RU1780031C - Measuring instrument with line display - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in electrical engineering, in indicator devices for various purposes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A measuring device with a linear display comprises a control unit. two N-bit memory registers, two N-bit digital comparators, two recording units, an analog comparator, a switching element, a first generator, a group of N two-input elements OR NOT. a group of N gated inverters, a group of N gated repeaters, a linear display, a second generator and an N-bit parallel analog-to-digital converter. 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to electrical measuring equipment and can be used in indicator devices for various purposes.

A measuring device with a linear display is known, comprising an N-bit parallel analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a control unit, a pulse generator, and a linear display. in the form of N light guide segments.

A disadvantage of such a device is the low information content of the information displayed on the linear display.

A measuring device with a linear LED display is known, comprising an N-bit parallel ADC, a linear display made in the form of N LED segments.

The disadvantages of this device are the high energy consumption. those. poor electrometric characteristics, and low information content of the displayed information.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a measuring device with a linear display, comprising an N-bit parallel ADC, a control unit, two digital comparators, two single vibrators, two groups of AND elements, and a linear LED display.

A disadvantage of the known device is the loss of information about the values of the minimum value of the input signal.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of measurements.

This goal is achieved in that in a measuring device with a linear display containing an N-bit parallel analog-to-digital converter, the input of which is the input of the device, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, the outputs of which are connected to the installation inputs of the first and second N -bit memory registers and the first inputs of the first and second N-bit digital comparators.

the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the bit outputs of the first and second N-bit memory registers, the first and second pulse generators, a linear display in the form of N LED segments, the output of the first pulse generator is connected to the reset inputs of the first and second N-bit registers two recording blocks, N two-input OR-NOT elements, N gated repeaters, N gated inverters, an analog comparator and a switching element, the first inputs of N two-input OR-NOT elements connected to the corresponding bit outputs of the first N-bit memory register, the second inputs with the corresponding bit outputs of the second N-bit memory register, and the outputs with the corresponding inputs of the N gated repeaters., whose permission inputs are connected to the direct the output of the second pulse generator, and the outputs with the corresponding outputs of N gated inverters and with the corresponding bit inputs of the linear LED display, the output of which is connected to the positive bus of the power supply and to the second contact switching element, the same installation inputs of the first and second memory registers are connected to the corresponding inputs of N gated inverters, the resolution inputs of which are connected to the inverse input of the second pulse generator, the output () of the first bit digital comparator is connected to the first input of the first recording unit, the second input which is connected to the output of the first pulse generator, and the outputs of the first recording unit are connected to the control inputs of the first N-bit memory register, the output () of the second N bit digit the comparator is connected to the first input of the second recording unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first pulse generator, and the outputs of the second recording unit are connected to the control inputs of the second N-bit memory register, the enable input of the first pulse generator through the opening contacts of the switching element is connected to analog comparator output,. the inverting input of which is connected to the common bus, and the non-inverting input is connected to the input of the device.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a functional diagram of the device.

The measuring device with a linear display contains a control unit 1, two

N-bit register 2,3 memory, two N-bit digital comparator 4. 5. two blocks of 6.7 records, analog comparator 8. switching element 9, the first generator

10, a group of N two-input elements OR NOT 11, a group of N gated imvergors 12, a group of N gated repeaters 13, a linear display 14 in the form of N optical fibers 15 and N registers 16, a second generator 17 and an N-bit parallel analog-digital converter (ADC) 18, ADC 18 is made on comparators 19.1-19, N, resistors 20.1-20, N and reference voltage source 21. First comparator inputs

5 19.1-19, N are combined and are the input of the ADC 18, the second input of the last N-ro comparator is connected to the reference voltage source 21, and the second input of the first comparator 19 is connected to a common bus via a resistor 20.1. The second inputs of the comparators 19.1 through the corresponding resistors 20 (i + 1) are connected to the second inputs of the comparators 19 (). The outputs of the comparators 19.1-19, N are the corresponding 5-bit outputs of the ADC 18, the control Unit 1 is made, for example, on N elements EXCLUSIVE OR 22.1-22, N, and the outputs of the elements EXCLUSIVE OR are corresponding outputs of control bay 1, the first input of each item is EXCLUSIVE OR. the corresponding input of the control unit 1, the second input of each element EXCLUSIVE OR connected to the first input

