RU1770356C - Plant for continuous fermentation of grape pulp - Google Patents

Abstract

Use for fermentation of grape pulp in winemaking. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A plant for continuous fermentation of grape pulp includes a vertical cylindrical conical fermentation vessel-extractor equipped with a neck and a loading and unloading device, and two interconnected vertical cylindrical conical tanks for preliminary fermentation of an alcoholized pulp. In the fermentation vessel-extractor, two cylindrical wort collectors are installed one below the other, the diameters of which are 0.3-0.4 and 0.2-0.3 diameters of the fermentation tank, respectively, and a cylinder-conical discharge chamber. A shaft is mounted vertically along the axis of the fermentation tank-extractor, on which a mixing device and agitators are mounted. In the fermentation vessel-extractor, between the shaft and the wort collectors with an unloading chamber, a transfer pipe for the pulp is installed coaxially with it; 10-0.15 of its height. The tanks for preliminary fermentation of the alcoholized pulp are connected in the upper part to the fermentation tank-extractor by means of a screw stacker, the outlet end of which is installed above the funnel of the transfer pipe. 2 ill., 1 tab. (L C

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, namely winemaking.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield and improve the quality of the finished product.

This goal is achieved in that the installation for continuous fermentation of grape pulp, including a vertical cylindrical fermentation tank-extractor with a neck with loading and unloading devices installed in it two cylindrical wort collectors diameters

which are respectively 0.3-0.4 and 0.2-0.3 diameters of the fermentation tank, and a cylinder-conical discharge chamber mounted on a shaft vertically mounted along the axis of the fermentation tank-extractor, the mixing device and agitators are equipped with two vertical cylindrical connected to each other tanks for preliminary fermentation of the alcoholized pulp, in a fermentation tank-extractor between the shaft and wort collectors with

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a transfer pipe for the pulp coaxially installed by the unloading chamber is installed, the upper end of which is equipped with a funnel made in the form of a truncated cone and placed at the neck of the fermentation tank-extractor, and the lower end is installed above its bottom with a gap of 0.10-0.15 its height, while the tanks for preliminary fermentation of the alcoholized pulp are connected in the upper part to the fermentation tank-extractor by means of a screw stacker, the outlet end of which is installed above the funnel of the transfer pipe.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a plant for continuous fermentation of grape pulp; in FIG. 2 - same, plan view.

The installation consists of two interconnected vertical cylinder-conical tanks 1 for preliminary fermentation of an alcoholized pulp with pipelines 2. Above their bottoms there are cylindrical wort collectors 3 with branch pipelines 4, 5, the latter being connected to hydraulic locks via 3-way valves 5. Wort dispensers 6 with openings directed to

perforated walls. Wort dispensers 6 through fittings 7 are connected to pipelines 8.

In the upper part of the cylinder-conical tanks 1, additional wort collectors 9 are installed. They are equipped with branch pipelines 10. 11. The upper parts of the wort collectors 9 are made in the form of integral shells and out through the neck of the tanks with the formation of ring gaps.

Shafts 12 are rotatably mounted along the axial lines of the cylinder-conical tanks 1 with unloading and mixing devices 13. 14 provided with blades 15.

Gutters are mounted in the necks of the cylinder-conical tanks, the outlet ends of which are connected downwardly to the back of the screw auger 16.

The tanks 1 are connected to a vertical cylindrical-conic fermentation tank-extractor in the upper part through a screw auger 16, and in the lower part through pipelines 17 equipped with augers 18, drain tubes with 3-way valves 19 and valves 20.

The vertical cylindrical-conic fermentation tank 21 is installed 800-1000 m in height below the cylindrical-conical tanks 1, with the expectation of the entry of alcohol-free pulp depleted in the must from above from the screw stacker 16.

