CN110800756A - Combined pesticide and spray for controlling pests, preparation method and application thereof, and method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in seedling stage of cotton field - Google Patents
Combined pesticide and spray for controlling pests, preparation method and application thereof, and method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in seedling stage of cotton field Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing —O—CO—O— groups; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a combined pesticide and spray for controlling insects, a preparation method and application thereof, and a method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in seedling stage of cotton fields, wherein the pharmaceutical components comprise: a botanical pesticide, a first fungicide and imidaclothiz; the plant source pesticide comprises at least one of veratrine, matrine, rotenone and spirotetramat; the first bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin. The spray is obtained by diluting the combined insecticide. The preparation method of the combined insecticide spray comprises the following steps: comprises diluting the above combined pesticide. The method for preventing and controlling the plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of the cotton field comprises the following steps: comprises the application of the combined insecticide spray for treating insects. The medicament and the method have good effects of preventing and treating the pests. Preferably, the method of combating pests further comprises: planting cotton in a cotton field near a wheat field; spraying an initial spray in the stage of 2 cotyledons of cotton seedling emergence. The three insect control modes are combined, and the more remarkable insect prevention and disease prevention effects can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a combined pesticide and spray for controlling pests, a preparation method and application thereof, and a method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in a seedling stage of a cotton field.
Background
One of the very important crops in China is cotton which is a main raw material for prevention and treatment industry and has high economic value. The quality of the cotton in the seedling stage is related to the future growth trend of plants and the yield and quality of the cotton, the cotton in the seedling stage is in a vegetative growth stage mainly comprising long roots, long stems and long leaves, and the overground stems and leaves in the seedling stage grow slowly. Generally, the air temperature in the seedling stage is low and unstable, the seedling has poor stress resistance, the cotton seedling grows weakly, diseases, dead seedlings or late emergence are easy to cause, and meanwhile, the cotton seedling is harmed by pests. The plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of cotton mainly include cotton rhizoctonia rot, anthracnose, red rot, aphid, thrips, red spider and the like. The seedlings are small in size, small in nutrient absorption amount, sensitive to nutrient reaction, and deficient in nitrogen to influence vegetative growth, and deficient in phosphorus to inhibit root system development. Too much nitrogen fertilizer can cause the cotton seedling to grow excessively, the leaf to be too big, the stem node to be too long, and the cotton seedling is in a vigorous seedling growing phase. Therefore, the strong root and seedling of the cotton in the seedling stage are very important.
At present, urea is applied after raining or before irrigation in field management in the seedling stage, the nutrient content is unbalanced, the use amount exceeds the standard, the nitrogen fertilizer is excessive, the cotton seedling grows excessively and the stem and leaf grow excessively. If the cotton seedlings grow excessively, a plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride is generally sprayed to control the internode length and the vigorous growth of the cotton plants. In addition, the pests in the seedling stage mainly comprise aphids and thrips, mainly depend on chemical control, and along with the wide use of pesticides and unreasonable field application, the cotton aphids gradually generate resistance to pesticides such as organochlorines, organophosphorus, pyrethroids, carbamates and partial nicotine. Because the cotton aphid has large occurrence amount and short generation period, the cotton aphid has rapid drug resistance development and becomes one of pests with serious drug resistance and difficult control. In particular, the imidacloprid and cotton aphid have generated high resistance level, and the imidacloprid has serious poisoning effect on bee colony which spreads pollen in nature.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a combined pesticide for controlling pests, a pest-control spray, a preparation method of the combined pesticide and the pest-control spray, and a cotton field seedling stage management method, and aims to effectively control pests and diseases on the premise of ensuring no adverse effect on the environment and natural enemies of the pests.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a combined drug for treating insect pests, which comprises the following components: a botanical pesticide, a first fungicide and imidaclothiz; the plant source pesticide is at least one selected from veratrine, matrine, rotenone and spirotetramat; the first bactericide is selected from at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin;
the content of the imidaclothiz is 0.5-1 part by weight;
the dosage of the botanical pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96), a is the contribution degree of matrine, k is the contribution degree of veratrine, b is the contribution degree of rotenone, c is the contribution degree of spirotetramat, a + k + b + c is 1, and a, k, b and c are all larger than or equal to 0;
the first bactericide is used in the amount of d (5-15) + e (1.5-3), d is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, e is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, d + e is 1, and d and e are both greater than or equal to 0.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an insecticide composition spray, which is obtained by diluting the insecticide composition described above.
