RU172326U1 - Thermoelectric air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to transport engineering, in particular to thermoelectric air conditioners for a vehicle operating in harsh extreme conditions. A thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle comprises piped cooling unit with a heat exchanger and a fan for blowing cooled air into the vehicle cabin, a pump for supplying coolant to the heat exchanger, a heat discharge unit, and a control unit. Said heat exchanger includes thermoelectric modules pressed tightly by hot sides to the outer surfaces of flat profile tubes with a plurality of prism-like channels in the form of multifaceted prisms, for example trihedral, for pumping coolant. The air conditioner also contains cold radiators in contact with the cold sides of the said thermoelectric modules, and also contains elements of the heat exchanger mounting connections from the input and output pipes and from the opposite side. The thermoelectric air conditioner is equipped with holders of the ends of the profile flat pipes, while the holders are installed on both ends of each profile flat pipe and are placed in a vertical package on each side of the heat exchanger. The element of the heat exchanger mounting joints on the inlet and outlet side of the pipe is made in the form of an E-shaped wall, on the outside of which the pipes are installed, and its middle horizontal part is bonded to the central part of the holder package with the possibility of forming the input and output fitting manifolds. The mounting element of the heat exchanger from its opposite side is made in the form of a U-shaped wall connected to a package of holders on the said side of the heat exchanger with the possibility of forming a rotary fitting manifold. The number of flat profile pipes communicating with the input fitting manifold is equal to the number of said pipes communicating with the output fitting manifold. The internal volume of each flat profile pipe is made in the form of a structure of supporting arches composed of inclined edges of the side faces of prism-like channels, for example, triangular section prisms arranged in a row along the horizontal geometric axis of each mentioned pipe. In each of the internal prism-like channels, one side face is made with a wavy surface. Cold radiators are made in the form of a set of many straight parallelepipeds, each of which is composed of curved Z-shaped elements in cross-section, and the horizontal parts of these elements form two opposite flat side faces of each of these parallelepipeds, placed with the possibility of tight tight plane contact with the cold sides thermoelectric modules, and the inclined parts of the Z-shaped elements form through channels for blowing cooled air. This design of a thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle makes it possible to increase its strength, reliability, compactness, endurance, ensure the stability of obtaining calculated output parameters and a high resource of trouble-free operation when operating in harsh extreme conditions (thermal cycling, intense mechanical stress, etc.) and provide a personalized supply of cool air into the human breathing zone.

Description

The utility model relates to transport engineering, namely, thermoelectric devices for air conditioning in the cabs of vehicles, mainly thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles designed for local cooling (or heating) of certain areas (for example, breathing zones) in small workplaces the interior space of a vehicle operating in harsh extreme conditions.

A useful model - thermoelectric air conditioning for a vehicle - can be used in various fields of technology, in particular, in special vehicles operating in difficult climatic conditions (for example, in areas of abnormally hot weather, in areas of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storms and tornadoes in deserts, extensive fires), which are characterized by sharp changes in temperature (multiple thermal cycling), sharp and long-term vibrations (strong shaking and significant banks in different directions ), Significant fluctuations of atmospheric pressure, intense (drums) mechanical effects.

Today, when highly reliable and environmentally friendly thermoelectric cooling modules (TEMOs) are widely used in cooling devices, the prospects for creating thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles of low power (up to 3.5 kW) and cooling capacity up to 1 are quite promising. 5 kW, in which the use of traditional freon air conditioners is environmentally unprofitable.

Various thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles are known. However, in the art, a number of design and technological problems remain unresolved.

Currently, they continue to improve the design of thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles, while solving problems associated with increasing the strength of the structure and improving the stability of obtaining the calculated output parameters of the device, while ensuring small dimensions and weight, as well as trouble-free operation for a long time, solved by creating new designs of the main elements of the device and the means connecting them, with increased strength properties and great accuracy th assembly.

Particular attention in the field of developing designs of thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles is given to the problem of increasing the reliability of the device during operation in conditions of repeated thermal cycling, sharp vibrations and intense mechanical stresses.

Moreover, of great importance in the design of air conditioners is the ability to stably provide a personalized supply of cool air to the human breathing zone.

This is especially important when working in extreme conditions, for example, in conditions with an increased air temperature of up to plus 55 ° C in the inhabited compartment of military armored vehicles (for example, in a tank) moving at high speed. It is known that when a person overheats, the reaction speed decreases, this is critical for the performance of each crew member (commander, gunner, or pilot of a combat aircraft).

Thermoelectric air conditioners that work on cooling and provide cool air to the breathing zone of each crew member will help ensure high combat efficiency.

Various designs of thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles are widely known.