In the fermentation tank 21 installed

one below the other two cylindrical sump collectors 3, 9, the diameters of which are 0.3-0.4 and 0.2-0.3 diameters of the fermentation tank, respectively. A shaft 22 is mounted rotatably along the center line of the container 21. A transfer pipe 23 is installed between the shaft and the wort collectors 3, 9, the upper end of which is equipped with a funnel in the form

5 of a truncated cone placed at the level of the neck of the container, and the lower end is located above its bottom with a gap of 0.10 - 0.15 its height. The output end of the screw drive 16 is mounted above the funnel of the transfer pipe 23.

On the shaft 22 against the inlet and outlet sections of the transfer pipe 23, screws are fixed in 2-3 turns with the calculation of the movement of the pulp from top to bottom and an additional

5 while stirring it.

A cylinder-conical discharge chamber 24 is installed above the wort collector 9, and a pipe 25 with an auger 26 is mounted at the bottom of it.

0Dump tray 27 auger stacker

16 and the downstream end of the fresh pulp supply line 28 are mounted above the funnel of the transfer pipe 23.

The fermentation tank 21 is provided with a wort distributor 29 mounted on the shaft 22. A pipe 30 for supplying the extract wort is installed above the distributor. To the lower part of the wort distributor 29, a branch pipe 31 is connected.

0 The unloading chamber 24 is equipped with agitators of pulp 32, 33 fixed on the shaft 22, located inside the chamber and in the annular zone between the walls of the chamber and the fermentation tank. In the lower part of the mash 5 of the collectors 3, 9 there are semicircular nozzles 34, 35 for the removal of the wort along with the settling solid particles of the cat and skin.

For removal to fermentation pressing

Pipes 36 are intended for pulp from the fermentation tank 21, and pipelines 17 with screws placed therein are used to drain the pulp and seed residues.

Continuous Installation

5 fermenting the alcoholized pulp and extracting ethanol from it with fresh pulp or wort works as follows.

Fresh pulp in the production of predominantly vintage white or red wines is alcoholized and, together with the distillation of wine yeast, is fed for preliminary fermentation to fermentation tanks 1 from below alternately or simultaneously in two streams through pipelines 2.

As the wort is fermented, the pulp under the action of carbon dioxide is formed into a cap that moves upward, and in the zone of action of the upper cylindrical sump collectors 9 passes through the annular gap and is partially pressed by the beveled walls of the tanks, which contributes to a more complete and faster separation of the alcoholized gravity wort through wort collectors. The spirit wort is drained to an accumulation tank (not shown) through the upper pipelines 11, which ensures constant wort filling of the wort collectors 9 and partial suspension of suspended particles.

The pulp, which is depleted in an alcoholized wort, is discharged into the auger 16 by the action of the blades 15 and the unloading device 13, where it is pressed and after the main mass of the alcoholized wort is separated at this stage + gravity flow is transferred to the second stage of fermentation and extraction to the fermentation tank-extractor 21 following the technological process The separation of the alcoholized gravity wort is barely received first through the wort collectors 9 of the fermentation tanks 1, and then through the screw auger 16 provides effective juice recovery and transferring the dried pulp mass to the fermentation tank-extractor 21 from above without the use of an additional mixing device and a mesgon pump.

When applying a must-free pulp to the fermentation tank 21, a shaft 22, a mixing and unloading device are turned on, and a fresh pulp is fed to the pulp from above through the tray 27 through a pipe 28. The mixed mass of alcoholized and fresh pulp by gravity through the transfer pipe 23 enters the lower part of the tank and additionally mixes in the transfer pipe 23, and at the exit of it falls under the action of the mixing device 14.

The mixed mass of alcoholized and fresh pulp is fermented, formed into a cap and moves from bottom to top along the annular gap between the walls of the fermentation tank and cylindrical wort collectors 3 and 9. As a result of mass transfer, the main part of ethanol from the alcoholized pulp passes into the fermenting wort which is passed through the lower wort collector pipe 5 3 is discharged to the storage tank.