In an optional embodiment, the concentration of the plant-derived pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of the imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg.
In a third aspect, the application of the combined pesticide for controlling insects and the combined pesticide spray for controlling insects on aphids or thrips is provided.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a combined insecticide spray, including: diluting the combined insecticide.
In an optional embodiment, after dilution, the concentration of the plant-derived pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of the imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg.
In an alternative embodiment, the medicament raw materials of the combined insecticide spray comprise: 0.5 wt% of matrine aqueous solution, 0.5 wt% of veratrine soluble solution, 6 wt% of rotenone microemulsion, 22.4 wt% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 50 wt% of trifloxystrobin suspending agent, 20 wt% of pyraoxystrobin suspending agent and 10 wt% of imidaclothiz wettable powder.
In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for controlling diseases and pests in seedling stage of cotton field, including:
the combined insecticide spray or the combined insecticide spray prepared by the preparation method can be used for preventing and treating insects.
In an optional embodiment, the combined insecticide spray is sprayed on cotton field plants at the early stage of aphid or thrips occurrence, when the number of the aphid or thrips occurrence is 10-20 per plant;
in an alternative embodiment, the spraying amount of the plant-derived pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/mu, a is the contribution degree of matrine, k is the contribution degree of veratrine, b is the contribution degree of rotenone, c is the contribution degree of spirotetramat, a + k + b + c is 1, and a, k, b and c are all greater than or equal to 0; the dosage of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/mu, d is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, e is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, d + e is 1, d and e are both more than or equal to 0, d (5-15) is the amount of trifloxystrobin, and e (1.5-3) is the amount of pyraoxystrobin; the dosage of the imidaclothiz is 0.5-1 g/mu.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
spraying an initial spray in a 2-cotyledon stage of cotton seedling emergence, wherein the initial spray comprises an N-boost foliar fertilizer, a second bactericide and a plant growth regulator, the dosage of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/mu, the second bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin, the plant growth regulator comprises at least one of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid, the dosage of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/mu, f + g is 1, f is the contribution degree of the trifloxystrobin, g is the contribution degree of the pyraoxystrobin, and f and g are greater than or equal to 0; the dosage of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022), h + i + j is 1, h, i and j are the contribution degrees of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid respectively, and h, i and j are all more than or equal to 0.
In an alternative embodiment, the concentration of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/20kg, the concentration of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/20kg, and the concentration of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022) g/20 kg.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
cotton is planted in a cotton field near a wheat field.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the combined pesticide and the spray for controlling insects, which are obtained by the design, are prepared by combining the botanical pesticide, the bactericide and the imidaclothiz in a reasonable proportion, compounding 2 insecticides with different action mechanisms and 1 bactericide with sterilization and insecticidal functions, and simultaneously utilizing the stronger systemic and conductive actions of the bactericide, so that the combined pesticide for controlling insects has the advantages of improving the insecticidal activity, having obvious synergistic action, sterilizing and killing insects, reducing the use amount of chemical pesticides, reducing the pollution to agricultural products and environment and protecting natural enemies.
According to the method for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of the cotton field, which is designed, the combined pesticide or the spray for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests provided by the invention is adopted in the prevention and treatment process, so that the prevention and treatment effect is good.
Further, by spraying an initial spray (a foliar fertilizer, a bactericide and a plant growth regulator) in the early stage, the requirement of cotton seedling growth is met, the growth and development of cotton are promoted, and the insect-resistant and antibacterial capacity is enhanced; in the aphid or thrips emergence period, the compound synergistic combined pesticide which is green, efficient, low in toxicity, low in residue and harmless to natural enemies is sprayed, and meanwhile, the pest control effect of the natural enemies in the field is utilized, so that the obvious control effect on the plant diseases and insect pests in the cotton seedling period can be achieved, and other chemical control is not needed. The foliar fertilizer N-boost can stimulate plant energy, promote root growth, provide a series of microelements required by protein synthesis and key amino acids for promoting crop growth, so that crops grow more uniformly and robustly instead of overgrowth caused by excessive nitrogen, and cotton seedlings are favorable for root and seedling strengthening. And the foliar fertilizer is sprayed mainly through the stem leaves, and the operation is convenient and fast.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The invention provides a combined insect control medicament, an insect control spray, a preparation method thereof and a method for controlling cotton field seedling diseases and insect pests.
