RU1774855C - Line for processing bulb onions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vegetable drying and canning industry, in particular to equipment for the primary processing of turnip onion and various root crops. The line comprises a honeycomb conveyor, a four-stage screen sorter of onions, a tubular feeder conveyor, machines for separating the onion and neck of the onions and peeling the onion from the peel . Pallets are installed at the bottom of the conveyor to control the height of the onion heads. The sorting unit performs the operations of dividing the onion heads into four fractions. The peeling onion machine also removes and briquettes waste, washes and transports the peeled onions 5 fl overs, 6 silt. SB with

Description

The invention relates to a vegetable drying and canning industry, in particular to equipment for processing onions and root crops, and can be used in the food industry, in agriculture and in public catering.

The prototype is a line for industrial processing of onions with a capacity of 1 t / h, comprising a hopper, conveyors, a drying and cleaning unit, sorting, machines for separating tops and roots, removing cover leaves and cutting onions 1,

As analogues of individual machines included in the technological line, a machine for cutting the ends of the onion is taken, which contains a loading hopper, an elevator with four bucket grabs, a dump, a screw installed in the gutter, estrus, orienting compartments, gripping mechanisms with knife heads and a conveyor 2 as well as a peeling onion peeling machine comprising a hopper with a dispenser, a cleaning chamber with a drum, a collector with nozzles for supplying compressed air, ring knives and conveyors 3,

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of processing onions and root crops.

In FIG. 1 is a side view of an industrial onion processing line; in FIG. 2 is the same, a top view of FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in Fig 4 - section bB in Fig, 1; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of trimming the ends of a bow; in FIG. 6 - same, top view.

The line for industrial processing of onions comprises a conveying element 1, a sorting unit 2, a feeder 3, a machine 4 for separating the lobe and neck of the bulbs 4,

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husk removal machine 5, control device 6.

The conveying element 1 is made in the form of a flexible honeycomb conveyor containing at least two pull chains 7. The mesh of the conveyor is thrown through the drums 8 and 9, on which drive sprockets are mounted 10. The pull chains move along the guide tracks 11. The drum 8 is mounted on axis 12 using a bearing 13 mounted in a support 14 on a rigid housing 15. The drum 9 is mounted using the axis 16 on a tensioning device 17, which is equipped with a gear rack 18, while a similar rack is mounted on the foundation 19. Tension tension chains 7 are carried out using bolts 20, the drums 8 are driven into rotation through a gear 21 by an electric motor 22 using a flexible gear 23 or directly by a gear motor. Between the traction chains 7 there are transverse axes to which sections 25 of the flexible honeycomb fabric 26 are attached, in the form of tracks with different sizes of cells 27 and 28. The cells are opened by means of springs 29, each row is supported by rollers 30 on guide tracks 31 which are provided with adjustable copiers 32 for compressing the honeycomb web in the transverse direction in the cutting region of the bulbs.

Under the conveyor in the area where the sorting unit 2 is located, a pallet 33 is installed which can move vertically with respect to the cellular web of the conveyor, thereby changing the cutting height of the lobe and neck of the bulbs 34.

Sorting unit 2 is located above the conveyor, resting on vertical racks 35, made in the form of a tray 36 for receiving onions and step gratings 38 with longitudinal grooves of different sizes at each stage, which are mounted on two frames 37, suspended on earrings 39 with the possibility of reciprocating movements in antiphase. The motions of the lattice are transmitted from the electric motor 40 by means of a flexible gear 41 through the eccentric shaft 42 and the connecting rod 43.

The feeder 3 is located between the sorting unit 2 and the conveying element 1 and is made in the form of tubes 44 of different diameters, over which a trellis distributor 45 with conical nozzles 46 is installed, and dividing hoppers 47 are installed on top of the trellis distributor according to the number of stages of the grilles 38.

The machine 4 for separating the lobe and neck of the bulbs is made in the form of disk cutters

49 mounted on shafts 48, which are mounted on cantilever supports 50 on both sides of the honeycomb web 26. The rotation of the shafts 48 is carried out through flexible transmissions from the shafts 51 by an electric motor 52 and gear 53. The disk milling unit 49 is closed by a casing 54, on the front side of which supply and exhaust fans 55.