5 of the next EXCLUSIVE OR element, and the second input N-ro of the EXCLUSIVE OR element is connected to a common bus,

The input of the ADC 18 is connected to the input of the device, and its bit outputs through the block T

0 controls are connected to the corresponding installation inputs of N-bit registers 2,3 of the memory and to the corresponding bit first inputs of the N-bit digital comparators 4, 5, the bit second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding bit outputs of the corresponding registers 2, 3 memory;. The output of the first generator 10 is connected to the reset inputs of the memory registers 2, 3. First

0 inputs of two-input elements OR NOT 11.T-11.N are connected to the corresponding bit outputs of the first register 2 of the memory, the second inputs with the corresponding bit outputs of the second 3 reg1 /, country

5 memory, and the outputs with the inputs of the respective gated repeaters 13.1 13.N, the resolution inputs of which are connected to the direct output of the second generator 17, and the outputs with the outputs of the corresponding gated inverters

12.1-12.N and with the corresponding bit inputs of the linear LED display 14, the output of which is connected to the second contact of the switching element 9 and the positive power bus. The same installation inputs of the memory registers 2,3 are connected to the inputs of the corresponding gated inverters 12.1-12.N, the resolution inputs of which are connected to the inverse (Q) input of the second generator 17. The output () of the first digital comparator 4 is connected to the control inputs of the first memory register 2 ty through the first block b records. The output () of the second N bit digital comparator 5 is connected to the control inputs of the second memory register 3 through the second recording unit 7. The second inputs of the first and second recording units 6.7 are connected to each other and to the output of the first generator 10, the resolution input of which is connected via the normally closed (common and first) contacts of the switching element 9 to the output of the analog comparator 8. whose inverting input is connected to the common bus, and non-inverting - with the input of the device.

The anodes of the LEDs 15 are connected to each other and to the output of the linear LED display 14. and the cathodes are connected through the corresponding resistors 16.1-16.N to the bit inputs of the linear LED display 14.

A measuring device with a linear display operates as follows.

Before the operation of the device, briefly pressing the switching element 9 starts the generator 10. which, through the blocks 6,7 of the record, transfers the memory registers 2,3 to the state of logical O (low voltage levels). When the input voltage is zero, none of the comparators 19 of the ADC 18 will not work, i.e. at their outputs there will be a level of logical 0. The outputs of the 2,3 memory registers are in co:; then there is a logical О, therefore, at all outputs of the logical elements I.PI-NOT 11 And, accordingly, the inputs of the gated repeaters 13 will be the level of logical 1 ( high voltage level). The generator 17 provides alternate translation of the voltage levels supplied to the inputs of the gated repeaters 13 and the inverted voltage levels supplied to the inputs of the gated inverters 12, to the digital inputs of the linear LED display 14 At a zero voltage level at the inputs of the device, at the inputs of the gated inverters 12 - levels of logical 0. and strobir / em1x repeaters 13 of logical 1. therefore on

the bit inputs of the linear LED display 14 will constantly be supplied with logic 1 levels that will not cause current to pass through the LED 15, none of which will be lit.

When a positive polarity voltage appears at the input of the device, several comparators 19 will be triggered, the number of which at equal resistances of the resistors 20 is determined by the value of the input and reference voltages. Moreover, only on one of the bit outputs of the control unit 1. whose number is equal to the number of triggered comparators 19, and connected to

the input of the gated inverter 12 is connected to logic level 1. At the same time, the output of analog comparator 8 is connected to logic level 1, which will turn on generator 10. The voltage pulse

generated by the generator 10, will simultaneously arrive at the reset inputs of the memory registers 2.3 and confirm the state of the logical O at their bit outputs. The trailing edge of this pulse will simultaneously start recording blocks 6.7, each of which will form one packet of control signals, which will record, store and issue a code that acts on the inputs of memory registers 2, 3 at a given time,

to their bit outputs. At the end of the control pulses generated by the recording blocks 6.7, at the bit outputs of the memory registers 2, 3 and, respectively, the first and second inputs of the OR-NOT 11 element.