The combined pesticide for controlling insects provided by the invention comprises botanical pesticide, first bactericide and imidaclothiz; the plant source pesticide comprises at least one of veratrine, matrine, rotenone and spirotetramat; the first bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin;
the content of the imidaclothiz is 0.5-1 part by weight;
the dosage of the botanical pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96), a is the contribution degree of matrine, k is the contribution degree of veratrine, b is the contribution degree of rotenone, c is the contribution degree of spirotetramat, a + k + b + c is 1, and a, k, b and c are all larger than or equal to 0; a (0.375-0.5) is matrine, k (0.375-0.75) is veratrine, b (2.4-3.6) is rotenone, and c (4.48-8.96) is spirotetramat.
The first bactericide is used in the amount of d (5-15) + e (1.5-3), d is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, e is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, d + e is 1, and d and e are both greater than or equal to 0. d (5-15) is the amount of trifloxystrobin, and e (1.5-3) is the amount of pyraoxystrobin.
The degree of contribution is the degree of contribution the agent makes to its function. For example, if the contribution degree of veratrine in the composition is 1, it means that all the plant-derived pesticides are veratrine, and the effect of the plant-derived pesticides is equal to the effect of all the veratrine, and for example, if a is 0.5 and c is 0.5, it means that half of the effect of the plant-derived pesticides is exerted by matrine and half is exerted by spirotetramat. The degree of contribution mentioned in the present document is explained above.
The botanical pesticide is a pesticide with insecticidal effect extracted from plants, and is harmless to the environment. The plant-derived pesticides can effectively control piercing-sucking pests and lepidoptera pests. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant-derived pesticide is preferably veratrine.
Veratrine is an insecticide prepared by extracting Chinese herbal medicines as raw materials with ethanol, has the effects of contact poisoning and stomach poisoning, can effectively prevent and remove piercing-sucking pests and lepidoptera pests, has low residue, does not pollute the environment, and can last for more than 10 days. Imidaclothiz is a neonicotinoid insecticide, has strong systemic property, is 20 times of the activity of neonicotinoid insecticides such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid and the like, is not limited by temperature, overcomes the defect of poor control effect of products such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid and the like at lower temperature, and has synergistic effect of controlling insects by the mutual matching of the two agents.
The botanical pesticide, the bactericide and the imidaclothiz are combined in a reasonable ratio, 2 insecticides with different action mechanisms are compounded with 1 bactericide with sterilizing and insecticidal functions, and the bactericide has stronger systemic and conductive actions, so that the insecticidal combination drug improves insecticidal activity, has obvious synergistic interaction action, can sterilize and kill insects, reduces the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduces pollution to agricultural products and environment, and protects natural enemies.
The first bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin. Among them, preferred is an oxime lipid. The trifloxystrobin is an agricultural efficient bactericide, and is a novel fluorine-containing bactericide successfully developed by taking natural products Strobilurins as bactericide lead compounds. Safe to crops, has the performances of broad spectrum, penetration, rapid distribution and the like, is quickly absorbed by the crops, and has upward systemic property, so the rain erosion resistance is good, and the lasting period is long. Simultaneously has certain insecticidal activity.
The invention provides a combined insecticide spray which is obtained by diluting the combined insecticide provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Preferably, the concentration of the plant-derived pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of the imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg.
The insect control combined drug spray comprises the botanical pesticide, the bactericide and the imidaclothiz in proper concentration proportion, and the insect control spray is sprayed on cotton seedlings when aphids or thrips occur in the initial stage, so that the obvious insect control effect can be achieved, and the concentration of the traditional Chinese medicine in the spray is very low, and the influence on the environment can be almost ignored.
The combined pesticide and the spray for controlling pests provided by the invention can be widely applied to control aphids and thrips.
The invention provides a preparation method of a combined insecticide spray, which comprises the following steps: the combined insecticide provided by the embodiment of the invention is diluted. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: after dilution, the concentration of the plant-derived pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg. When the concentration of the components of the combined insecticide spray is within the range of the dilution multiple, thrips and aphids can be effectively prevented and treated, and the combined insecticide spray has no influence on the environment and natural enemies.