Small-sized air conditioners with low weight are of interest. For example, from RF patent No. 2529045, (IPC B60H 1/00, published September 27, 2014), a small-sized thermoelectric air conditioner is known that is designed to create optimal climatic conditions in elevator cabins, trams and trolleybuses. This well-known air conditioner contains thermoelectric modules, cold and hot radiators of the conditioning and technological circuits, blown by air currents and in contact with the heat-absorbing and heat-absorbing areas of the modules. The cold radiators of the air conditioning circuit with the help of insulating walls are divided into two segments connected in series. Two pairs of segments are placed in parallel and connected on one side by an arched reflector, providing a 180 ° turn of the air flow. Due to this design, a reduction in the dimensions of the device is achieved.

However, this known design of an air conditioner has a number of significant disadvantages.

The disadvantage of this design is its low energy efficiency, due to the following reasons. In this design, the amount of air in the conditioning circuit is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the selection of cold from the cold sides of the thermal modules. As a result, cooling capacity is significantly reduced. In this design, the operating conditions of thermoelectric modules are also worsened (a set of the required temperature difference is not provided), which leads to their rapid destruction. This indicates a low reliability and fragility of this air conditioner. These disadvantages impede the use of this known design of an air conditioner in the face of sudden temperature changes and intense mechanical stress.

Known devices for air conditioning a vehicle in which they solve the problem of increasing refrigeration capacity. For example, there is a known installation for air conditioning (Aut. St. USSR No. 688351, MPK V60N 3/00, publ. 09/30/1979), designed to create a microclimate in the cabs of vehicles used, in particular, in quarries. This well-known installation is located in the roof hatch and contains thermoelectric batteries connected to a direct current source, a filter-ventilation system, a heat dissipation device and a control panel. To reduce the loss of cooled air, the installation is equipped with radiation-convective panels placed on the ceiling and directed by radiation, emitting cold or heat, surfaces to the operator’s area, and on the opposite side having thermal contact with the said thermoelectric batteries, and these panels are made with internal air channels with exhaust taps. This design of the installation does not ensure uniformity of the temperature field of the radiation surfaces of the panels and leads to the emergence of supercooled and overheated sections that impair the operation of thermoelectric batteries, reduce their refrigeration coefficient and lead to battery failure. These factors indicate low strength properties and unreliability of operation during operation of the known device, which impede the use of this design in conditions of sharp temperature changes and intense mechanical stresses.

A known installation for air conditioning for a vehicle (Aut. St. USSR No. 1382675, MPK B60N 3/00, published March 23, 1988) contains a radiation-convective panel, the air channels of which are connected via an air duct to a thermoelectric cooling unit. The thermoelectric panel batteries have thermal contact with the radiation surface of the panel made of individual plates. The air channels of the panel have air distribution nozzles, which provide regulation and distribution of the air flow supplied by the fan through the filter. The system for removing heat from hot junctions of thermopiles consists of an air-liquid radiator, a water pump connected via heat pipes to the liquid heat exchangers of the panel and a cooling unit. Power to the thermoelectric batteries of the panel and the cooling unit is supplied from the DC generator through the control panel.

The disadvantages of this known installation are as follows. In this installation, the problem of removing and removing heat from the hot sides of thermoelectric batteries is not efficiently solved, and the quality removal of heat flows from the cold sides of thermoelectric batteries is not structurally ensured. Therefore, in this installation it is not possible to ensure uniform distribution of the temperature field over the radiation surface of the panels, on which superheated and supercooled areas occur. At the same time, the temperature conditions of thermoelectric batteries deteriorate, which significantly reduces their refrigeration coefficient. In this case, failure of thermoelectric batteries is possible due to overheating of hot battery junctions in operating conditions in a hot climate. Thus, the significant disadvantages of this known installation are excessively low refrigerating capacity, low strength properties, unreliability during long-term operation.

These disadvantages impede the use of this known design of the radiation-convective type as a vehicle air conditioner, operating in conditions of sharp temperature changes and intense mechanical stress.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a device for air conditioning of a vehicle (RF Patent No. 2114010, IPC B60N 3/00, published: 06/27/1998. PROTOTYPE).

This known device for air conditioning in an automobile contains a control panel, a heat exchanger, a heat sink, connected by hoses to a pump for supplying coolant (for example, antifreeze). A fan installed in the car was used to blow heat from the said radiator.

The heat exchanger consists of aluminum flat oval pipes located one above the other, the ends of which are connected at both ends by a metal frame into a single cooling unit. Thermoelectric modules with cold and hot junctions (sides) are installed on the pipes. By hot junctions, the modules are glued with glue (glue based on low molecular weight rubber with high thermal conductivity) to the flat surfaces of the pipes. Cold junctions of the modules placed on adjacent pipes form channels, inside of which are finely-corrugated copper strips laid in these channels in the shape of a gear rack, the tips of the teeth of which are in contact with the cold junctions of the modules.