with a number equal to the number of triggered comparators 19. the logic level 0 is displayed. If the voltage at the input of the device is constant, then at the inputs of the strobe / (operated inverter 12 and repeater 13, numbers

which are equal and correspond to the value of the input voltage, there are constantly logical levels 1 and 0, respectively, and at the inputs of all other strobe 5th inverters 12 and repeaters 13, respectively, O and 1, since the linear LED display 14 monitors in the same parts of the oscillation periods of the oscillator 17 with a controlled duty cycle, the state of the outputs of the gated inverters 12, and to the others of the repeaters 13, in our case only one LED 15 will light on it, corresponding to the input voltage,

When the input signal is changed, its extreme values are stored on the memory registers (minimum 2, maximum 3) for the time determined by the period of the pulses from the generator 10,

When the input signal changes in the direction of decreasing, the digital comparator 4 generates a logic level 1 at its output, which puts the recording unit 6 into the mode of cyclic generation of packets of control signals from memory registers 2. After each cycle of generating control signals for the recording unit 2, the output of the memory register 2 receives a code corresponding to the input voltage level, which will be supplied to the first bit inputs A of the digital comparator 4, Digital comparator 4 compares the codes on its first A and second B bits inputs and in case the code at the first bit inputs A turns out to be smaller than the code at the second bit inputs B. The level at its output will remain high and the recording unit 6 will form the next packet of control signals, and the cycle will repeat, This percent ss will occur until the codes on the first A and second In the bit inputs of the digital comparator 4 are equal or the code on the first bit inputs A is no more than the code on the second bit inputs B. In this case, the output of the digital comparator 4 the logic level O is forbidden, which prevents the recording unit 6 from forming the next packet of control signals. Digital comparator 2 will remember the minimum value of the input signal, its bit output corresponding to that value will display logic level 1. which is inverted by the corresponding logical element OR-NOT 11 will go to the input of gated repeater 13 with a number corresponding to the level of the minimum input signal. The levels at the inputs of the gated repeaters 13 are transmitted to the digital inputs of the linear LED display 14 with a pulse repetition rate generated by the generator 17 for a time determined by its duty cycle. The pulse repetition rate from the generator 17 is selected so that the human eye perceives the pulsed glow of the LED 15 of the linear LED display 14 as continuous, and its luminance is determined by the residence time of this LED 15 by the current during the oscillations of the generator 17, i.e. the duty cycle of the generator 17. T. on the linear LED display 14, the value of the minimum signal is marked by the glow of the corresponding light-emitting diode 15, the brightness of which is set by the duty cycle of the generator 17. The value of the input signal recorded in the memory register 3 at the beginning of the measurement cycle is marked by the glow of one

from LED 15. The luminosity of which is equal to the luminosity of the LED 15 is marked on the linear LED. display 14 minimum input

signal, i.e. The brightness of their luminescence is set by the same time interval, namely, the time that the output О of the generator 10 is in the logical state 1. By the beginning of the cycle of measuring the value

0 of the input signal is the appearance of a pulse at the output of the generator 10. The repetition period of which determines the measurement cycle time and is set by the operator.

When the input signal changes in the direction of increase, the digital comparator 5 generates a logic level 1 at its output if the current input signal exceeds the level of the input signal originally recorded in memory register 3 by the voltage value corresponding to a single bit of the ADC 18. Logical level 1 at the output of the digital comparator 15 will transfer the recording unit 7 to the mode of cyclic generation of packets of control signals of the memory registers 3. After each cycle of generating a packet of control signals, the recording unit 7 from the output of the memory register 3 contains the code of the number of operating comparators 19. which