Preferably, the medicament raw materials of the combined insecticide spray comprise: 0.5 wt% of matrine aqueous solution, 0.5 wt% of veratrine soluble solution, 6 wt% of rotenone microemulsion, 22.4 wt% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 50 wt% of trifloxystrobin suspending agent, 20 wt% of pyraoxystrobin suspending agent and 10 wt% of imidaclothiz wettable powder. Since the amount of the drug material is extremely low relative to the amount of the solvent (water), the concentration of each drug in the spray at the time of calculation is approximately equal to the ratio of the amount of the drug contained in the drug material to the amount of the solvent.
The method for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of the cotton field provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the combined insecticide spray provided by the invention is sprayed on cotton plants at the early stage of aphid or thrips occurrence, and the quantity of the aphid or thrips at the early stage is 10-20 per plant.
The cotton field pest control combined medicinal spray provided by the embodiment of the invention can play a remarkable pest control effect due to the fact that the cotton field pest control combined medicinal spray is sprayed at the early stage of aphid or thrips, and good pest control effect is further ensured due to the fact that the concentration of the medicinal preparation in the spray is small and no adverse effect is caused to the aphid or the natural enemy of thrips.
Specifically, the method further comprises:
in selecting the location of the cotton field, a field near the wheat field is preferable as the cotton field. As the emergence period of the aphids in the seedling stage of the cotton field is from the first ten days of 5 months to the beginning of 6 months, the ladybug which is the natural enemy of the aphids gradually migrates from the wheat field to the cotton field and plays a certain role in controlling the field aphids, and the ladybug combination drug and the spraying agent applied in the invention can not harm the ladybug, therefore, the control effect on the aphids after the ladybug migrates to the cotton field is better.
The method further comprises the following steps:
spraying an initial spray in a 2-cotyledon stage of cotton seedling emergence, wherein the initial spray comprises an N-boost foliar fertilizer, a second bactericide and a plant growth regulator, the dosage of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/mu, the second bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin, the plant growth regulator comprises at least one of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid, the dosage of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/mu, f + g is 1, f is the contribution degree of the trifloxystrobin, g is the contribution degree of the pyraoxystrobin, and f and g are greater than or equal to 0; f (3.335-10) is the amount of trifloxystrobin, and g (1-2) is the amount of pyraoxystrobin. The dosage of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022), h + i + j is 1, h, i and j are the contribution degrees of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid respectively, and h, i and j are all more than or equal to 0. h (0.000667-0.002) is the amount of brassinolide, i (0.09-0.18) is the amount of compound sodium nitrophenolate, and j (0.00044-0.0022) is the amount of indoleacetic acid.
Preferably, the concentration of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/20kg, the concentration of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/20kg, and the concentration of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022) g/20 kg.
The foliar fertilizer N-boost is prepared by fermenting natural soil microorganisms, and the effective components are adenine compounds, amino acids and microorganism active substances. The N-boost can stimulate plant energy, promote root growth, provide a series of microelements required by protein synthesis and key amino acids for promoting crop growth, and enable crops to grow more uniformly and robustly instead of overgrowth caused by excessive nitrogen. And the foliar fertilizer is sprayed mainly through the stem leaves, and the operation is convenient and fast. The plant growth regulator with proper concentration can promote the growth of cotton seedling. The second bactericide has a bactericidal effect, and the spray containing the pesticides with the concentrations is favorable for the robust growth of cotton seedlings, the root and seedling strengthening and the seedling growing are realized, the vigorous growth is avoided, the stress resistance is improved, and the occurrence of seedling diseases is reduced.
The initial spray is a mixed solution of a diluent of the N-boost foliar fertilizer, a diluent of the second bactericide and a diluent of the plant growth regulator. In each of the examples provided herein, randomly available starting materials were used as the starting materials for formulating the drug.
The raw materials comprise N-boost foliar fertilizer, 50 wt% of trifloxystrobin suspending agent, 20 wt% of pyraoxystrobin suspending agent, 0.01 wt% of brassinolide, 1.8 wt% of compound sodium nitrophenolate aqueous solution and 0.11 wt% of indoleacetic acid aqueous solution.
