RU171483U1 - A device for the separate collection of grain losses allowed by the components of a combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to means of quality control of the technological process of agricultural machines and can be used to determine grain losses allowed by combine harvesters during harvesting. The purpose of the utility model is to improve the quality and reduce the complexity of accounting for grain losses allowed by the combine harvester with the possibility of harvesting. their separation during the sampling process for the header and the ISU of the combine, as well as simplifying the design of the device for collecting grain losses. represents a cylindrical plastic case with two rectangular windows cut in it from above on the same length, insulated from each other in the middle part of a cylindrical fixed plastic partition and individually overlapped by a movable spherical cover, the lateral ribs of which are interfaced with the side stops-limiters, on which it can moving along grooves cut out at the sides from one sampling window to another.

Description

The device relates to means of quality control of the technological process of agricultural machines and can be used to determine grain losses allowed by combine harvesters in the harvesting process.

A well-known controlled device for collecting grain losses allowed by combine harvesters for harvesting according to patent 2137346 C1 A01D 75/00, which is installed and fixed in the barn before the work (passage) of the combine and is intended for separate collection of grain losses behind the header and behind the threshing and separating device (LSG).

The known device according to patent 2137346 contains a rotary partition located inside a rectangular metal container, which divides the total capacity into two compartments, one of them closes after selecting the losses behind the header and at the same time the other opens to select the losses for the ISU of the combine. To exclude the displacement of the device in the barn, it is fixed with lugs by pressing them into the soil.

The disadvantages of the aforementioned device according to patent 2137346 are as follows:

- the rotary partition in the process of collecting losses is always located at an angle to the horizon, which does not exclude the release of part of the losses outside the device when the grain falls and impact on an inclined plane;

- the compartments for the collection of losses are separated by an inclined movable partition installed with a gap relative to the side walls of the device, which requires high precision manufacturing. Moreover, fragments of harvested plants of comparable size (shells of grains and other fragments) can fall into the gaps and prevent the rotation of the movable partition;

- the vertically protruding lever above the capacity of the device during operation of the combine must rest against the cutting apparatus of the header, there is a high probability that it can damage it, so when passing the combine over the device, it is necessary to accurately maintain the height of the header above the device, which cannot be guaranteed due to vertical vibrations reapers from field surface irregularities;

- metal consumption of the device, the presence of traumatic protruding parts and corners.

The purpose of the utility model is to improve the quality and reduce the complexity of accounting for grain losses allowed by the combine harvester during harvesting with the possibility of separation during the sampling process for the harvester and the control unit of the combine, as well as simplifying the design of the device for collecting grain losses.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is made in the form of a cylindrical plastic pipe having two rectangular (sampling) windows of the same length, designed to collect losses (behind the header and LSG), the outer diameter of which does not exceed the minimum (recommended) cut height of the plants with the combine header.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of a device for separately collecting grain losses allowed by the components of a combine harvester with enlarged extension elements in FIG. 2 (view A) and in FIG. 3 (view B), in FIG. 4 is a bottom view along the cross section DD (FIG. 1) with enlarged extension elements of FIG. 5 (view B) and FIG. 6 (view D), in FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the middle part along the section GG (FIG. 1), in FIG. 8 is a general view of the device; FIG. 9 is a view of the device installed in the row-spacing and in FIG. 10 process of lowering the mechanism for sampling grain losses allowed by the combine.

The proposed device for collecting grain losses (Fig. 1) contains the following structural elements. Housing 1 in the form of a cylindrical plastic pipe with two rectangular windows of the same length cut out on top of it, designed to collect losses (behind the header and LSG).

Rectangular (sampling) windows are isolated from each other in the middle part by a cylindrical plastic partition 2, and from the edges by cylindrical plastic plugs 3 and 4, connected to the housing 1 by means of glue and screws. A spherical cover 5 is installed over a rectangular hole with the possibility of movement along the body, the length of which exceeds the length of each of the sampling windows. From one end of the inner side of the spherical cover 5 (Fig. 1), the end of the spring 7 is fixed with a threaded connection 10 using a bracket, the second end of which passes through the hole cut out at the top in the plastic partition 2 and is fixed with the identical bracket 11 to the cylindrical plastic plug 3. The lateral ribs are spherical the covers 5 are interfaced with lateral stops-stops along which it has the ability to move along the body along the cut out longitudinal grooves along the pins 12 (Fig. 5 view B), pressed through the holes in the body 1 and passing through the grooves in the spherical cover 5. Support pins 6 are mounted on the pins 12, fixed by two nuts 13 with a clearance so that the spherical cover 5 can move freely under the action of the spring 7. The spherical cover 5 is held in the extended position of the spring 7 by a fixing pin 8 (Fig. 6, view D), mounted coaxially through the hole in the spherical cover 5 and the hole in the housing 1 and holds the spherical cover 5 in this position. The device is fixed on the soil surface along the edges with semicircular metal pins 9, made in the form of semicircular brackets. The proposed device has dimensions: diameter × length: 10 cm × 65 cm and a wall thickness of 0.2 cm. To reduce the manufacturing time, a standard plastic pipe is used.

The technological process of collecting grain losses by the proposed device for the combine harvester is as follows.

The device is installed before the passage of the combine in the row-spacing of the bread stand in the direction of movement of the combine from an open to a closed window outside the zone of passage of the wheels and is fixed at the edges (Fig. 9) by semicircular metal pins 9 (Fig. 1) by pressing them into the ground.

Overcoming the force of the spring 7, the spherical cover 5 is transferred to the extreme position opposite to the plug 3, and fix it in this position by installing through the hole in the spherical cover 5 and the hole in the housing 1 of the trigger mechanism, consisting of a locking pin 8 with an eye (Fig. 4 ) connected to the cord. The cord is placed on the surface of the earth, and the extreme free end is led to a sloping bread stand (beyond the width of the upcoming passage of the combine header).

When the combine passes over the installed sampler, grain losses from the header fall (wake up) into the open half, while the window remains open until the header completely passes over the device. After the cutting apparatus has passed through the header, the retaining pin 8 is pulled out using the cord. Under the action of the spring 7, the spherical cover 5 moves in the opposite direction, blocking the first compartment containing the losses behind the header from above and opens the second compartment for receiving losses for the ISU.

After the combine has passed through the first and second sampler compartments, losses are sequentially extracted into different containers, they are cleaned, weighed, and the amount (%) of grain losses behind the header and ISU is determined for subsequent comparison with acceptable losses.

Claims (1)

A device for the separate collection of grain losses allowed by combine harvesters, consisting of a housing, a dividing wall, a spring, a trigger with a locking pin, characterized in that the housing of the device is made in the form of a cylindrical plastic pipe with two rectangular windows of the same length cut from it on top, insulated apart from each other in the middle part of a cylindrical fixed plastic partition and individually spanned by a movable spherical cover, side ribs They are coupled with lateral stops-limiters, along which it has the ability to move along the grooves cut in the sides from one sampling window to another.

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