RU169612U1 - Cable-stayed cable-stayed construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in coatings of multi-span buildings and structures having an enlarged grid of columns. The technical task of the utility model is to reduce material consumption and simplify design solutions; reducing the cost of supporting structures. The technical result of the utility model is achieved by using a cable-stayed cable construction, which includes two families of prestressed bearing and stabilizing cables lying in vertical planes, combined by flexible ties and connected by spacers. Bearing cables are fixed at their ends to vertical racks mounted on flexible belts dividing the proposed coating design into a number of sections. Vertical racks are combined by horizontal ties that do not interfere with their longitudinal movement. The ends of the load-bearing cables are proposed to be located in the same plane, located between the upper and lower nodes of the struts that combine the load-bearing and stabilizing cables. 2 s.p. f-ly, 9 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used as a supporting frame for tent polymer mechanically stressed membranes in coatings of multi-span buildings and structures having an enlarged grid of columns.

Known two-belt cable-stayed farms designed to cover buildings. Their advantages: low dead weight, compact dimensions during transportation to the construction site, the ability to cover significant spans. However, the use of lightweight enclosing structures, such as a flexible polymer membrane, laid on the upper belts of Byte farms, is complicated by the need to limit the distances between neighboring farms. This leads to an increase in the material consumption of the coating and supporting structures.

Known solutions [1, 2], consisting of two-belt flat systems located in two mutually perpendicular directions. The disadvantages of solutions [1, 2] are the increased material consumption and the possibility of local accumulations of precipitation when using lightweight walling from a flexible polymer membrane.

A solution is known [3], consisting of two support loops located at a certain distance from each other in height, prestressed cables located in vertical planes, in two directions at an angle to each other, as well as flexible braces connecting cables of different directions between by myself. Cable-stayed cables are divided into two families (systems): load-bearing cables have a convexity downwards, are fixed to the upper support contour and are located above stabilizing cables that have a convexity upward. The disadvantages of the solution [3]: the difficulty of removing precipitation and the formation of snow bags on the surface of the coating, the difficulties for moving staff on the surface of the coating.

The closest to the proposed technical solution is the cable-stayed coating [4], which includes two families of prestressed bearing and stabilizing cables lying in the vertical planes. Guys of different families are interconnected by spacers and united by flexible connections. The ends of the stabilizing cables with a bulge up, fixed to the rectilinear rigid elements mounted on fixed supports. The ends of the load-bearing cables are fixed to the upper belts of the support cable-stayed trusses mounted on fixed supports located vertically and dividing the cable-stayed cable into a number of sections. The lower belts of the supporting cable-stayed trusses are equipped with tensioning devices and are combined with the upper belts of the supporting cable-stayed trusses with spacers.

The disadvantages of the technical solution [4], the following:

 the tension of the lower belts of the support cable-stayed trusses is not effectively transmitted to the bearing and stabilizing cables: the upper belts of the support cable-stayed farms take the bulk of the effort from the lower belts;

 the fastening of the load-bearing cables to the curved upper zones of the support cable-stayed trusses leads to the complication of the support structures intended for the perception of horizontal struts.

However, the main advantages of the technical solution [4] are as follows:

 the possibility of use in buildings with an enlarged grid of columns;

 the possibility of prestressing the structure as a whole by tensioning its individual elements;

 the possibility of maintenance of the coating;

 compact dimensions during transportation and at the stage of operation;

 the possibility of unification of structural elements.

Solution [4] is taken as a prototype.

The technical task of the utility model is to reduce the material consumption of cable-stayed cable construction, simplifying its structural solution; reduction of costs for supporting structures intended for the perception of horizontal spacers created by the proposed cable-stayed coating structure.

The technical result of the utility model is achieved by applying a cable-stayed cable construction, which includes two families of pre-stressed load-bearing and stabilizing cables lying in vertical planes, united by flexible ties and connected by spacers. The family of stabilizing cables with a bulge up is located above the family of bearing cables with a bulge down. The ends of the stabilizing cables are fixed to rigid elements mounted on articulated supports. The ends of the load-bearing cables are fixed to the vertical posts installed with their lower ends on flexible belts equipped with tensioning devices, dividing the proposed coating structure into a number of sections and fixed to the hinge supports. Vertical racks are combined by horizontal ties that do not interfere with their longitudinal movement.