Combining the three modes (initial spray prevention and control, cotton field pest control combined drug spray prevention and control, introduction of natural enemies), spraying foliar fertilizer, bactericide and plant growth regulator in the early stage to meet the growth requirement of cotton in the seedling stage and promote the growth and development of cotton so as to enhance the pest-resistant and antibacterial capacity; the cotton field pest control combined drug spray which is green, efficient, low-toxicity, low-residue and harmless to natural enemies is sprayed in the aphid or thrips emergence period, and meanwhile, the pest control effect of the natural enemies in the field is utilized, so that the cotton field pest control combined drug spray can play a remarkable control effect on the plant diseases and insect pests in the cotton seedling period, and other chemical control is not needed.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined insecticide spray and a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in a seedling stage of a cotton field.
The insecticidal combination medicinal spray is prepared by mixing 75g of a commercially available veratrine solvent with the mass concentration of 0.5%, 20g of a 50% trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 7.5g of 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder and then adding 30kg of water for dilution, wherein the dilution times of the components are respectively 400, 1500 and 4000. The amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
The initial spray is prepared by mixing foliar fertilizer N-boost200g, oxime fungi lipid suspending agent with the mass concentration of 50% and brassinolide soluble liquid agent with the mass concentration of 0.01% by weight, and then diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 100, 1000 and 3000. The amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
Planting cotton in a cotton field near a wheat field;
large-area treatment: after cotton seedlings emerge, applying an initial spray at the stage that 2 cotyledons of cotton seedlings emerge; and (5) applying the pesticide for the second time at intervals according to the growth of the seedling stage in the field.
Cell processing: the combined insecticide spray is sprayed on each mu at the early aphid or thrips (the quantity of the insects is 10-20 per plant).
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined insecticide spray and a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in a seedling stage of a cotton field.
The insecticidal combination medicinal spray is prepared by mixing 150g of a commercial veratrine solvent with the mass concentration of 0.5%, 30g of a 50% trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 10g of a 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder and then adding 30kg of water for dilution. The dilution times of the components are respectively 200, 1000 and 3000, and the amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
The initial spray is prepared by mixing foliar fertilizer N-boost160g, oxime fungi lipid suspending agent 13.34g with mass concentration of 50%, brassinolide soluble solution 20g with mass concentration of 0.01%, and diluting with water 20 kg. The dilution times of the components are respectively 125, 1500 and 1000. The amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
Planting cotton in a cotton field near a wheat field;
large-area treatment: spraying an initial spray at the stage that 2 cotyledons are exposed after cotton seedlings emerge; and (5) applying the pesticide for the second time at intervals of 7 days according to the growth condition of the seedlings in the field.
Cell processing: the combined insecticide spray is sprayed on each mu at the early aphid or thrips (the quantity of the insects is 10-20 per plant).
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined insecticide spray and a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in a seedling stage of a cotton field.
The insecticidal combination medicinal spray is prepared by mixing 100g of a commercially available veratrine soluble agent with the mass concentration of 0.5%, 10g of a 50% trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 5g of 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder and then adding 30kg of water for dilution. The dilution times of the components are respectively 300, 3000 and 6000. The amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
The initial spray is prepared by mixing foliar fertilizer N-boost133.3g, oxime fungi lipid suspending agent with the mass concentration of 50% 6.67g and brassinolide soluble solution with the mass concentration of 0.01% 10g, and then adding 20kg of water for dilution. The dilution times of the components are respectively 150, 3000 and 2000. The amount of the spray is the spraying amount of one mu of cotton field.
Planting cotton in a cotton field near a wheat field;
large-area treatment: after cotton seedlings emerge, spraying an initial spray at the stage that 2 cotyledons of the cotton seedlings emerge; and (5) applying the pesticide for the second time at intervals of 6 days according to the growth condition of the seedlings in the field.
Cell processing: the combined insecticide spray is sprayed on each mu at the early aphid or thrips (the quantity of the insects is 10-20 per plant).
Examples 4 to 9
Examples 4-9 are essentially the same as example 3, except that the initial spray was different. The amount of the spray is one mu of cotton field spraying amount.
The initial spray of example 4 was prepared by mixing 133.3g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 6.67g of trifloxystrobin suspension with a mass concentration of 50%, and 6.67g of compound sodium nitrophenolate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.8%, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 150, 3000 and 3000.
The initial spray of example 5 was prepared by mixing 160g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 13.34g of oxime fungi lipid suspension agent with a mass concentration of 50%, and 5g of compound sodium nitrophenolate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.8%, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 125, 1500 and 4000.
