RU173650U1 - Grain crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to fodder production, and can be used for grinding seeds of agricultural crops in the production of animal feed. A grain crusher consists of a frame, a hopper, an air intake, an outlet pipe, a working chamber closed by a sieve, and a pin and hammer grinding machines driven by an electric motor. The working chamber is mounted horizontally on the frame; pin and hammer grinding devices include horizontal disks mounted on a vertical shaft driven by an electric motor. In the hopper with the possibility of vertical movement to the working chamber with the help of a mechanical drive, there is a cylindrical shell covering the cone on a magnetic ring mounted on the upper disk of the pin apparatus. In the pin apparatus on the inner surface of the lid of the working chamber fixed pins are installed, between which the pins of the rotating rotor are mounted, mounted on the upper disk. The blades are fixed on the lower disk. Hammers are fixed at the ends of the rotor, the entire system is closed by replaceable sieves, forming a working chamber, outside of which there is a system for outputting the crushed material through the outlet pipe.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to feed production, and can be used for grinding seeds of agricultural crops in the production of animal feed.

The essence of grinding is the destruction of the hard shell of grain and the formation of particles of different sizes and various shapes, which sharply increase the total external surface, which increases their digestibility, compared with whole grain. For this purpose, grinders are used, which are commonly called crushers.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is a grain crusher (patent for utility model No. 139019, publ. 03/27/2014, Bull. No. 9).

It has a frame on which a working chamber is installed vertically with a feed system for the seeds of agricultural crops to be chopped into it. Two types of grinding apparatuses are installed in a vertically located working chamber: a pin one, which, when grinding grain, implements a low-energy variant of its destruction by cutting, and a rotary one with hammers, which implements a more energy-intensive variant of destruction by impact, but which is very technological for creating high-performance, compact and energy-rich grain grinders. The combination of these working bodies made it possible to create a two-stage crusher of high-performance grain with a relatively lower energy intensity compared to analogues.

This crusher has drawbacks due to the vertical arrangement of the grinding apparatuses: it is difficult to provide magnetic protection in the receiving hopper, uniform feeding of grain to the primary grinding apparatus; it is difficult to replace the sieve in the secondary grinding apparatus.

The problem the utility model aims to solve is to create a low-energy crusher with a horizontally located working chamber, in which the grain is crushed in two stages by sequentially working grinding machines.

The technical and technological result of using the utility model is to increase the reliability of the crusher and simplify maintenance.

In FIG. schematically shows the technological scheme of the crusher.

A horizontal working chamber 3 is installed on the frame 1, closed by a lid 4, on which the hopper 5 is mounted. A mechanical drive 6 with a handle is mounted in the hopper 5, with the help of which a cylindrical shell 7 that covers the cone 8 is moved. Fixed pins 9 of square section are mounted on the lid 4 and there are air intakes 10. Inside the chamber 3 there is an upper disk 11 located horizontally on which a cone 8, a magnetic ring 12, pins 13 of a square section and a hammer 14 are fixed. The disk 11 is 360 degrees closed with a sieve 15, as a result thereby forming a working chamber, in which the grinding process material flowing therein. The crushed material is discharged out through the pipe 2 by blades 16, mounted on the lower disk 17. The upper 11 and lower 17 disks with parts mounted on them are mounted on the shaft 18, which is driven by an electric motor 19.

Crusher works as follows. Before loading the hopper 5 by rotating the handle 6, the cylindrical shell 7 is lowered to the stop in the magnetic ring 12, completely closing the cone 8, excluding the flow of material into the working chamber 3. Then, the motor 19 is turned on, which spins the disks 11 and 17 with all attached to them the details. Then, by rotating the handle 6 in the opposite direction, the cylindrical shell 7 rises up, forming a slit with respect to the cone 8, through which the material to be crushed falls onto the magnetic ring 12, and then into the primary coarse grinding apparatus, consisting of fixed pins 9 located on the cover 4 , and pins 13, rotating together with the upper disk 11. Coarse crushed material falls on a hammer grinding device 14, which is closed by a sieve 15, passing through which, additionally crushed material (tear) you it is driven by blades 16 from the working chamber 3 through the nozzle 2 by an air flow sucked through the air intakes 10. The performance is controlled by changing the position of the cylindrical shell 7 relative to the cone 8, at which the area of passage of the material between the edge of the shell 7 and the side surface of the cone 8. inclusions are delayed on the magnetic ring 12 and removed after turning off the motor 19 and stopping the upper disk 11. The grinding module can be changed by replacing the sieves 15.

Claims (5)

1. Grain crusher, consisting of a frame, a hopper, an air intake, an outlet pipe, a working chamber closed by removable sieves, and pin and hammer grinding machines located in it, driven by an electric motor, characterized in that the working chamber is mounted horizontally, pin and on the frame hammer grinding machines include horizontal discs mounted on a vertical shaft driven by an electric motor, and in the hopper with the possibility of vertical movement to the working chamber using mechanical The primary drive has a cylindrical shell covering the cone on a magnetic ring fixed to the upper disk of the pin apparatus. 2. The grain crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pin apparatus, the upper pins are installed on the inner surface of the lid of the working chamber, and the lower pins on the upper disk. 3. The grain crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the hammer apparatus is mounted on the upper disk. 4. The grain crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades are fixed on the lower disk. 5. The grain crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the working chamber is closed by a 360 ° sieve.

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