Aluminum pipes inside have several channels through which coolant flows. Cold, which is released by cold junctions of thermoelectric modules, is blown directly into the car interior.

The disadvantages of this known design of a thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle are low reliability of operation, instability of obtaining calculated output parameters, low cooling capacity, lack of strength and endurance, low trouble-free operation when operating in the mode of multiple thermal cycling and intense mechanical stress, that is, in harsh extreme conditions. The reasons for this are as follows. The rubber-based adhesive used to glue the thermoelectric module (TEM) with its hot side to the outer surface of the aluminum pipe has low thermal conductivity. Therefore, it cannot provide high-quality heat removal from the hot sides of TEMs. And in severe extreme conditions (with a sharp increase in temperature to 150 ° C and sharp mechanical stresses), this layer of glue is destroyed, as a result, the thermal contact of the TEMs with the aluminum pipe is broken, since the fastening of the TEMs to the mentioned pipe is broken. This leads to failure of the TEMs, and, consequently, the air conditioner. Also ineffective in this known device is the removal of cooled air flows from the cold sides of the TEMs using fine-grained copper strips placed (and not fixed) inside the channels, laid in the shape of a gear rack, the tips of the teeth of which are in contact with the cold sides of the TEMs. It is obvious that the aforementioned bitmap pattern of the contacting by the teeth of the said tape the cold sides of the TEMs is very small in area and does not provide high-quality cold removal. This significantly reduces the cooling capacity of the air conditioner.

Another structural drawback of the known device is the lack of intensification of the movement of the coolant during its movement in an aluminum pipe. This worsens the heat transfer rate from the hot sides of the TEMs. This disadvantage is due to the following reasons.

To obtain optimal cooling capacity in a thermoelectric air conditioner, the heat removal from the hot sides of the TEMs should be structurally provided much more efficiently than on the cold sides, since heat is generated on the hot sides 1.5-2 times more than on the cold ones.

To fulfill these conditions in a known design is not possible because of the fragile and unreliable fastening of TEMs to pipes, as well as the fragile and unreliable design of cold radiators, and the ineffective design of heat and cold. In this case, the temperature conditions of the TEMs deteriorate (a set of the necessary temperature difference is not provided), which significantly reduces their refrigeration coefficient. Frequent failures of TEMs are possible. These facts indicate that the design of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2114010 is fragile and unreliable in operation, unstable in terms of obtaining calculated output parameters, and has a low trouble-free operation resource. These disadvantages impede the use of this known design in harsh extreme conditions with the presence of intense mechanical stress and sudden changes in high and low temperatures.

Thus, the technical level at this point in time shows that the known thermoelectric air conditioners for vehicles do not have sufficient reliability, endurance during prolonged use in harsh extreme environmental conditions, do not provide a sufficiently high stability of performance, since the known designs are ineffective for transmitting cold and heat from the surfaces of thermocouples due to the unresolved following problems:

- lack of constructive possibility of reliable heat removal from the hot sides of thermal modules and the inefficiency of constructive solutions for heat transfer;

- lack of sufficiently effective technical solutions for high-quality removal of cold from the cold sides of thermal modules;

- lack of design capabilities to ensure stable working conditions for thermoelectric modules in the structure of the air conditioner.

The problem to which the claimed solution is directed is to create a highly reliable original thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle, the design of which differs from the known solutions in high operational reliability, optimal cooling capacity, compactness and small size, endurance and increased strength, long life without failures and a stable weekend parameters during operation in harsh extreme conditions.

These qualities should be ensured due to the fact that the claimed device solves the problem of high-quality removal and transfer of heat and cold from the surfaces of thermoelectric modules by improving the design of the air conditioner, creating a new design of the heat exchanger and its elements. Thanks to new designs, it was possible to solve the problem of ensuring high-quality heat removal and its removal from the hot sides of TEMs with sufficient intensity (1.5-2 times more than from the cold sides). Thanks to the creation of new designs of cold radiators, high-quality cold removal from the cold sides of TEMs is ensured. The problem of obtaining the optimal cooling capacity of the device and providing a personified supply of cool air to the breathing area of a person who is, for example, a member of the crew of a mobile vehicle of military equipment and located in the workplace in a small space of an inhabited compartment, such as a tank, is solved.

