RU1792586C - Method for separate root crop harvesting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to methods for harvesting mainly fodder and sugar beets. The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency. A method for separately harvesting root crops involves simultaneously forming the tops to form a roll by digging a portion of the rows of root crops with the tops cut and moving them to unearthed rows. After this, the root crops of the rows on which the swath is formed are excavated and harvested. 5 ill.

Description

. The invention relates to the field of agricultural MaiunHOcfpoeHMa. in particular to methods for harvesting root crops,

 mainly fodder and sugar beets.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the harvesting of tops with the simultaneous digging out of a part of the rows that impede the passage of technological machines; nafig 2-also, with a device for

- digging out part of the rows behind the rear wheels of the tractor; in Fig.Z is a diagram of the harvesting of root crops. Fig. 4 is a side view of a device for digging out part of the rows and displacing the root crop in uncleaned, with cut tops of rows; figure 5 is the same. view from above .

The leaf-harvesting unit has leaf-cutting and transporting devices (shown in FIG. 1 ye). In front of the front wheels 1 of the tractor 2, frontally relative to the top-cutting device and symmetrically the tractor line 2 of the tractor 2, place it on the machine 3 to dig out part of the rows and shift the root crops to un-harvested rows, which consists of right and left one-sided spherical disco copes 4 and 5, installed in the place of digging of rows and displacement of root crops, which impede the passage of movers of vehicles for harvesting boles and arperdTOB top-root tractors. Kopachi 4 and 5 are mounted vertically at an angle to the direction of movement, while the rear part of the disk digger 4 or 5 standing in front overlaps the front part of the blade of the subsequent disk digger. Spherical discs of kopachi 4 or 5 freely rotating on axles mounted on uprights 8, which are attached to the frame of the machine 3. The left and right spherical disk kopachs 4 and 5 together form an angle with the apex pointing in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the unit . When harvesting fodder beets, each. $ Ј

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ABOUT

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V0: seed with a distance of 60 cm, for the implementation of the process of digging and shifting root crops in front of the front wheels 1 of the harvesting unit, it is enough to install two disk diggers 4 and 5. The device is brought into the transport and working position by the power cylinder 6.

| A root-harvesting unit equipped with a beater 7. diggers 8, separating 9, transporting 10 and loading 1t devices, is aggregated with a tractor 2.

I The technological process of harvesting root crops is as follows.

1- Before harvesting root crops, such as fodder beets, the headlands are cleared and the field is divided into pens with the formation of inter-pass passages for vehicles to travel. j The tops are harvested with a top picker, consisting of a piston rb of a tractor 2 and a Hook harvester 12 attached to its ear, which is located frontally relative to the tractor 2.

At the first pass of the topping unit, its tractor 2 moves along the inter-pass passage, the working bodies of the toe-harvesting machine 12 cut the tops and load it into a vehicle traveling next to it.

; At the second and subsequent passages of the harvesting unit, at the same time as harvesting, the tops are dug up with 4 and 5 diggers and They are scoured on uncleared rows of at least two rows of root crops, and Mennote, which interfere with the passage of the wheels of vehicles or tractor 2 of the root harvesting unit. In addition, to fully load the tractor engine of the haulmower 12 and reduce energy5

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the capacity of the root harvesting unit is dug up a part of other rows of root crops, for example, kopachami 4 and 5, which are also shifted to uncleaned rows. Local

The dug-out rows of root crops move freely without damaging the root-crop vehicles serving the harvesting machine. This is especially important when harvesting fodder beets, as

its root crops sometimes form a row 25 cm wide and therefore the wheels of the vehicles do not fit between the rows. Regardless of the location of the topping unit, after several passes, the root harvesting machine 3 moves, the wheel of the tractor 2 of which goes to the place of the root crops dug up by the diggers of the harvesting machine 12. At the same time, the unearted rows are excavated by the diggers, and the digged and displaced diggers 4 and 5 root crops with a beater 7. having elastic blades, are rolled onto separating devices 9, which clean the pile from impurities and feed it to the transporting 10 and loading 11 devices. As a result, the heap is loaded into the transport going near the house.

At the first pass, the vehicle passes through the inter-passage passage, and at the second and subsequent passes, along the track of the tractor 2 of the harvesting unit.

In the case where the machine for digging part of the rows is located behind the rear 5 wheels of the harvester tractor, the root harvester is trailed, then all operations are performed as described above, however, beets are not dug out from the rows in front of the harvester tractor wheels, but after the passage of this tractor. In this case, the tractor of the harvesting unit is equipped with narrow tires.

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Claims (1)

Formula of the invention A method for separate harvesting of root crops, including trimming tops, digging, stacking and picking root crops on the field, characterized in that, in order to increase harvesting efficiency, simultaneously forming tops, a roll is formed by digging part of the rows of root crops with cut tops and shifting them a unearthed rows, after which the root crops of the rows on which the roll is formed are excavated and harvested. ®® & .- and © A 03lgp-S & 0fc.e-Ј-Q 1 w 0 h- vi --- s-. . g