0 will go to the first bit inputs A of the digital comparator 5. If the codes on the first A and second in the bit inputs of the digital comparator 5 are equal or the code on the first A bit input will turn out to be smaller than the code on the second B bit input, and it will be in. The logic level 0 is output. Prohibiting the generation of the next packet of control signals by the recording unit 7. The memory register 3 will remember the maximum value of the input signal and its bit output corresponding to the value of the input signal will display logic level 1. which is inverted by the corresponding logical element OR5 NOT 11 and from its output logic level O will go to the input of the gated repeater 13. number which will correspond to the maximum value of the input signal. 15. LED connected to the output of this

0 gated repeater 13 through the corresponding resistor 16. will be lit; 5th with the pulse repetition rate coming from the generator 17. for a time determined by its duty cycle.

5 Thus, the linear LED display 14 of the measuring device will display information in the form of three luminous LEDs 15. The duty cycle of the generator 17 is set by the operator who. cheating on her, can leave on a linear

LED display 14 is only extreme or only the current value of the input signal or all three values at the same time (maximum, minimum and current), and, based on the conditions of better perception and receipt of the required information, the operator, changing the duty cycle of the generator 17. can leave the extreme values bright. while the current one is dimly luminous, or the current one is dim, and the extreme weakly luminous,

With the arrival of the next pulse from the generator 10, the outputs of the memory registers 2.3 go into the state 0, the trailing edge of the pulse from the generator 10 will simultaneously start blocks 6. 7 recordings that will form one packet of register control signals. 3, which will record the new initial level of the input input, present at this point in time at the input of the device in the memory registers 2,3. After that, a new process of storing and indicating the extreme values of the measured input signal will begin.

The duty cycle control of the generator 17 ensures that the information about the extreme values of the input signal is not blinking by the LEDs but is constantly lit and different from the LED that carries the information about the current signal value and its brightness. which reduces the fatigue of the operator performing the measurement, and does not, eliminates the associated measurement errors. In addition, by the operational control of the generator duty cycle, the operator, depending on the task, can leave on the linear LED display only the current value of the input signal or only its extreme values or all values at the same time.

The introduction of a comparator of the switching element and recording blocks will provide registration in the proposed device. and an indication of the minimum value of the input signal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A measuring instrument with a linear display comprising an N-bit parallel analog-to-digital converter, the input of which is connected to the input terminal of the device, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, the outputs of which are connected to the installation inputs of the first and second N-bit registers memory and the first inputs of the first and second N-bits

digital comparators, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the bit outputs of the first and second N-bit memory registers, the first and 5 second pulse generators, a linear display in the form of N LED segments, the output of the first pulse generator is connected to the reset inputs of the first and second N -digit memory registers, distinguished by the fact that. in order to increase the reliability of measurements, two recording units, M two-input elements OR-NOT, N gated repeaters, N gated inverters, were introduced into it.

5 is an analog comparator and a switching element, the first inputs of the N two-input elements OR NOT connected to the corresponding bit outputs of the first N-bit memory register, the second inputs to the corresponding bit outputs of the second N-bit memory register, and the outputs - with the corresponding inputs of N gated repeaters: those whose resolution inputs

5 are connected to the direct output of the second pulse generator, the outputs are connected to the corresponding outputs of N gated inverters, and the corresponding bit inputs of the linear LED

0 display, the output of which is connected to the positive bus of the power supply, and c. second contact switching element, the same installation inputs of the first and second memory registers are connected

5 with the corresponding inputs of N gated inverters, the resolution inputs of which are connected to the inverse output of the second pulse generator, the output (A.B) of the first N-bit digital compar 0 -tor is connected to the first input of the first recording unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first generator pulses, a-outputs of the first recording unit are connected to the control inputs of the first

5 of the N-bit memory register, input) of the second N-bit digital comparator is connected to the first input of the second .. recording unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first pulse generator. and the outputs of the second recording unit are connected to the control inputs of the second N-bit memory register, the enable input of the first pulse generator through the NC contact of the switching element is connected to the output of the analog comparator, the inverting input of which is connected to the common bus, and the non-inverter1 / input input is connected to the input instrument.