The initial spray of example 6 was prepared by mixing 200g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 20g of oxime fungi lipid suspension agent with a mass concentration of 50%, and 10g of sodium nitrophenolate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.8%, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 100, 1000 and 2000.
The initial spray of example 7 was prepared by mixing 133.3g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 6.67g of trifloxystrobin suspension with a mass concentration of 50%, and 0.67g of indoleacetic acid aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.11%, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 150, 3000 and 30000.
The initial spray of example 8 was prepared by mixing 160g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 13.34g of oxime lipid suspension agent with a mass concentration of 50% and 0.4g of indoleacetic acid aqueous solution, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 125, 1500 and 50000.
The initial spray of example 9 was prepared by mixing 200g of foliar fertilizer N-boost, 20g of oxime lipid suspending agent with a mass concentration of 50% and 2g of indoleacetic acid aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.11%, and diluting with 20kg of water. The dilution times of the components are respectively 100, 1000 and 10000.
Examples 10 to 16
Examples 10-14 are essentially the same as example 3, except that the insecticidal combination sprays are different. The amount of the spray is one mu of cotton field spraying amount.
The combined insecticide spray applied in the embodiment 10 is prepared by mixing 75g of a 0.5% matrine aqueous solution, 7.5g of a 20% pyraoxystrobin suspending agent and 5g of a 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and then adding 30kg of water for dilution.
The combined insecticide spray of example 11 is prepared by mixing 100g of a commercially available matrine aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%, 15g of a 20% pyraoxystrobin suspending agent, and 6.67g of a 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and diluting with 30kg of water.
The combined insecticide spray of example 12 is prepared by mixing commercially available 85g of a 0.5% matrine aqueous solution, 11.25g of a 20% pyraoxystrobin suspension and 10g of a 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and diluting with 30kg of water.
The combined insecticide spray of example 13 is prepared by mixing 40g of a commercially available rotenone microemulsion with a mass concentration of 6%, 7.5g of a 20% pyraoxystrobin suspension and 5g of a 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and diluting the mixture with 30kg of water.
The combined insecticide spray of example 14 is prepared by mixing 60g of 6% rotenone microemulsion, 15g of 20% pyraoxystrobin suspension and 6.67g of 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and diluting with 30kg of water.
The combined insecticide spray of example 15 is prepared by mixing 20g of commercially available spirotetramat with a mass concentration of 22.4%, 11.25g of 20% pyraoxystrobin suspension and 10g of 10% imidaclothiz wettable powder, and diluting with 30kg of water.
The combined insecticide spray of example 16 is prepared by mixing commercially available spirotetramat 40g with a mass concentration of 22.4%, pyraoxystrobin suspension 11.25g with a mass concentration of 20% and imidaclothiz wettable powder 10g, and diluting with 30kg of water.
Example 17
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the cotton field pest control combined medicinal spray and the initial spray have different specific content components, and the specific differences are as follows:
the amount of the botanical pesticide in the cotton field combined pesticide spray applied per mu is 0.5a +0.375k +3.6b +4.48 g, wherein a is 0.1, k is 0.1, b is 0.5 and c is 0.3. The plant source pesticide contains veratrine 0.05g, matrine 0.0375g, rotenone 1.8g, and spirotetramat 1.344 g.
The first bactericide in the cotton field pest control combination medicinal spray applied per mu is 5d +3e g, d and e are both 0.5, trifloxystrobin is 2.5g, and pyraoxystrobin is 1.5 g.
The dosage of the second bactericide in the initial spray applied per mu is 10f +1g, f is 0.5, g is 0.5, the amount of trifloxystrobin is 5g, and the amount of pyraoxystrobin is 0.5 g.