When creating the design of the claimed device for solving the tasks, the developed technical solution for operation in harsh extreme conditions should have:

- optimal compactness, manufacturability and simplicity of design with stringent restrictions on weight, dimensions and technical parameters;

- stability of the given output parameters;

- increased strength and endurance of both the main structural elements and the means connecting them;

- resistance to vibrations and shock loads (mechanical shocks of single and multiple actions: 500 / 20g, sinusoidal vibrations with a frequency range of 5 ÷ 500 Hz with an amplitude of vibration acceleration of 3g);

- high reliability of operation;

- resistance to roll and roll;

- minimum operating costs and ease of maintenance;

- Autonomous turning on and off of each unit;

- ensuring operability and preservation of the necessary parameters at high and low ambient temperatures (in the range of ambient temperatures from -50 ° C to + 50 ° C and absolute heights of up to 5000 m);

- providing a personalized supply of a stream of cool air into the breathing area for each crew member located in the living compartment of the vehicle;

- ensuring high fire resistance under severe extreme operating conditions;

- ensuring the requirements for durability and shelf life: the assigned full service life is at least 15 years, the assigned resource is at least 6,000 hours;

- ensuring the preservation of operability after exposure to low temperature to minus 65 ° C and high temperature to plus 70 ° C.

The claimed technical solution can be recognized as meeting the requirements of novelty, since no analogue has been found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the proposed object of protection.

The technical solution can be recognized as having an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from the prior art for a specialist.

The claimed technical solution meets the requirement of industrial applicability, since it is manufactured and used (see the attached advertisement on three sheets).

A thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle is proposed comprising a cooling unit connected by piping to a heat exchanger and a fan for blowing cooled air into a vehicle cabin, a heat rejection unit and a control unit, said heat exchanger comprising thermoelectric modules tightly pressed by hot sides to the outer surfaces of flat profile pipes with many internal prism-like channels in the form of prisms of a multifaceted section, for example, a trihedral, for cooling fluid supply, and cold radiators in contact with the cold sides of the said thermoelectric modules, as well as elements of the heat exchanger mounting connections from the input and output pipes and from its opposite side.

The achievement of these technical results is achieved due to the fact that the thermoelectric air conditioner for the vehicle is equipped with a holder for the ends of profile flat pipes, each of which is made in the form of a Π-shaped bracket having a slot in the middle part for connection with the end of the pipe, and the holders are mounted on both ends of each profile flat pipe and are placed in a vertical package on each side of the heat exchanger, and the element of the heat exchanger mounting connections from the input and output sides the nozzles are made in the form of a Ε-shaped wall, on the outside of which there are inlet and outlet nozzles, and its middle horizontal part is fastened to the central part of the holder package with the possibility of forming inlet and outlet fitting manifolds, and the heat exchanger mounting connections element from its opposite side is made in in the form of a U-shaped wall connected to a package of holders on the mentioned side of the heat exchanger with the possibility of forming a rotatable fitting manifold, the number of flat profiles of pipes connected to the input fitting manifold is equal to the number of pipes communicating with the output fitting manifold, while the internal volume in each flat profile pipe is made in the form of a structure of supporting arches composed of inclined ribs of the side faces of prism-like channels, for example, a triangular section, placed in a row along the horizontal surface of each of the aforementioned flat profile pipes, and in each of the internal prism-like channels one side face is made with a wavy surface, when The volume of cold radiators is made in the form of a set of many straight parallelepipeds, each of which is composed of many curved Z-shaped elements in cross-section, the horizontal parts of these elements forming two opposite flat side faces of each of the above parallelepipeds, which are placed with the possibility of ensuring tight planar contact of the aforementioned side faces with cold sides of thermoelectric modules, and the inclined parts of Z-shaped elements form through channels for blowing cooled wow air.

The essence of the claimed device is illustrated by the following drawings:

- FIG. 1- thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle 1 (fully equipped, axonometric),

- FIG. 2 - thermoelectric air conditioning for vehicle 1 (hydraulic circuit, three-unit modification),

- FIG. 3 - cooling unit 3 (axonometry, front view),

- FIG. 4 - cooling unit 3 (axonometry, rear view with the wall removed,

- FIG. 5 - heat exchanger 4 (axonometry),

- FIG. 6 - heat exchanger 4 (longitudinal section),

- FIG. 7 - holder 18 (axonometry),

- FIG. 8 - profile pipe 12 with holders 18 (axonometry),

- FIG. 9 - E-shaped wall 22 (axonometry),

- FIG. 10 - cold radiator 28 (axonometry),

- FIG. 11 - profile pipe 12 with channels 17 (type A),

- FIG. 12 - Π-shaped wall 26 (axonometry),

- FIG. 13 - Ζ-shaped element 29 of the radiator 28 (axonometry, front view),

- FIG. 14 - personified supply of cool air to the breathing area for each crew member.

