RU1787978C - Method of manufacturing ceramic products - Google Patents

Abstract

Application: technology for the manufacture of ceramic products, in particular, large insulating frames. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: preforms are pressed, dried, calcined and ground, before being fired, inserts of the same material and the same thickness are inserted into the preform. A layer of binder is preliminarily applied to the ends of the inserts. Billets are placed vertically along the furnace and tightly wrapped around each refractory. The proposed method can be used, in particular, in the manufacture of frames for ionizing radiation detectors, where a high degree of flatness and high reproducibility of shape, as well as improved electrical insulating properties are required. Yield in the form of frames is 70%. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the manufacture of ceramic products, in particular large insulating ceramic frames of large size, which can be used in the manufacture of gas-discharge ionizing radiation detectors, in particular two-dimensional and three-dimensional position-sensitive sealed-type ionizing radiation detectors with a large entrance window area.

A known method of manufacturing ceramic products based on corundum ceramics by pressing blanks, drying, firing and grinding. In this method, firing was performed repeatedly at a temperature of 1300-1750 ° C. To reduce deformation after the c-.h-hhh-firing cycle

the products cool and change their position by turning the blanks 180 °.

Such a technology provides a high yield rate of corundum ceramic preforms in the shape of a torus, but is notable for its complexity and durability.

With regard to blanks in the form of frames, this method does not provide an acceptable percentage of yield of the frames due to deformation, rupture, microcracks that arise in the frames during the firing process.

The closest to the proposed technical solution in terms of a set of common essential features is a method of manufacturing ceramic products from oxides, for example, alumina, by pressing blanks, drying, firing, and POLISHING.

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ABOUT

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To reduce the defect due to the deformation of the workpieces. Before firing, they are stacked in pairs with concave and convex surfaces to each other. As a result of firing ceramic products in the form of flat strips, flatness is significantly improved, i.e. strip deformation is reduced.

The disadvantage of this method in the case of the manufacture of ceramic frames is the significant deformation that occurs in the plane of rectangular frames when

Roasting. ; /. .-.-;:. :: -.,:; .- ;; -.;,::.

Frame shape; from the rectangular after firing, an acre of charcoal becomes sharp, which sharply reduces the percentage of yield of frames.

In addition, in the manufacture of flat ceramic products in this way, firing is carried out in triple ovens with a period of operation, which significantly increases the average time of frying: after 6 cores: bf complicates the production process: linen l1 flat products. :. ; -. Y ;; -1 : ;. ; .:: ;; -; .... /:; . :

. Tse / gyu yzob | e etey ow; it is available in 1 item for products in the form paW and manage nyro cessa; their IEG; Lt is written: ;;;;: ;;:; -, ::;% Y Y -G:.:, ;; ;.; Y -;.: Y v The specified spruce in the way gzztröleyy ker | my Českých: yd ё-: liy, in k l yacho 1d ı1 opera гг sh g r össr ra ry blanks, day, oVzhyfa-refining; before the firing operation §n: Utz; agrt; ok f youtuvkl: hell; ys): and thi tor Material: the same; trl; |: tsina that.: th zE1Gb ov to r ts t1 in ) the ladies of the pridvarёtno applied to the layer for the first; in yurtik al bw wb. Stoves tightly cover, each; each rnUnGrrr | U. /:.; - / /: ::: Y,;, 1u1e d -% rs s; ov x; with ssl food: K) 1 whole drying, roasting and grinding can be used for making ceramic frames: their materials are different | 6 SostaNuna ry1mer, ul Tra- ta, porcelain x60u ndovo-mul itrv.y mass. ; The pressing of each and the materials has its own specific features, Uvn - filling with the composition of the presowing mass (type: percentage and percentage of binder), type of pressing (hydraulic, mechanical), pressing mode (pressure value; Speed of pressure increase, Pressure holding time).

The process of drying pressed preforms of different compositions is carried out, as a rule, by dry Eyuzdukh at elevated temperature to prevent cracking and achieve a better strength of the preforms. INTEGRITY AND STRENGTH OF FRAME Billets are important when using PNPRTO-liners R

frames and their storage during subsequent loading into the kiln.

Depending on the composition of the ceramic masses and the properties of the finished ceramic products, the billet is fired in the temperature range 1200-2500 ° C. Each composition and shape of the product has its own pre-worked out temperature-time regime. For example, when firing products from steatite ceramics, the temperature does not: exceed 1400 ° C, and when firing corundum - 180q ° pv; v; ;:; ; ::: -; v l,:;.:. ; . .,; Afterburning: the liners are removed and the frames start the grinding operation. As a rule, it is nesew; because of the pt1 composition of the keramichi-cKprio products, they do the most Wpb, they produce the 0 / idnimazhnoe tool, НТРМ and none:; пёДЫЗИВН HJJX a hundred years ago.

ya BTOMaTH etkpin mode; -,; -. In FIG. 1, the bottom of the loan is the mathematical view of the closed C1p: - c; yt || b5 / 1 | W 1 and s)) l: a Melon fyg, 2 - times | Yay e; 6tr1z3k; in (kiln for firing (peg d: ogneup6ra removed) ..: ./ P r & P 1. From. Maceti; cdcTaBa VK 94-1

  pressed blanks L j shaped frames. Then these preforms f in the dryer

 k & mero. From the same: mfile are pressed and dried liners 2 / ta; ry (yo

 Trvky - b: -: -; | B :: Ґ; .-.

:. ; d; d: ys ё1 1: ё Уза г10 1 insert on and off; 2, rtel нр; bore; on the ends of the rods 2 shoya binder, 3, set on yyv% yuyyh Tkh Nb in the grout 4 vertically and 11lot 1po; bloki yiRT each rngёuNbrbm 5. In the canyon at the end of the ryuyuyeger b use crumbs in dextrin, Refractory 5 can be used; outcome: lzreans in 3 & mm from the dimensions of frames T, car 4 and internal dimension of tunnel kiln corundum bricks, blocks or tiles .-; v:;.

The liners 2 are installed inside the workpiece - frame 1 in such a way that they are lateral in flatness 2 and 2 with the lateral planes of the frames 1 (Fig. 1 AA).

Frames 1. Mounted vertically (see figure 2), placed on a trolley 4 along the tunnel kiln.

Firing is carried out in a continuous tunnel kiln once, which greatly simplifies and speeds up the process.

The presence of liners 2 eliminates the sagging of the upper part of the frames 1 during the firing process. /

The same material, the thickness of the frames 1 and liners 2, the coincidence of the planes of the sides and the tight lining of the refractory 5 does not allow the frames 1 to deform more than the shrinkage coefficient (11%) from the plane during firing.