The amount of the plant growth regulator in the initial spray applied per mu is 0.2h +0.09i +0.0022j, h is 0.1, i is 0.5, j is 0.4, the amount of brassinolide is 0.02g, the amount of compound sodium nitrophenolate is 0.045g, and the amount of indoleacetic acid is 0.00088 g.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 3, except that: the dosage and dilution times of the combined insecticide spray are different: the dosage of 0.5 percent veratrine soluble solution, 50 percent trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 10 percent imidaclothiz wettable powder is respectively as follows: 150g, 10g and 0g, and adding 30kg of water for dilution, wherein the dilution times are respectively 200 times, 3000 times and 0 time.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 3, except that: the dosage and dilution times of the combined insecticide spray are different: the dosage of 0.5 percent veratrine soluble solution, 50 percent trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 10 percent imidaclothiz wettable powder is respectively as follows: 75g, 10g and 10g, and 30kg of water are added for dilution, and the dilution times are 400 times, 3000 times and 3000 times respectively.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 3, except that: the dosage and dilution times of the combined insecticide spray are different: the dosage of 0.5 percent veratrine soluble solution, 50 percent trifloxystrobin suspending agent and 10 percent imidaclothiz wettable powder is respectively as follows: 75g, 0g and 10g, and adding 30kg of water for dilution, wherein the dilution times are 400 times, 0 time and 3000 times respectively.
Comparative example 4
Blank control: the cotton field is not treated by combined insecticide spray and initial spray.
Examples of the experiments
Cotton fields were treated according to the control methods provided in examples 3, 4, 7, and comparative examples 1-4. After treatment, the control effect of aphids, disease index of crops, fresh weight of each plant of the crops and other indexes are used for evaluating each treatment effect. The treatment results are counted in the table below.
Table 1 results of the experiments of each group
Note: data are the average of 3 replicates; differences in lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P <0.05)
The table 1 shows that the control effects of the examples 3, 4 and 7 on cotton aphids are excellent, the quick action is quick, the lasting period is long, the control effect can reach 100% 7 days after the pesticide is applied, the control effect is obviously higher than that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the disease index of the 3 examples is lower than that of each proportion and obviously lower than that of a blank control (comparative example 4) and 3, and the control method provided by the invention can effectively control the cotton field seedling stage diseases. Compared with a blank control, the fresh weight of the cotton of each plant can be obviously improved by the examples 3, 4 and 7, the fresh weight of the cotton of each plant is obviously higher than that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the fresh weight of the cotton of each plant is obviously higher than that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, wherein the fresh weight of each plant is obviously higher than that of the comparative examples 1 and 3. Comparing the example 3, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 3, it can be seen that good control effect can be achieved only when the plant-derived pesticide, the trifloxystrobin and the imidaclothiz are used in combination, and when one of the three is absent, a significant control effect is difficult to achieve, and comparing the example 3 with the comparative example 2, it can be seen that the control effect is better when the content of each component of the combined pesticide for controlling insects is within the range required by the invention. Therefore, the treatment by the method provided in the embodiment 3 or 4 or 7 in the seedling stage of the cotton can effectively control the cotton aphids and the diseases in the seedling stage, can make the cotton seedlings grow strongly, can strengthen the roots and the seedlings, and is the optimal mixture ratio combination.
In conclusion, the combined pesticide for controlling pests provided by the invention is prepared by combining the botanical pesticide, the bactericide and the imidaclothiz in a reasonable proportion, thoroughly eliminates plant diseases and insect pests from the two aspects of sterilization and controlling pests, and has very obvious pest control and disease prevention effects on the basis of no harm to the environment and no harm to natural enemies of pests by spraying the combined pesticide for controlling pests to cotton seedlings at an extremely low concentration in the initial generation stage of cotton aphids or thrips.
The combined pesticide spray provided by the invention is a diluent of the combined pesticide provided by the invention, so that the combined pesticide spray can play a very remarkable pest control and disease prevention effect on the basis of no harm to the environment and no harm to natural enemies of pests.
The preparation method of the combined insecticide spray provided by the invention can be used for preparing the combined insecticide spray provided by the invention.
According to the method for preventing and treating the diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of the cotton field, the combined pesticide spray for preventing and treating the insects provided by the embodiment of the invention or the combined pesticide spray for preventing and treating the insects prepared by the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is sprayed on cotton field plants at the early generation stage of aphids or thrips. Therefore, the control method has good effect.