The inventive device is a thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle - 1 (see Fig. 1, 2) comprises a cooling unit 3 connected by pipelines 2 (or flexible hoses) with a heat exchanger 4 (Fig. 5, 6) and a fan 10 for blowing off cooled air into the transport cabin means, a pump 5 for supplying a coolant (for example, Tosol A-40M brand coolant), a heat rejection unit 33 with a heat sink 7 and heat exhaust fans 8 and a control unit 6 (Fig. 1).

The cooling unit 3 (Fig. 3, 5) consists of a metal casing 11, in which a heat exchanger 4 (Fig. 5, 6) with thermoelectric cooling modules (TEMO) 15 (Fig. 6), cold air radiators 9, and blower fans 10 is placed cooled air and a liquid heat removal system, including flat profile pipes 12 (Fig. 9) and elements of the mounting connections of the heat exchanger 4 from the input 13 and output 14 pipes and elements of the mounting connections from its opposite side (Fig. 3, 4).

The heat exchanger 4 (Fig. 5, 6, 9) contains thermoelectric modules 15 tightly pressed by the hot 16 sides to the outer surfaces of the flat profile pipes 12 with many internal prism-like channels 17 in the form of prisms with a multifaceted cross section, for example, trihedral (see Fig. 8, eleven).

The thermoelectric modules 15 are pressed against the outer surfaces of the flat profile pipes 12 by means of fasteners, for example, studs 37 and flat springs 38, uniformly placed on the flat heat transfer surface of the profile pipes 12 of the heat exchanger 4 (Fig. 5). The thermoelectric modules 15 and the above-mentioned pipes 12 are fastened elements 37 and 38 are carried out with an optimized torque value, for example, 1.1-1.4 nm. Inside each flat profile pipe 12, prismatic channels 17, in this case, channels 17 in the form of trihedral prisms, made in one row along the geometric longitudinal axis of the pipe 12 (see Fig. 8, 11).

Moreover, in each of the internal channels 17, one face has a wavy surface 39 (see Fig. 11). Mentioned wavy surface 39 provides the appearance of new (turbulent) properties for each flat profile pipe 12. Due to the wavy surfaces 39, the contact surface of the moving coolant with the hot surfaces of the pipes 12 is increased and the speed of the fluid with the transferred heat increases. This happens as follows. The presence of wavy surfaces 39 inside the channels 17 of the flat profile pipes 12 provides a turbulent nature of the coolant flowing through the pipes 12. A distinctive feature of turbulent fluid motion is the chaotic motion of particles in the flow. However, there are some patterns that are manifested in the following. The flow is carried out as a result of fluid pulsation. It is characteristic of a turbulent fluid flow: in the peripheral layers, the regime of motion is laminar, in the center, turbulent.

Thus, the fluid flow consists of a laminar zone (near the channel wall) and a turbulent central flow core (in the center) and, since the velocity towards the center of the turbulent flow increases rapidly, the thickness of the peripheral laminar layer is insignificant, this layer is called a laminar film, the thickness of which depends from the speed of the fluid. Turbulent motion is characterized by fluid mixing, pulsation of speeds and pressures. In turbulent motion, the velocity distribution is more uniform, and the increase in velocity at the wall is steeper than in laminar flow.

Thus, a thin laminar film of a turbulent fluid flow more intensively and efficiently removes and transfers heat from hot surfaces to a turbulent coolant flow. That is, such a design of flat profile pipes increases the efficiency of heat removal and transfer from the hot sides of TEMs. This effect is ensured by the appearance of the above-mentioned pipes 12 properties new to them - turbulent. A new property is manifested in the inventive device 1 due to the execution with a wavy surface of at least one of the faces of the internal channels of the profile pipes 12.

Explanation of Terms

1. The collector - [from lat. Collector] - a wide channel or pipe for the removal of gases or liquids coming from other channels or pipes. The Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, ed. S.A. Kuznetsova, St. Petersburg, Norint, 2000, p. 404.

2. Fitting - [Eng. Fitting - to fit, assemble] - the general name of the connecting parts of the pipeline installed in the places of its turns, branches, transitions from one diameter to another. The Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, ed. S.A. Kuznetsova, St. Petersburg, Norint, 2000, p. 1425.

3. Turbulent - [from Lat. Turbulentus - stormy, messy]. Specialist. It is characterized by an disordered, chaotic motion of particles along complex trajectories, as a result of which strong mixing occurs between the layers of a moving liquid or gas. The Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, ed. S.A. Kuznetsova, St. Petersburg, Norint, 2000, p. 1353.

Prismatic channels 17 of flat profile pipes 12 are designed for pumping coolant in a liquid heat removal system.

Moreover, the internal volume of each flat profile pipe 12 is a structure of supporting arches 19, composed of inclined ribs 19 of the side faces of prism-like channels (see Fig. 8, 11).