0 The machine 5 for removing the husk is made in the form of a waterproof tank 56, inside of which are located two brush drums 57, offset from each other by half an interval 5 l between them, which are rotated by an electric motor 58. A pipe is installed on top of the brush drums with nozzles 59 for supplying water and air-steam mixture.

0 At the level of the brush drums, a conveyor 60 is installed to remove the peeled onions from the machine.

The waste collection device is an inclined channel 61, on top of which there are lattices 62, a screw conveyor 63 at the bottom, supply and exhaust fans 64 at the ends, and a shnowsky waste press 65 at the end;

The control device 6 is standard and is a table with an inclined front panel equipped with buttons, control levers, ballasts and electrical equipment located inside the table.

5 Lines for industrial processing

onion works as follows.

From the onion storehouse, the onion is fed by a conveyor to the tray 36 of sorting unit 2, where it is divided by size into

0 several fractions using gratings 38. The onion divided into fractions is poured into bins 47 and through conical pipes 46 along the guide tubes 44, oriented in the longitudinal direction, 5 is placed on the mesh cloth 26 into the corresponding cells 27 and 28. Using the pallet 33 automatically or manually sets the position of the bulbs relative to the honeycomb fabric 26, which

0 moves the bulbs in the direction of the machine 4 to separate the lobe and neck of the bulbs. In front of the machine, the honeycomb web is compressed transversely on both sides by a copier 32, keeping the bulbs on weight

5 before trimming the lobe and neck with cutters 49 that rotate rapidly around the axis. The passage zone of the copiers 32, the cells 27 and 28 are opened under the action of the springs 29, releasing the bulbs 34, which are poured into the machine 5 to remove the husks,

where peeling (cover leaves) is removed from the bulbs with the aid of brush drums 57 under the influence of water or an air-steam mixture. The peeled and washed onion enters the conveyor 60 and is taken out of the machine for further processing (cutting, shredding, packaging, drying), and the waste is sucked into the channel 61 and fed via a screw conveyor to the screw press 65,

The operation of the line is controlled by a remote device b or according to a predetermined program using a computer.

Claims (6)

The invention allows to increase the productivity and quality of onion processing several times in comparison with the well-known technological line, in addition, inefficient and labor-intensive manual operations are practically eliminated. Formula 1, Lines for industrial processing of onion-turnip, comprising a hopper arranged in a technological sequence, a sorting unit, machines for separating the bulb and neck of the bulbs and peeling, a waste collection device, a conveying element and a process control device, distinguishing so that, in order to increase the productivity and quality of processing onions, the conveying element is made in the form of a flexible honeycomb conveyor containing at least two chains, between which axes for attaching sections of the honeycomb web were installed, the copier and rollers placed on the outside of the honeycomb with the possibility of interacting with the copier to compress the honeycomb in the transverse direction under the conveyor in the hopper location area there is a pallet with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the mesh cloth, the sorting unit is made in the form of a screen and Mm. ,,. 39 m 15 JJ 1 J5 located under the hopper, the machine for dividing the lobe and neck of the bulbs consists of a pair of disk cutters placed on both sides of the honeycomb sheet, and the peeling machine is made in the form of a tank and is equipped with brush drums, a screw conveyor and nozzles for supplying water and air-steam mixtures. 2. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells of the honeycomb web are formed by vertically mounted plates which are shernirno connected to each other with the formation of transverse rows, while the cells of adjacent rows are interconnected by flexible plates. 3. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of stepped gratings with longitudinal grooves of different sizes at each stage, which are installed with the possibility of reciprocating motion in antiphase. 4. Line pop, 1, characterized in that. that it is equipped with feeders installed between the sorting unit and the mesh web, made in the form of guide tubular elements of different sizes, and separated bunkers provided with conical tubes. 5. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter disk is mounted on cantilever supports with the possibility of raising and lowering, the cutter is closed by a casing with a supply and exhaust fan mounted on it. 6. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the brush drums are installed two in the channels and are offset from each other by half the interval between them, nozzles for supplying water and an air-steam mixture are installed on the brush drum, and the waste collection device is a channel with a screw conveyor and a screw press for waste. 10 3 52 58625BB1BZ f8 19tt fc    R about- 46 M 4-A & 35 S3 48 49Ј- $ (Riga 1 tput.J Јc (7C6 / fo # t / e tfayfyxa ss gg 29 4