Furthermore, three modes (initial spray prevention and control, combined insecticide spray prevention and control, introduction of natural enemies) are combined, and foliar fertilizer, bactericide and plant growth regulator are sprayed in the early stage, so that the requirement of cotton seedling growth is met, the growth and development of cotton are promoted, and the insect-resistant and antibacterial capacity is enhanced; in the aphid or thrips emergence period, the combined insecticide spray which is green, efficient, low-toxicity, low-residue and harmless to natural enemies is sprayed, and meanwhile, the pest control effect of the field natural enemies is utilized, so that the obvious control effect on the plant diseases and insect pests in the cotton seedling period can be achieved, and other chemical control is not needed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The combined pesticide is characterized by comprising the following components: a botanical pesticide, a first fungicide and imidaclothiz; the plant source pesticide is at least one selected from veratrine, matrine, rotenone and spirotetramat; the first bactericide is selected from at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin;
the imidaclothiz is 0.5-1 part by weight;
the dosage of the botanical pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96), a is the contribution degree of matrine, k is the contribution degree of veratrine, b is the contribution degree of rotenone, c is the contribution degree of spirotetramat, a + k + b + c is 1, and a, k, b and c are all larger than or equal to 0;
the first bactericide is used in an amount of d (5-15) + e (1.5-3), d is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, e is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, d + e is 1, and d and e are both greater than or equal to 0.
2. A combined insecticide spray, which is obtained by diluting the combined insecticide as claimed in claim 1.
3. The combined insecticide spray of claim 2, wherein the concentration of said botanical pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of said first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of said imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg.
4. The use of a combined pest control medicament according to claim 1 and of a combined pest control medicament spray according to claim 2 or 3 for controlling aphids or thrips.
5. A preparation method of a combined insecticide spray is characterized by comprising the following steps: diluting the insecticidal combination according to claim 1.
6. The method for preparing an insecticidal composition spray according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the botanical pesticide after dilution is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/30kg, the concentration of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/30kg, and the concentration of the imidaclothiz is (0.5-1) g/30 kg.
7. The method for preparing a combined insecticide spray as claimed in claim 6, wherein the raw materials of the combined insecticide spray include: 0.5 wt% of matrine aqueous solution, 0.5 wt% of veratrine soluble solution, 6 wt% of rotenone microemulsion, 22.4 wt% of spirotetramat suspending agent, 50 wt% of trifloxystrobin suspending agent, 20 wt% of pyraoxystrobin suspending agent and 10 wt% of imidaclothiz wettable powder.
8. A method for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in cotton field seedling stage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the combined insecticide spray as claimed in claim 2 or 3 or the combined insecticide spray prepared by the preparation method as claimed in claim 5 or 6 is used for preventing and treating insects.
9. The method for controlling cotton field plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage according to claim 8, wherein the combined pesticide spray for controlling the insects is sprayed on cotton field plants at the initial occurrence stage of aphids or thrips, wherein the aphids or thrips are 10-20 insects/plant at the initial occurrence stage;
preferably, the spraying amount of the botanical pesticide is a (0.375-0.5) + k (0.375-0.75) + b (2.4-3.6) + c (4.48-8.96) g/mu, a is the contribution degree of matrine, k is the contribution degree of veratrine, b is the contribution degree of rotenone, c is the contribution degree of spirotetramat, a + k + b + c is 1, and a, k, b and c are all more than or equal to 0; the amount of the first bactericide is d (5-15) + e (1.5-3) g/mu, d is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, e is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, d + e is 1, d and e are both greater than or equal to 0, d (5-15) is the amount of trifloxystrobin, and e (1.5-3) is the amount of pyraoxystrobin; the dosage of the imidaclothiz is 0.5-1 g/mu;
preferably, the method further comprises:
spraying an initial spray at the 2-cotyledon stage of cotton seedling emergence, wherein the initial spray comprises an N-boost foliar fertilizer, a second bactericide and a plant growth regulator, the dosage of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/mu, the second bactericide comprises at least one of trifloxystrobin and pyraoxystrobin, the plant growth regulator comprises at least one of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid, the dosage of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/mu, f + g is 1, f is the contribution degree of trifloxystrobin, g is the contribution degree of pyraoxystrobin, and f and g are greater than or equal to 0; the dosage of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022), h + i + j is 1, h, i and j are the contribution degrees of brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate and indoleacetic acid respectively, and h, i and j are all more than or equal to 0;
preferably, the concentration of the N-boost foliar fertilizer is 133.3-200 g/20kg, the concentration of the second bactericide is f (3.335-10) + g (1-2) g/20kg, and the concentration of the plant growth regulator is h (0.000667-0.002) + i (0.09-0.18) + j (0.00044-0.0022) g/20 kg.
10. A method of controlling cotton field seedling stage pests as claimed in claim 8, further comprising:
cotton is planted in a cotton field near a wheat field.
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