Explanation of the term - "arch":

Suspension arch - an auxiliary arch that strengthens or supports the arch in various types of vaulted structures, one type of which are, for example, arches that strengthen the cylindrical arch in the form of thickenings of the arch located under its inner surface.

1. Website Internet: dic.academic.ru

2. The architectural dictionary.

3. Encyclopedia of terms.

The structure of the supporting arches 19 (Fig. 11) inside each profile pipe 12 strengthens each of them from the inside, providing increased strength and endurance to the mentioned pipes 12, and therefore, significantly increasing the reliability of operation of the entire structure when exposed to intense mechanical shocks and long-term vibrations.

The thermoelectric air conditioner 1 is equipped with holders 18 of the ends of the flat profile pipes 12, each of which is made in the form of a Π-shaped bracket having a slot 20 in the middle part for connection with the end of the pipe 12 (Fig. 7, 8).

Explanation of the term - "bracket":

A bracket is a fastener, which in most cases is a strip of metal bent in the form of an arc or a letter Π, which is strengthened in some way depending on its purpose. Allows you to quickly and reliably fix structural elements.

It rarely breaks due to stress and temperature changes (ru.wikipedia.ru).

Holders 18 are installed on both ends of each profile pipe 12 (Fig. 8). In this case, the holders 18 (together with permanently connected flat profile pipes) are placed by a vertical package 21 on each side of the heat exchanger 4 (Fig. 5, 6).

The presence of the holders 18 of the ends of the pipes in the form of an Π-shaped bracket provides a strong fixation of each pipe 12 in horizontal and vertical positions, and the subsequent placement of the holders 18 with a vertical package on each side of the heat exchanger 4 significantly increased the stability and strength of the fixed position of the package of flat profile pipes 12 (Fig. . 5, 6).

Such a strong fixed position of the pipes 12 made it possible to ensure the strength and reliability of the fastening of the thermoelectric modules 15 to the pipes, which significantly improved the quality of the mechanical contact of the surfaces of the thermoelectric modules and the external surfaces of the pipes. This allowed us to provide a stable, sufficiently high cooling capacity.

Thus, the presence of the holders 18 allowed to significantly increase the strength properties of the design of the inventive thermoelectric air conditioner 1, which made it possible to provide the inventive device with resistance to vibration and shock loads, to provide trouble-free operation with significant rolls and rolling of the vehicle.

Elements of the mounting connections of the heat exchanger 4 from the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of the nozzles are made in the form of a Ε-shaped wall 22 (see Fig. 5, 6, 9), on the outside of which the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of the nozzle are installed, and its middle horizontal part fastened to the central part of the package of holders 18 with the possibility of the formation of the input 24 and output 25 fitting manifolds (Fig. 6).

Elements of the mounting connections of the heat exchanger 4 from its opposite side from the inlet 13 and outlet 14 of the nozzles are made in the form of a Π-shaped wall 28 connected to the package of holders 18 on the said side of the heat exchanger 4 with the possibility of forming a rotary fitting manifold 27 (Fig. 5, 6).

The presence in the design of the inventive air conditioner 1 element of the mounting connections of the heat exchanger 4 from the input 13 and output 14 pipes, made in the form of a Ε-shaped wall 22, on the outside of which the input 13 and output 14 pipes are installed, and its average horizontal motionlessly fastened (for example, soldering) with the central part of the package of holders 18 with the possibility of forming the input and output fitting manifolds 25 and 26, as well as an element of mounting connections in the form of an Π-shaped wall 28 connected to the package of holders 18 on p on the opposite side of the heat exchanger 4 with the possibility of forming a rotary fitting manifold 27, it was possible to provide increased strength properties to the heat exchanger 4, as well as to provide high hermetic properties, which increased the reliability and efficiency of the supply and removal of coolant through the heat exchanger 4. These advanced designs significantly increased the tightness, strength and endurance of the claimed air conditioner 1, which allowed to provide the claimed device as a whole with increased stability s to vibration and mechanical stress, as well as a stable non-failure of its performance in harsh extreme conditions.

Moreover, the number of flat profile pipes 12 communicating with the input 24 fitting manifold is set equal to the number of the mentioned pipes 12 communicating with the output 25 fitting manifold.

Thanks to this design, the speed and efficiency of heat removal and heat flux transfer from the hot sides of the thermoelectric modules 15 are significantly increased, the intensive uniformity of these processes is ensured, and conditions are created for a stable and reliable temperature regime to ensure the failure-free operation of the thermoelectric modules 15 during operation of the inventive thermoelectric air conditioner . In this case, the cold radiators 9 are made in the form of a set of many straight parallelepipeds 28 (Figs. 5, 6), each of which is composed of many bent elements of a Ζ-shaped cross section (pos. 29 of Figs. 5, 6, 10, 13), moreover the horizontal parts of these radiators 9 form two opposite flat side faces of each of the above parallelepipeds 28 (Fig. 10), placed with the possibility of ensuring tight planar contact with the cold sides of thermoelectric modules 15 (Fig. 5, 6), and the inclined parts of the Ζ-shaped elements 29 form through ery channels 30 for blowing through them cooled air (Fig. 5, 6, 10).