The mezgovoy cap rises up and, having reached the zone of action of the unloading chamber 24, by agitators 33 and 32, and then by a screw 26 through pipelines 25 and 36

for pressing. In countercurrent of the roaming mass, a roaming wort-extractant is supplied to the pulp cap from above through a distributor 29 and a pipe 31 through a pipe 30, and its enriched mass

0 is discharged into a storage tank (not shown) through a wort collector 9 via a pipe 11.

In the process of continuous fermentation of the alcoholized pulp in two stages on the bottom

5 fermentation tanks accumulate seeds and yeast biomass, which are periodically removed for pressing. For this purpose, valves 20 and 37 are opened on pipelines 17 and the screws are turned on.

0 18. The completeness of the removal of seeds is assessed by sampling pulp through 3-way valves 19. From the wort collectors, the wort is discharged through the upper pipelines, which ensures their constant filling with wort and

5 better as a result of this, the self-cleaning of the perforated walls of the upwardly moving pulp. In addition, if necessary, with the wort collectors below the pump serves the previously allocated wort from them, and

0 its excess is discharged through the upper branch pipes. As a result of this operation, the wort enters the container through the perforated walls of the wort collectors, which helps to clean them from the pulp.

5 For cleaning the lower wort collectors

fermentation tanks 1 use distributors G and the wort is fed into them through pipelines 8. The effect of cleaning the perforated walls of the wort collectors is enhanced in this embodiment as a result of the directed exit of the wort and rotation of the distributors 6.

Wort collectors 3 fermentation tanks 1 include in the work with a step

5 alcoholization of the pulp and at the final stage of the installation with a complete discharge of the wort.

After the end of the grape processing season, the fermentation tanks 1 and tank 21 are freed from the pulp by supplying from below the necessary mass of the mash to be mash, and after unloading the pulp the wort is drained. The residues of the pulp are discharged from below with pressing while mixing according to the above-described scheme for separating excess seed mass.

Example 1. The installation for continuous fermentation of an alcoholized pulp is made of two vertical cylindrical conical fermentation tankspos, connected from above through a screw auger with a fermentation tank-extruder according to the scheme in FIG. 1.

At the proposed plant, the pulp of the Rkatsiteli variety is fermented to produce dessert wine material. The initial sugar content is 22.4 g / 100 cm °, acids 6.1 g / dm.

Alcohol rectificate is added to the fresh pulp during loading, based on the alcohol content of 12 vol% and the layout of wine yeast. The alcoholic pulp is fermented in a continuous flow, and during the fermentation, the alcoholized wort is removed from it in two stages, first from the fermentation tanks 1 through the upper wort collectors 9, and then through the screw stacker 16

Flocrse it & ora distillation, about the wort-gravity depleted with slurry pulp / with the help of LjHCKOBoro, the steamers are fed to the second stage of fermentation in a fermentation tank 2 1 from below through a transfer tube 23 To the alcoholized mez (at the top, fresh pulp is fed in a 1: 4 ratio. During the process, the spirit and fresh pulp are mixed first at the transfer pipe 23, and then under the influence of the device 14, in the lower part of the tank 21 and move upward in it. The wort is often fermented, but it is real and not from the lower ground sumps s fermented pulp in the form of a cap o t water on pressing through of the wipe zo- yt i roist va 24 25 and tube 36

With the continuous fermentation of fresh, pork and fresh pulp at the proposed installation, the total wort EXIT is increased by 1 dal / t and reaches 82 dal / t, and the yield of C | 1iryuvanyogi wort-gravity from under stationary wort collectors and auger edema reaches 69 dal /, which is 6 higher than in the industry when using only the auger stack tet

The technological processes of contamination and extraction of alcoholized and fresh pulp are carried out in a continuous stream through a system of fermentation tanks, the plant productivity is increased by 20%

Ethanol losses are significantly reduced. Compared with the prototype, the total ethanol losses during alcoholization of the pulp are reduced from 8 to 5, i.e. by 2%. and return losses are reduced from 3 to 2% due to the deep extraction of Elista from the distilled pulp during continuous extraction

Example 2. From the grapes of the Rgatziteli variety, dessert vinoma thermal is obtained: alcohol 16% vol. sugar 14 g / 100 cm3.

