RU1768313C - Vortex dust trap - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to gas purification devices in the chemical, textile, food, mining, and other industries. In particular, it relates to dust collectors of the centrifugal principle of action, based on the use of a swirling flow - a vortex. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust collection. The vortex dust collector contains a housing 1, in the upper part of which with an diameter D there is an axial exhaust pipe 3 with a diameter of the lower end and a peripheral inlet 2 of a swirling stream of purified gas, and in the lower one an axial cylindrical inlet 7 of the purified gas with a central displacer 9, a tangential inlet the nozzle 6 and the baffle plate 8. The dust chamber 4 is located under the housing 1, the recirculation channel, made in the form of a duct, communicates the cavity of the chamber 4 with the input 7. The distance H between the lower end of the nozzle 3 and the upper torus Input 7 satisfies the known ratio of 2 s.p. cb-ly. 3 ill. SO with h o so OJ CA 12

Description

The invention relates to apparatus for cleaning gases from dust in the chemical, textile, food, mining, building materials and other industries. In particular, it relates to centrifugal dust collectors, where the particles are separated from the gas in a swirling flow.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of dust collection.

This goal is achieved by ensuring the ratio between the distance H from the lower end of the exhaust pipe to the upper end of the axial cylindrical input and the diameter D of the upper part of the housing, the diameter of the lower end of the exhaust pipe d taking into account the experimental coefficient K according to the equation

N KD

n J ± L l-a

D 4d o2 /

In addition, the recirculation channel is made in the form of a box placed on the wall of the tangential inlet pipe in the cavity of the dust collector, the box being open from below and communicating with the cavity of the axial cylindrical inlet, and the flow controller is made in the form of a rotary damper installed between the pipe and the box; the displacer is made in the form of a pipe, the upper end of which is equipped with a conical tip with a central hole, the lower end is equipped with a branch pipe, and on the side surface the ring is vertically movable in the form of truncated cones connected by large bases.

The drawing schematically shows a General view and sections aa and bb of the vortex dust collector.

The vortex dust collector consists of a housing 1 having an upper part with a peripheral inlet 2 and an axial exhaust pipe 3, a lower part of the housing with a dust chamber 4, with a discharge nozzle 5, a lower swirl flow channel consisting of a tangential inlet pipe 6, an axial input 1 with a baffle plate 8 and a central displacer 9. The displacer 9 has a conical tip 10 with a central opening 11 in the upper part and a discharge pipe 12 in the lower part to remove the purified gas. In the middle part of the displacer B there is a ring 13 mounted for axial movement, made in the form of truncated cones connected by large bases. The recirculation channel is made in the form of a box placed in the cavity of the dust collector formed by the wall of the tangential inlet pipe 6, the axial input 7 with

slotted hole 14, the vertical partition 15 and the cover 16. The box is open from below and communicates with the lower hopper part and the cavity of the axial input 7 through the slotted hole 14. Between the pipe 6

0 and a rotary damper 17 is installed by the duct, which acts as a flow regulator. The movement of the rotary damper 17 for adjusting the slotted hole 14 is carried out using a thrust

5 18.

The vortex dust collector operates as follows.

Dusty gas is simultaneously supplied - through the peripheral inlet 2 and the supply pipe 0 to the upper part of the housing 1 in the form of two countercurrent flows swirled in the same direction. There, dust particles under the action of centrifugal forces are thrown to the wall of the housing 1, are lowered down

5 and through the gap between the wall and the baffle plate 8, the bunker part of the housing 4, from where the dust is removed through the nozzle 5. The exhaust gas passing along with the dust into the bunker part passes through the duct, which acts as a recirculation channel and through the opening 14 by the gas supply the nozzle 6 is injected through the axial inlet 7 again into the upper part of the housing 1. The size of the slit hole 14 is controlled by moving the rotary damper 17 by means of the link 18, while the gas flow through the recirculation channel changes.

This flow rate is set depending on the concentration and nature of the dust, its

0 dispersion. The purified gas is removed through the exhaust pipe 3. There is also a provision for gas removal through the displacer 9. In this case, gas from the clean axial zone of the apparatus passes through the central opening 11 of the conical tip 10 into the displacer 9 and is removed through the exhaust pipe 12. If dust is deposited on the outer wall of the displacer 9 due to the inhibition of the flow on its wall to prevent dust entrainment by the flue gas is moved along the displacer 9

ring 13. When it reaches it, the dust comes off and returns to the separation part. The position of the ring 13 depends on the concentration, dispersion and type of dust. The increase in the efficiency of dust extraction in a device of this design occurs due to a smooth transition of the upper swirling flow with a cross section lU4 (D2 - d2) into the core of the flow l: d N. The maximum increase in efficiency is achieved with an increase in the estimated height of the separation part of the casing N, obtained from the condition that the cross section of the upper swirling flow and the surface of the flow core by a coefficient of 1.4 - 1.8. The increase in efficiency is also achieved by recirculating the exhaust gas from the hopper part through an adjustable slotted opening of the duct connected to the axial inlet cavity, as well as by removing the exhaust gas through a conical tip of the displacer equipped with a movable ring in the form of truncated joints connected by large bases. cones.

The use of a vortex dust collector of this design can significantly increase the efficiency of dust collection, reduce dust leakage through the apparatus, and reduce emission concentrations to values close to sanitary standards.

Claims (3)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A vortex dust collector containing a housing, in the upper part of which there is an axial exhaust pipe and a peripheral inlet of a swirling stream of cleaned gas, and the lower one is an axial cylindrical inlet of the gas to be cleaned with a central displacer, a tangential inlet pipe and a chimney a washer, a dust chamber located under the housing, a gas recirculation channel connecting the cavity of the dust chamber and tangential inlet pipe, recirculating gas flow controller, characterized in that in order to increase dust collection efficiency, the distance H between the lower end of the exhaust pipe and the upper end of the axial cylindrical inlet satisfies the ratio Kd 4d /12- And D is the diameter of the upper part of the housing; d is the diameter of the lower end of the exhaust pipe; K is a coefficient equal to 1.4-1.8. 2. The dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation channel is made in the form of a box placed on the wall of the tangential inlet pipe in the cavity of the dust collector, while the box is open from below and communicated with the axial inlet cavity, and the flow regulator is made in the form of a rotary damper installed between the pipe and the duct. 3. The dust collector according to claim 1, on the basis of the fact that the displacer is made in the form of a pipe, the upper end of which is equipped with a conical tip with a central hole, the lower end is equipped with a branch pipe, and is placed on the side surface vertically movable ring in the form of truncated cones connected by large bases. G8 Aa Phage 2 thirteen 7 fo 176-6 3 16 15 Fie.Z