Due to this design, cold radiators 9 (in the form of many straight parallelepipeds) are tightly stacked and sandwiched between the cold sides of thermoelectric modules 15 (Fig. 5, 6). In this case, the flat surfaces of the parallelepipeds 28 of cold radiators 9 are tightly pressed to the same flat surface area of the cold sides of the thermoelectric modules 15. This ensures a complete and reliable removal of cold by this design of radiators 9. On the other hand, such a clamp of radiators 9 provides their reliable stable compressed stable position that does not change with shaking, rolls and vibrations. Due to this design of cold radiators 9 and their fastening in the inventive device, the strength and reliability of the air conditioner are increased, as well as the effective removal of cooled air and its supply to the breathing zone of a person sitting in a small space of the vehicle cabin is ensured.

On the front panel of the casing of the cooling unit 3 there are deflectors 32 (Fig. 1, 3) for changing the direction of the cooled air, as well as controls, displays and the necessary switches with the corresponding symbols (not shown in Fig.).

Inside, on the rear panel of the casing of the cooling unit 3, an electric fan 10 is installed, designed to supply air to the through channels 30 of the radiator 9.

On the right side wall of the cooling unit 3, a cable comes out through the seal with a connector for connection to the control unit 6 and a ground stud for connecting the negative power wire (not shown in Fig.).

The control unit 6 consists of a metal housing with fasteners to the product.

On the side wall of the control unit 6 are connectors for connecting the cooling units 3 and the supply voltage.

The heat rejection unit 33 includes a heat sink 7 and heat rejection fans 8. The heat sink radiator 7 consists of an aluminum liquid radiator 7, two heat reject fans 8, a metal housing for fixing in the product (Fig. 1, 2).

In the upper part of the heat sink radiator 7 there is a unit for removing air from the hydraulic system when it is filled with coolant (not shown in Fig.).

In the lower part of the radiator 7 there is a fitting, a rubber sleeve and a needle valve for draining the liquid coolant (not shown in Fig.).

Pump 5 (electric liquid pump) has an electric motor mounted on a common base. The pump 5 has two nozzles - the central 34 - for the entrance of the coolant, and the side pipe 35 - for the exit of the coolant. A power cable (not shown in FIG.) With a connector allows the pump 5 to be connected to the control unit 6.

This device - thermoelectric air conditioner 1 for a vehicle - was created as a basic one with the possibility of manufacturing different versions. Each version is distinguished by the number of cooling units. So, for operating military vehicles in mobile vehicles, two versions of this air conditioner are produced: two-unit and three-unit (see the attached advertisement on 3 sheets).

The placement of the blocks of the specified air conditioner is as follows:

- cooling units 3 are placed in a habitable compartment of a vehicle (for example, a tank), with each cooling unit 3 being installed opposite each crew member;

- the remaining blocks of the device are placed outside on the vehicle.

The inventive thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle operates as follows.

Thermoelectric conditioner is installed on the product and connected to the hydraulic system of the product. Hydraulic system is filled with coolant. Carry out the preparation for the operation of all product systems.

The operation of the air conditioner in the following modes is provided:

- conditioning mode - at an air temperature inside the inhabited compartment not lower than 15 ° С;

- ventilation mode - at an ambient temperature of minus 50 ° С to plus 55 ° С.

The conditioning mode is as follows. When you turn on the toggle switch “Air conditioning” on the panel of the cooling unit 3, the fans 8 of the heat sink 7 are turned on, the electric motor of the electric liquid pump 5, the fan 10 of the cooling unit 3 are turned on and the supply voltage is supplied to the thermoelectric cooling modules 15 (TEMO). When direct current flows through the TEMO, heat is released on one side (“hot”), and heat is absorbed on the other side (“cold”). The heat released on the “hot” sides of the TEMO is absorbed by the coolant (coolant) passing through the channels of the pipes 12 and through the outlet pipe 14 through hoses 2 is supplied to the heat sink 7, where it is removed by powerful fans 8 to the external environment.

The cold generated on the cold sides of the TEMO is removed from these sides by the flat surfaces of the cold radiators 9 and the fan 8, using the air blown through the through channels 30 of the radiator 9, it supplies the cooled air through deflectors 32 to the human breathing zone (for example, the tank commander), located at the workplace with a habitable compartment (cabin, cabin) of the vehicle (see Fig. 14).