ACID Go g / dm

The pulp is fed into the fermentation tanks 1 from the bottom during continuous operation of the mixing devices, and in the course of loading the pulp is sulfitated at the rate of 50 mg / dm3

total sulfur dioxide and alcohol it to a content of 10 vol.% ethyl alcohol, after which the layout of wine yeast is introduced.

With steady state fermentation

0 as a yeast wiring, gravity wort is used from wort collectors 3. Gravity wort is taken from the upper part of wort collectors 3 and fed into an alcoholized pulp stream. Newcomer

5, the alcohol pulp and the yeast wiring are mixed into the results of the operation of the devices 14, which accelerates the fermentation and extraction processes by 10-15%;

The roaming pulp under the action of the released carbon dioxide rises from bottom to top, forms into a pulp cap, passes an annular gap between the walls of the upper wort collectors 9 and the beveled walls of the fermentation tanks 5 and is pressed, which speeds up the processes of separation of the wort and its transfer to the wort collectors 9.

Gentle prepressing of the brains in the upper part of the fermentation tanks ensures the production of clarified alcoholic wort and an increase in its overall yield. As a result of the sequential separation of the alcoholized wort in two stages, first through stationary

5 wort cones 9, and then through an auger stacker 16, its output reaches 65 dal / t, which is 6 dal / t more than when separating only on a screw auger.

The roaming gravity wort is then alcoholized up to 16.5 vol% and is subsequently used to produce fine wines.

An alcoholic, must-depleted mash is fed into a 21-pore aspiration container-extractor of the above-described scheme for

5 subsequent fermentation and extraction. Example 3. Strong wine material obtained in the processing of varieties Ba n Shirey. Condition: alcohol 16 vol.%., Sugar 5 g / 100 cm, acidity 4-6 g / dm. Mezgu

0 alcohol up to 10 vol.% And fermented in two stages according to the above scheme. The total yield of the wort during the processing of grapes Ba n Shirey is 83 dal / t, which is 2 dal more than in the prototype. The output of the alcoholized wort after successive separation in two stages through a stationary wort collector and screw auger is 68 dl / t, which is 7 yields higher than in the prototype when separating an alcoholized pulp on a screw auger. The continuous method of fermentation of pulp in the proposed plant accelerates the fermentation process by 10%.

Table 1 shows data on the content of phenolic substances.

From the table it follows that the proposed installation for continuous fermentation of grape pulp provides additional extraction of phenolic substances, and their content increases in alcohol wort-gravity by 110-310 mg / dm (5.6-14.3%). After completion of the second stage of fermentation and extraction, the content of phenolic substances increases by 150-320 mg / dm3 (22.0 - 23.7%).

Claims (1)

The claims Installation for continuous fermentation of grape pulp, including a vertical ciliidroconic fermentation tank-extractor with a neck with loading and unloading devices, two cylindrical wort collectors installed in it one below the other, the diameters of which are 0.3-0.4 and 0.2-0, respectively , 3 diameters of fermentation tank, and a cylinder-conical discharge chamber mounted on a shaft vertically mounted along the axis of the fermentation tank-extractor shaft mixing device and agitators, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield and improve the quality of the finished product, it is equipped with two interconnected vertical cylindrical conical tanks for preliminary fermentation of the alcoholized pulp, in a fermentation tank-extractor between the shaft and wort collectors with an unloading chamber im changeable a pulp tube, the upper end of which is equipped with a funnel made in the form of a truncated cone and placed at the level of the neck of the fermentation tank-extractor, and the lower end is mounted above it the bottom with a clearance of 0.10-0.15 of its height, while the tanks for preliminary fermentation of the alcoholized pulp are connected in the upper part to the fermentation tank-extractor by means of a screw stacker whose output end is mounted above the funnel of the transfer pipe. g f s / vs / / and b Fig j -ft 2 g $