In order to simplify the structures of supports perceiving the horizontal spacers of the proposed cable-stayed coating design, the ends of the cable-staying cables fixed to the vertical posts are placed in one plane.

In order to simplify and reduce the material consumption of the proposed cable-stayed coating design, the plane in which the ends of the load-bearing cables are located parallel to the plane passing through the hinge supports between the upper and lower nodes of the struts that combine the load-bearing and stabilizing cables.

The proposed technical solution is described by the following graphic materials.

In FIG. 1 shows an axonometric diagram of one section of the proposed cable-stayed coating design (first option).

In FIG. 2 shows an axonometric diagram of one section of the proposed cable-stayed cable construction (an option characterized by the bearing support cables).

In FIG. 3 is a top view of a section of the cable stay structure of FIG. one.

In FIG. 4 is a top view of a section of the cable stay structure of FIG. 2.

In FIG. 5 shows a section 1-1 of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 6 shows a section 2-2 of FIG. four.

In FIG. 7 shows a section 3-3 of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 8 shows a section 4-4 of FIG. four.

In FIG. 9 is a kinematic diagram (fragment A of FIG. 8).

The proposed technical solution includes two families of pre-stressed carriers lying in vertical planes 1 and stabilizing 2 cables, united by flexible connections (8, 9, 10) and connected by struts 6.

The family of stabilizing cables 2, having a convexity upward, is joined by flexible ties 8 and 9. It is located above the family of bearing cables 1, having a convexity downward and joined by flexible ties 10. The ties 10, which connect the supporting cables 1 in the direction from their planes, are fixed to rigid elements 4. Ties 10 lie in vertical planes and have a bulge up. The ends 3 of the stabilizing cables 2, are fixed to the rigid elements 4.

Rigid elements 4 are mounted on articulated supports 5 and 5a. Supports 5 are motionless (fixed in three mutually perpendicular directions). Each support 5a is fixed in only two directions (along the vertical axis and in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the corresponding rigid element 4).

The ends 11 of the supporting cables 1 are fixed to the vertical struts 17, installed at their lower ends on flexible belts 15, equipped with tensioning devices 16, dividing the proposed coating design into a series of sections 25 and fixed to the hinge supports 5 and 5a. The design of the tensioners 16 is known and is not the subject of the proposed technical solution.

The vertical struts 17 are connected by horizontal ties 12 using nodes 7 that do not interfere with the longitudinal movement of the struts 17.

The design of the links 12 and nodes 7 is known and is not the subject of this technical solution. The ties 12 are made, for example, of flexible steel cables equipped with tensioning devices 23. The nodes 7, for example, are vertical sleeves mounted on the ties 12 in the usual way.

For the perception of horizontal struts from bearing cables 1 and connections 8, sections 25 provide horizontal supports 14, the construction of which is known. With the sequential installation of a number of sections 25, horizontal struts are perceived by neighboring sections, and supports 14 are placed only at the extreme sections.

In order to simplify the structures of the supports perceiving the horizontal struts of the proposed cable-stayed coating structure, the ends 11 of the cable-stayed cables 1 fixed to the vertical posts 17 are placed in the same plane 19. In this case, the horizontal supports 14 necessary for the perception of the struts of the sections 25 of the cable-stayed cable structure are placed the plane 19. This allows you to make supports 14 in the form of a flat disk, for example a coupling truss of known design.

In order to simplify and reduce the material consumption of the proposed cable-stayed coating design, the plane 19, in which the ends 11 of the load-bearing cables 1 are located, are parallel to the plane 20 passing through the hinge supports 5 and 5a, between the upper 22 and lower 13 nodes of the struts 6 uniting the bearing 1 and stabilizing 2 guys.