The conditioning mode is implemented in each cooling unit 3, regardless of the state of the remaining cooling units.

The ventilation mode is as follows.

The “Ventilation” toggle-switch includes the electric motor of the air fan 10 and the air taken in at the rear of the cooling unit 3 exits through the deflectors 32 located on its front panel. The speed controller of said fan motor 10 allows you to smoothly change the amount of air supplied, setting the most comfortable ventilation conditions. Rotary deflectors 32 allow you to direct the air flow in the desired direction. The ventilation mode is implemented in each cooling unit 3, regardless of the state of the remaining cooling units.

In the inventive thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle, the following problems are structurally solved:

- the possibility of reliable heat removal from the hot sides of the thermal modules is structurally ensured;

- Structurally solved the problem of increasing the efficiency of heat transfer;

- thanks to the new design of the cold radiator created, high-quality removal of cold and the supply of chilled air to the human breathing area are ensured;

- temperature conditions have been constructively created for stable fail-safe operation of thermoelectric modules.

Moreover, in the claimed design of a thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle, the following technical and economic results are achieved:

- optimal compactness, manufacturability and simplicity of design with stringent restrictions on weight, dimensions and technical parameters;

- stability of the given output parameters;

- increased strength and endurance of both the main elements in the structure and the means connecting them;

- resistance to vibrations and shock loads (mechanical shocks of single and multiple actions: 500 / 20g, sinusoidal vibrations with a frequency range of 5 ÷ 500 Hz with an amplitude of vibration acceleration of 3g);

- high reliability of operation;

- stability during rolls and rolls;

- minimum operating costs and ease of maintenance;

- Autonomous inclusion and switching off of each block;

- ensuring the operability and preservation of the necessary parameters at high and low ambient temperatures (in the range of ambient temperatures from -50 ° C to + 50 ° C and absolute heights of up to 5000 m);

- providing a personalized supply of a stream of cool air into the breathing area for each crew member located in the living compartment of the vehicle;

- ensuring high fire resistance under harsh extreme operating conditions;

- ensuring the requirements for durability and shelf life: the assigned full service life is at least 15 years, the assigned resource is at least 6,000 hours;

- ensuring the preservation of operability after exposure to low temperature to minus 65 ° C and high temperature to plus 70 ° C.

Thus, the claimed technical solution is an original thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle, which differs from the known solutions by its high reliability, optimal cooling capacity, compactness and small size and weight, special endurance and increased strength, long life of trouble-free operation and stable output parameters during operation in harsh extreme conditions.

Claims (1)

A thermoelectric air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising a cooling unit connected by piping to a heat exchanger and a fan for blowing cooled air into the vehicle cabin, as well as a pump for supplying coolant to a heat exchanger, a heat rejection unit and a control unit, wherein said heat exchanger includes thermoelectric modules tightly pressed hot sides to the outer surfaces of flat profile pipes with many prismatic internal channels in the form of multifaceted prisms with for example, trihedral, for pumping coolant and cold radiators in contact with the cold sides of the said thermoelectric modules, as well as elements of the heat exchanger mounting connections from the inlet and outlet nozzles and from the opposite side, characterized in that it is provided with holders of ends of profile flat pipes, each of which is made in the form of a U-shaped bracket having a slot in the middle part for connection with the end of the said pipe, while the holders are installed on both ends of each They are placed in a vertical tube on each side of the heat exchanger, and the mounting element of the heat exchanger on the side of the inlet and outlet pipes is made in the form of an E-shaped wall, on the outside of which the mentioned pipes are installed, and its middle horizontal part is fastened to the central part of the holder package with the possibility of forming the input and output fitting manifolds, and the mounting element of the heat exchanger from its opposite side is made in the form of a U-shaped wall, with unified with the package of holders on the mentioned side of the heat exchanger with the possibility of forming a rotary fitting manifold, the number of flat profile pipes communicating with the input fitting manifold equal to the number of pipes communicating with the output fitting manifold, while the internal volume of each flat profile pipe is made in the form of arches composed of inclined ribs of the lateral faces of prismatic channels, for example, a triangular section, placed in a row along the horizontal over each said flat profile pipe, and in each of the internal prism-like channels, one side face is made with a wavy surface, while the cold radiators are made in the form of a set of straight parallelepipeds, each of which is composed of many curved Z-shaped elements in cross section, and the horizontal parts of these elements form two opposite side faces of each of the said parallelepipeds, placed with the possibility of ensuring a dense planar contact of the aforementioned lateral faces of parallelepipeds with cold sides of thermoelectric modules, and the inclined parts of Z-shaped elements form through channels for blowing cooled air.

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