive housing with the possibility of rotation relative to the last and radial interaction of the output gear with the last link of the kinematic drive circuit of the main movement. The device is equipped with a stop that limits the angle of rotation of the angular orientation drive housing, as well as a guide pin and a groove for it, located on the angular orientation drive housing and the main motion drive housing.

In FIG. 1 is a kinematic diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 is a section bb in FIG. 2;. In fig. 5 is a section GG in FIG. 3.

A device for angular orientation of the spindle of a metal cutting machine comprises a main drive (rotational) spindle drive 1, a mechanical gear 2, a gear 3 which is rigidly located on the spindle 4, a movable gear block 5 of the gear 2, a gear 6, rigidly located on the spindle and located the outside of the headstock spindle housing, the drive 7 angular orientation of the spindle, the output gear 8 of the drive of the angular orientation.

An bracket 10 is mounted on the housing 9 of the spindle headstock, in the holes of which sleeves 11 are mounted. In the sleeves 11, an axis 12 connected to the housing 13 of an angular orientation drive is based on rotation. A bracket 14 is fixed on the housing 13 of the angular orientation drive, and a bracket 15 is fixed on the housing 9 of the spindle headstock.

The mechanism for periodically connecting the angular orientation drive includes a hydraulic cylinder 16 with a piston 17 and a rod 18. The hydraulic cylinder is closed by flanges

19 and 20 with entrances to the cavities 21 and 22. In the bracket 14 connected to the housing 13 of the angular orientation drive, an axis 23 is mounted on which the stem 18 is based. In the 5 bracket 15 connected to the housing 9 of the headstock spindle, an axis 24 is mounted on which based flange 20. On the body 9 of the headstock spindle is an emphasis 25, designed to interact with

0 by the angular orientation drive body 13 when the gears 6 and 8 are engaged. The exact location of the stop 25 is determined during assembly and set as follows: the gears are engaged

5 6 and 8 with an optimal center-to-center distance, an emphasis 25 is brought to the end of the housing 13 and fixed in this position.

A bracket 26 is mounted on the bracket 15, having a groove for engaging with a guide pin 27 secured to the angular orientation actuator housing 13. Planck 26 is installed during assembly as follows. Enter the gear mesh gears b and 8 with precise

5 by coincidence of the working surfaces of the teeth (i.e., their axes were parallel). After that, the bar is set so that the side surfaces of the groove of the bar are parallel to the surfaces of the guide pin 27

0 and is attached to the bracket. A bracket 28 is attached to the bracket 15, in which the limit switches 29 and 30 are installed, and on the case 13 there are flags 31 and 32, which act on the limit switches

5 29 and 30 when gearing and disengaging gears 6 and 8.

The spindle 4 is set to zero when assembled as follows.

0. Using the threading sensor, the spindle 4 with the gear 6 is set to zero. The gear 8 is engaged with the gear 6 and at this position the gears

With 5 wheels, the angular orientation drive feedback sensor is set to zero.

The device operates as follows.

0 A command is sent from the CNC device to drive 1 to set spindle 4 to zero. In the initial position of the device, the gear unit 5 is engaged with the spindle gear 3

5 4, and the output gear 8 of the angular orientation drive is disengaged from the gear 6. At the same time, the drive 7 is instructed by the CNC to set the gear 8 to its zero position. Drive 1, having received a command from the CNC,

starts to rotate, and with it through the belt drive and gears of the gearbox 2 and the spindle 4, which with the gear 6 from the threading sensor (not shown) is set to zero. Drive 7, upon receipt of a command, begins to rotate. Through the gears 33, 34, 35, 36, the gear 8 begins to rotate, which from the feedback sensor (not shown) of the actuator 7 is set to its zero position. After the spindle is set to zero, the feedback from this feedback sensor is instructed by a mechanism (not shown) to move the gear unit 5 to the right. As soon as the gear unit is out of engagement with the spindle gear 3, the limit switch will lock this position (not shown shown). Since the spindle 4 with the gear wheel 6 and the gear wheel 8 are already in the zero position (their positions are controlled by the thread cutting sensor and the feedback sensor, while the protrusions and troughs of the teeth of the gears 6 and 8 coincide, their coincidence does not require accuracy, since the tip of the tooth protrusion of one wheel is set against a wide part of the cavity of the other), then from the end switch (not shown) the end of movement of the gear unit 5 is given a command to supply fluid to the cavity 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 16. The piston 17 with the rod 13 P moving to the left, through the axis 23, the bracket 14 begins to rotate the housing 13 with the axis 12 in the holes of the bushings 11. In this case, the guide pin 27 moves into the groove of the bar 26. The rotation of the housing 13 is carried out until it stops against the stop 25 , which indicates the engagement of the gears 6 and 8. At this moment, the flag 31 acts on the limit switch 29, which will give the command for further processing of the part from the drive 7 of the angular orientation of the spindle (in milling mode).

After operating in milling mode, it is required to return to turning mode again.

The spindle 4 gives a stop command from the CNC device (in this case, not

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Device for angular orientation of a spindle of a metal cutting machine, comprising a kinematic chain of a drive of the main movement, the last link of which it needs to be set to zero), the spindle stops and fluid flows into the cavity 22 of the hydraulic cylinder 16. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 16 with the flange 20 held by the bracket 15 and the axis 24 in the same position, only swinging on the axis 24, and the piston 17 and the rod 18 are moved to the right and through the axis 23 and the bracket 14 push the housing 13. After the piston 17 rests against the end of the flange 19, the movement stops, the gear 8 disengages from the gear 6. At this point, the flag 32 acts on the limit switch 30, which gives the command to move the gear unit 5 to the left until the spindle is connected to the gear wheel 3, the moment of the connection of the gear unit 5 to the gear 3 will lock the end switch (not shown); which will give the command for further processing of the part in the turning mode. The device provides high precision manufacturing of parts, because excludes backlash in the gear from the angular orientation drive to the spindle and ensures that the spindle is held in a precisely positioned position. Thanks to the ability to adjust the center distance the output gears and the parallelism of the working surfaces of their teeth, the optimum accuracy of the installation of the gears, and therefore the accuracy of the angular orientation of the spindle, is achieved. the accuracy of gearing of the gears will be maintained throughout the entire service life, since the wear of their surfaces during operation can be compensated by installing the stop 25 in a new position, providing optimal center-to-center distance. The described device also provides high performance, because it does not require the spindle to return to the zero position when switching from the milling mode to the turning one, and constructively engages the gear wheel of the angular orientation drive with the output gear mounted on the spindle, in radial direction. mounted on a spindle, an angular orientation drive of the spindle with a mechanism for periodically connecting to a kinematic link mounted on a spindle, characterized in that, for the purpose of increasing the accuracy of manufacturing parts by eliminating backlashes in the kinematic chain and increasing speed, the mechanism of periodic connection of the angular orientation drive is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, the housing and rod of which are swingably connected to the main motion drive housing and the angular orientation drive housing, and the angular orientation drive housing is connected with the drive housing of the main movement with the possibility of rotation relative to the last and radial interaction of the output gear An ode to the angular orientation with the last link in the kinematic chain of the main drive, the device being provided with a limiter for the angle of rotation of the angular orientation drive housing made in the form of a finger and a groove, which are arranged to interact with the angular orientation drive housing and the main drive housing. Fig .- / . 5 FIG. Ј yr