RU179223U1 - Hydrodynamic cavitator for liquid disinfection - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices designed for disinfecting liquids, and, in particular, can be used for disinfecting domestic wastewater. The technical result is aimed at increasing the disinfecting effect of the hydrodynamic cavitator by enhancing cavitation. A hydrodynamic cavitator is proposed, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a toroidal cavitation chamber with holes for supplying air or liquid to the chamber and a secondary cavitation element made in the form of a ring in the chamber groove, and at the same time in the inlet nozzle contains a rigidly mounted spiral-shaped blade. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices designed for disinfecting liquids, and, in particular, can be used for disinfecting domestic wastewater.

Known reagent, reagentless and combined methods of wastewater disinfection. Reagent wastewater disinfection methods involve the use of special chemicals, such as chlorine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, etc. Non-reagent disinfection methods involve the treatment of water by physical influences, while the combined ones use both chemical and physical effects. Currently, non-reagent disinfection methods are the most promising, as they do not require the use of chemicals that can be dangerous to humans and the environment. Of the non-reagent methods of disinfecting water, the most common currently is the method of disinfection with ultraviolet radiation. Known devices for disinfecting water using ultraviolet radiation are described, for example, in the following patents RU 2390498, US 6162406, RU 2142915, RU 2031850. As the disadvantages of water disinfection using ultraviolet radiation, the following can be indicated:

- the shelf life of a source of ultraviolet radiation (UV lamp) is limited and is approximately 9000 hours, after which it must be changed;

- over time, the power of the source of ultraviolet radiation gradually decreases and, accordingly, its disinfecting effect decreases;

- for the effective operation of the UV lamp, it is necessary to use an additional clarification filter that allows ultraviolet waves to penetrate the entire thickness of the treated water;

- a drop in the efficiency of work when working with turbid and highly contaminated liquids, since the presence of inclusions and colored elements impede the propagation of ultraviolet waves in water.

Another known non-reagent disinfection method is the cavitation treatment method. Cavitational liquid disinfection is carried out using a hydrodynamic cavitator. The cavitator exerts a hydrodynamic effect on the treated fluid, which manifests itself in the creation of local pressure pulsations in the fluid flow. In the zone of pressure pulsations, the local pressure decreases to the saturated vapor pressure and cavitation bubbles form. Under the influence of pressure pulsations from cavitation vesicles, the cell membrane of bacteria is destroyed and microorganisms die. The conducted experimental studies show high efficiency of wastewater disinfection using a hydrodynamic cavitator (Promtov M.A., Aleshin A.V., Kolesnikova M.M., Karpov D.S. Wastewater disinfection by cavitation treatment // Vestnik TSTU. 2015. No. 1. P.105-111; Aleshin A.V., Dolgova E.A., Stepanov A.Yu. Experimental study of wastewater disinfection using a hydrodynamic cavitator // Collection of scientific articles by young scientists, graduate students and students of TTGU. 2014, p. 210-212). It is known the use of hydrodynamic cavitator in a wastewater treatment plant in patent RU 113263, IPC С02F1 / 24, С02F3 / 02, publ. 02/10/2012.

A known generator of hydrodynamic oscillations (or hydrodynamic cavitator) according to the patent RU 2269386, IPC B06B1 / 20, publ. 02/10/2006, which is taken as a prototype. The known device comprises a housing in which an inlet nozzle, a toroidal cavitation chamber, an outlet nozzle, a groove in which a secondary cavitation element is arranged in the form of a ring are arranged. The housing has openings for suction of air (gas) or liquid. A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of a disinfecting effect.

The technical result is aimed at increasing the disinfecting effect of the hydrodynamic cavitator by enhancing cavitation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a hydrodynamic cavitator is proposed, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a toroidal cavitation chamber with holes for supplying air or liquid to the chamber and a secondary cavitation element made in the form of a ring in the chamber groove, and at the same time in the inlet nozzle rigidly mounted spiral blade.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the following graphic material.

In FIG. 1 is a sectional diagram of a hydrodynamic cavitator generator.

In FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a septic tank with disinfection of purified water using the proposed hydrodynamic cavitator.

The hydrodynamic cavitator comprises a housing 1 in which an inlet nozzle 2, a toroidal cavitation chamber 3, an outlet nozzle 4, and a groove 5 and a ring 6 are formed. In the housing 1, openings 7 are made for suction of air (gas) or liquid, or both at the same time . The inlet nozzle 2 and the outlet nozzle 4 are narrowed in the area of connection with the chamber 3. The hydrodynamic cavitator in the inlet nozzle 2 in its tapering part contains a rigidly mounted spiral-shaped blade 8. In the proposed hydrodynamic cavitator, the inlet nozzle 2 can be displaced relative to the axis of the cavitation chamber 9.

In particular, the proposed device is applicable for the disinfection of wastewater. Also, the device may be applicable in other areas, for example in the food industry for the disinfection of milk. This device does not need electricity, does not have replaceable elements, works with both transparent and opaque liquids, does not require the installation of additional elements, such as a light filter, as in the case of an ultraviolet lamp. The use of a hydrodynamic cavitator for disinfecting wastewater is financially less expensive compared to ultraviolet treatment, chlorination or ozonation.

In FIG. 2 presents the use of the claimed hydrodynamic cavitator in a septic tank used for wastewater treatment. The septic tank includes several filtering modules: a septic tank-settler 10, in which the primary purification of water by separation of large fractions occurs, a biological treatment module 11, and a disinfection module 12, which contains the proposed hydrodynamic cavitator. The arrows in FIG. 2 shows the passage of water in a septic tank through filter modules.

The device operates as follows. The flow of the working fluid pumped by pumping equipment (not shown in FIG.) Is supplied to the inlet nozzle 2. The fluid flow enters the spiral-shaped blade 8. The walls of the inlet nozzle 2 and spiral-shaped blade 8 form a spiral-shaped channel, through which the fluid flow swirls. In the area of connection of the inlet nozzle 2 with the cavitation chamber 3, the diameter of the inlet nozzle 2 and acceleration of the fluid flow occurs. Then the swirling flow enters the toroidal cavitation chamber 3. In the cavity formed by the wall of the ring 6 and the wall of the groove 5, a region of reduced pressure is formed, into which air (gas) or other liquid or both are sucked through the openings 7. In case of severe contamination, the hydrodynamic cavitator can be equipped with a dispenser (not shown in Fig.) For supplying a small amount of special chemicals (chlorine compounds, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) through openings 7, which, together with cavitation, can completely disinfect the liquid. The displacement of the axis of the inlet nozzle 2 relative to the axis of the cavitation chamber 9 leads to oblique flow inside the chamber, which increases the contact length of the transit jet with the whirlpool regions.

A rigidly mounted spiral-shaped blade in the inlet nozzle swirls the fluid flow, which allows to increase the “cavitation torch”, namely, to increase the length of contact with the whirlpool areas inside the cavitation cavity. It is obvious that the proposed device allows you to enhance cavitation and, as a consequence, to intensify the disinfection process.

Claims (1)

A hydrodynamic cavitator comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a toroidal cavitation chamber with holes for supplying air or liquid to the chamber and a secondary cavitation element made in the form of a ring in the chamber groove, characterized in that the inlet nozzle contains a rigidly mounted spiral-shaped blade.

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