RU1771415C - Hay-making method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to feed production. Goal: reduce costs while maintaining the nutritional value of hay. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Experimental plants are sprayed with an aqueous solution of one of the urea derivatives, for example, eresin, diuron, tenoran or linuron, at a concentration of 100-200 mg / l at a rate of 1800-2200 l / ha. Control plants were sprayed with water and an aqueous solution of kinetin at a concentration of 50 mg / L. After the solution has dried, the plants are cut and dried out. air 5-7 days to air-dry mass. 6 tab

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the preparation of feed for livestock complexes.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method involving treating herbs before mowing with an aqueous kinetin solution of a concentration of 40-60 mg / l in an amount of 1800-2200 l / ha.

The specified method of harvesting hay leads to a high content of both protein, carotenoids and chlorophyll in hay.

However, in the existing method, the kinetin-imported synthetic phytohormone of the cytokinin group is used as a chemical reagent for treating herbs, the cost of which on the world market is about $ 40,000 per 1 kg. In the USSR, this drug was not produced until 1991, and if sold, it cost 40,000 rubles per kilogram for rubles.

The aim of the proposed invention is to reduce the cost of the method without reducing the nutritional value of hay during storage.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of harvesting hay, an aqueous solution of one of the herbicides, urea derivatives, for example, zresin, diuron, tenoran or linuron, with a concentration of | 100-200 mg / l with a consumption rate of 1800-2200 l / ha, as in the prototype.

At present, there is no affordable and cheap way to reduce the loss of nutrients in the hay during long-term storage.

The study of the cytokinin activity of various chemical compounds allowed us to establish that urea herbicides, in particular, linuron (afalon), monolinuron (arezine), diuron (carmex), and chloroxuron (tenoran) in low concentrations when they are treated with plants before mowing, cause the same effects like kinetin.

The wholesale price of urea heroicides per tonne ranges from 3,000 rubles for fenuron to 6,000 rubles for diuron, i.e. the price of 1 kg of these herbicides is not more than 6 rubles, which is at least 3 orders of magnitude less than the cost of kinetin. In addition, the urea herb (L

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cides are much more accessible, they are widely used in agricultural practice

Since the concentration of herbicides in the treatment of herbs before mowing is 100-200 mg / l of working solution with a consumption rate of 1 hectare of 2000 liters, 200-400 grams of the preparation is applied per hectare of hay, which is significantly less than the doses recommended for use on agricultural crops (carrots, potatoes, beans, etc.) directly consumed by food and even raw, carrots. In addition, we propose the use of herbicides not for their intended purpose, but to increase the nutritional value of hay, used most often 5-6 months after mowing, or even later, when a significant part of the herbicide is completely destroyed,

Numerous studies carried out in different countries have found that urea herbicides, including diuron, linuron, monolinuron, chloroxuron, quickly decompose in the environment.

The method is carried out as follows.

In special experiments, the optimum concentration of herbicides, SHO-200 mg / L, was established. A concentration of 50 mg / L causes a lesser effect (Table 2), and at higher concentrations the herbicide consumption increases without increasing the effect or even reducing it at concentrations of 400-800 mg / L (Table 6). The consumption rate is taken as in the prototype - 1800-2200 l / ha. The indicated rate ensures that the solution is applied to all plants.

Taking into account that the preparations produced by the industry contain 50% of the active substance in arezin, linuron, chloroxuron and 80% of the active substance in diursion, the dose of the drug in g / ha is determined by the formula:

 hw

b

where D is the dose of the drug, g / ha,

A is the dose of the active substance, g / l, B is the rate of consumption of the working solution, l / ha.

For example, to prepare a solution of diuron with a concentration of 100 mg / l (0.1 g / l) for the treatment of 1 hectare of grass or haymowing at a rate of consumption per hectare, 2000 liters of solution,

D - 1gn1Q ° x 2000 250 grams of diuron

A portion of 250 grams of diuron (carmex) is dissolved with stirring in 2000 liters of water (the solution mixes well in the tank of the tractor sprayer when moving). With the help of a sprayer, crops of forage grasses are treated in 1-2 hours

before mowing with a working solution - 2000 l / ha. Mowed grass is dried and hay is kept as usual.

When calculating the doses of other herbicides and preparing the working solution, they do the same. The results are tabulated. .

From table 1 it follows that after 9 months of storage of hay from the hedgehog team, processed in the field linuron in

concentrations of 200 mg / L, the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids and protein in the treated plants was higher than in the control by 42.42 and 24%, respectively. This means that by the end of the winter stall period

the nutritional value of hay from treated plants is significantly higher than in the control.

From tables 2 and 3 it follows that when treating plants with various herbicides

a concentration of 100 mg / l is preferable to 50 mg / l, as it causes a greater stabilization effect of the pigment-protein composition of plants.

From tables 4 and 5 it follows that arezine

of the same concentration causes a similar effect of stabilization of the pigment-protein composition during the processing of both oats and barley. From table 5 it is seen that arezine is effective at a concentration of 100 mg / l and

200 mg / L, however, a higher concentration (200 mg / L) leads to a higher content of chlorophyll, carotenoids and protein in the hay.

From table b it can be seen that with increasing

active substance concentrations up to 400-800 mg / l, the effectiveness of the action is reduced.

Thus, the replacement of kinetin during the treatment of herbs before mowing with urea herbicides, in particular arezine. diuron, linuron, chloroxuron, can significantly reduce costs compared to the existing method, obtaining similar results and increasing the nutritional value of hay, as can be seen from the tables.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method for harvesting hay comprising treating the green mass of herbs with an aqueous solution of a chemical reagent in an amount of 1800-2200 l / ha, mowing plants and their subsequent drying, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of the method without reducing the nutritional value of hay storage, arezin, or diuron, or tenorams, or linuron with a solution concentration of 100-200 mg / l are used as a chemical reagent Field experience. 1990 g. Hedgehog team. Linuron Treatment 200 mg / L Laboratory experiments. Barley. Herbicide concentration 50 mg / L. Barley. Herbicide Concentration 100 mg / L Laboratory experience. Barley. Arezin treatment 100 and 150 mg / l Table 1 table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Laboratory experience. Barley. Arezin treatment with 100 and 200 mg / l Table 5 Table 6