RU171471U1 - UNIVERSAL LOADER-EXCAVATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A utility model - a universal loader-excavator belongs to the field of construction, road and agricultural machinery designed for loading and unloading operations. A universal loader-excavator includes a self-propelled chassis with an operator's cab, an arrow, a boom lifting hydraulic cylinder, a working body. the boom is mounted on a column that rotates around the vertical axis and consists of two telescopic links: the boom itself and the boom extension, for fixing the boom in the forward position on the frame a loader is equipped with a hydraulic hydraulic clamp that fixes the rotary column, and to change the angle between the telescopic boom links, a boom extension cylinder is installed, the body of which is pivotally connected to one telescopic link (the boom itself), and the rod is pivotally connected to another telescopic link (boom extension) . In addition, the operator’s cab has a hydraulic drive turning to the "forward" or "back" position for loading operations in the frontal way or by the rotary boom method. This embodiment provides energy (fuel) savings, increased productivity and enhanced technological capabilities of the device.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, road and agricultural machinery designed for loading and unloading.

The vast majority of backhoe loaders are made on a wheeled chassis, which provides front-end cargo movement and unloading, in which the loader, moving on wheels forward, grabs the cargo, then moves to the unloading place and performs unloading.

Widely known are front loaders with a telescopic boom (see www.MERLO), which have a boom fixed around the vertical axis, at the end of which there is a front-mounted load-gripping member (for example, a front bucket). Changing the working reach of the boom is done by moving the elements of the telescopic boom relative to each other. Cargo is captured, moved and unloaded in a frontal way - the loader moving forward on the chassis wheels captures the cargo (for example, filling the frontal bucket with bulk cargo), then moves back, moves to the unloading place, unloads the cargo from the working body, moves to the place capture of cargo, then such a cycle is repeated many times.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that to move the cargo from the place of its capture to the place of unloading, it is necessary to move not only the cargo itself, but also the whole loader, whose weight is 5-6 times the weight of the payload, which causes a large consumption of energy (fuel) and reduces the productivity of loading operations, in addition, due to the inability to turn the boom, it is impossible to perform excavation work.

A well-known universal loader-excavator, including a self-propelled chassis with an operator’s cabin, an arrow with an extension pivotally mounted on its end, mounted on a column rotatable around the vertical axis, a boom lifting hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder for changing the angle between the boom and the extension, a working body, (Information and advertising magazine " AIC Market ”No. 11 (133), pp. 34-35, 2014).

This backhoe loader carries out excavation works. However, it is not possible with this loader to capture, move and unload cargo in a frontal way, in which the loader, moving on wheels forward, captures the cargo, then moves to the unloading place and performs unloading.

The objective of the utility model is to combine in one device the capabilities of a front-end loader with the capabilities of an backhoe loader.

This is achieved by the fact that the boom and extension are telescopic and equipped with a telescoping hydraulic actuator, while the extension is located on the end of the telescopic boom link, and a rotary column lock is installed on the loader frame for front-end operation. The operator’s cab has a hydraulic drive turning to the "forward" or "back" position for loading operations in the frontal way or the way of the rotary boom.

Due to the fact that the boom and extension are made telescopic, and the cab is offset to the side from the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chassis, it is possible to perform work both in the frontal way, by lowering the boom next to the cab to the desired height and capturing the load in front of the loader, and providing excavation work to a depth determined by the actual dimensions of the boom of a universal loader-excavator.

When working in the frontal way, the boom is set to the "forward" position, and the column is fixed from rotation by the locking mechanism. When working with the rotary boom, the boom is set to the "back" position, and the locking mechanism does not fix the column from rotation.

A detailed idea of the design of the proposed utility model is presented in the accompanying drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of a universal loader-excavator in the 3/4 view;

in FIG. 2 - universal loader-excavator in transport position, left view;

in FIG. 3 - the same, rear view,

in FIG. 4 - the same, when loading the frontal way, left view;

in FIG. 5 - the same, during loading operations with the rotation of the boom, right view;

in FIG. 6 - same, top view;

in FIG. 7 - the same, when performing excavation work, right view.

The universal loader-excavator contains a self-propelled chassis 1, on which are installed: a rotary operator's cab 2 with a hydraulic drive of rotation 3, a column 4, rotatable around the vertical axis, with an arrow, consisting of two telescopic links - boom 5 itself with boom lifting cylinder 6 and boom extension 7 s the boom extension cylinder 8, with which the angle between the boom 5 and the boom extension 7 is changed, as well as the working body 9 mounted on the end of the boom extension 7. The column 4 is rotated around a vertical the axis is carried out by a hydraulic cylinder 10. To fix the column 4 in the “forward” position, a locking mechanism is installed 11. The extension-retraction of the boom 5 itself is carried out by the hydraulic cylinder 12, the extension-retraction of the boom extension is carried out by the hydraulic cylinder 13.

Universal loader-excavator operates as follows. When performing loading operations in the frontal way, the operator's cab 2 rotates to the “forward” position, the boom together with the column 4 also rotates to the “forward” position and is fixed by the locking mechanism 11. A working tool 9 is installed (for example, a frontal bucket), the boom with the working body is lowered to the level of cargo capture. Further, when the loader moves forward, the working body 9 captures the load, the loader moves to the place of unloading, raises the boom, blocked from rotation along with the column 4, to the required height and performs unloading. At the same time, the working reach of the boom changes both due to the extension-retraction of the telescopic elements of the boom 5 itself and the extension of the boom 7 using the hydraulic cylinders 12 and 13, and due to a change in the angle between the boom and the boom extension using the hydraulic cylinder 8.

When performing loading operations by turning the boom (excavator way), the boom together with the column 4 is turned to the “back” position, the working body of the excavator type (for example, a grab) is installed, the operator's cab 2 also turns to the “back” position. Loading operations are carried out within the area of the working sector, limited by the angle of rotation of the column 4 with the boom and the limits of the working reach of the boom, which varies both due to the extension-retraction of the telescopic elements of the boom 5 itself using hydraulic cylinders 12 and 13, and due to a change in the angle between the actual boom 5 and the extension of the boom 7 using the hydraulic cylinder 8.

Claims (2)

1. Universal loader-excavator, including a self-propelled chassis chassis with an operator’s cabin, an arrow with an extension pivotally mounted on its end, mounted on a column rotatable around the vertical axis, an hydraulic cylinder for lifting the boom, a hydraulic cylinder for changing the angle between the boom and extension, a working body, characterized in that the boom and extension are telescopic and equipped with a telescoping hydraulic actuator, while the extension is located on the end of the telescopic boom link, and the latch is mounted on the loader frame otnoy column for frontal way. 2. The universal loader-excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the operator's cab has a hydraulic drive turning to the "forward" or "back" position to perform loading operations in a frontal way or a rotary boom way.

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