However, flexible connections 10 are not required, since the stability of the bearing cables 1 is provided. The possible curvature of the carrier cable 1 from the vertical plane 21 will cause its rotation relative to the nodes 11 along the arc of a circle 28, as well as the rotation of the corresponding strut 6 connected to the cable guy 1, relative to the node 22 along the arc of a circle 29. In this case, the cable guy 1 will be extended by a value of 26, which will lead to the emergence of efforts in it, seeking to return the cable 1 to the equilibrium state in the plane 21.

The prestressing of section 25 of the byte coating, necessary for the perception of external loads, is carried out by tensioning devices 16 mounted on flexible belts 15. If necessary, the tension of the connections is made by 9 devices 23.

The enclosing structures in the upper zones of the proposed Byte coating are known and are not the subject of this technical solution. One of the preferred known solutions, for example, is the installation of an awning polymer membrane 18. In close proximity to the rigid elements 4, the awning membrane 18 should be reinforced with an additional layer (s) 24 of polymeric material.

Spatial stability and geometric immutability of the proposed cable-stayed coating design is provided (in the absence of an awning membrane 18 on its upper zones):

 the tension of the flexible belts 15, which, by means of vertical struts 17, fastened with horizontal ties 12, lift the bearing cables 1, which, in turn, abut by means of spacers 6 in the stabilizing cables 2 fixedly fixed by the nodes 3;

 setting of bonds 14 perceiving horizontal struts;

 staging and prestressing flexible ties 8-9, unfastening stabilizing cables 2;

 the setting and prestressing of flexible ties 10 that unfasten the support cables 1, or by the location of the plane 19, in which the ends 11 of the support cables 1 are located, parallel to the plane 20 passing through the hinged supports 5 and 5a, between the upper 22 and lower 13 nodes of the struts 6.

The presence of the awning membrane 18 on the upper zones of the proposed cable-stayed construction of the coating increases the reliability of its operation, giving the coating additional rigidity.

The working state of the tent membrane 18 is provided by the negative Gaussian curvature of its surface, as well as by known structural measures, for example, additional tensile cables 27.

The proposed cable-stayed construction of the coating is delivered to the construction site in the form of a set of cables 1 and 2, prepared for installation, as well as flexible belts 15, ties 8-10, struts 6 and struts 17.

Installation of the proposed cable-stayed coating design is as follows:

 on the supports 5 and 5a, for example, the headings of the columns of the building, install rigid elements 4, hang flexible belts 15, install and tension by known methods of communication 12 with the fixed nodes 7;

 to flexible belts 15 apply temporary uniform load (Fig. not shown), ensuring the uniformity of the shape of the belts 15 during installation;

 establish vertical posts 17 and fix them in the horizontal direction by ties 14;

 assembled at the zero point the frameworks of sections 25, consisting of bearing 1 and stabilizing 2 cables, struts 6 and flexible couplings 8-10 (frames of sections 25 are not strained at this stage of installation);

 raise the assembled section frames 25 by known methods to the design mark (for example, winches) and fasten the ends 3 of the stabilizing cables 2 to the rigid elements 4, and the ends 11 of the supporting cables 1 to the vertical posts 17;

 fasten the bonds 9 and 10 to the rigid elements 4;

 remove the temporary load attached to the belts 15 (not shown in Fig.), tension the belts 15 with devices 16.

The advantages of the proposed technical solution include the following:

 reduction in material consumption, since the efforts from flexible belts 15 strained by the devices 16 are used more effectively to tension the load-bearing 1 and stabilizing 2 cables of the proposed design, without being redistributed to the upper belts of the cable-stayed trusses provided by the prototype;

 simplification of structural solutions, since the proposed cable-stayed coating design requires fewer connections than the prototype (for a variant of the proposed technical solution corresponding to paragraph 3 of the utility model formula);

 simplification of the supporting structures necessary for the perception of horizontal struts of the proposed cable-stayed coating design: flat trusses of known solutions can be used as supports (for variants of the proposed technical solution corresponding to paragraphs 2 and 3 of the utility model formula);

 the possibility of using the proposed cable-stayed coating design in buildings with an enlarged grid of columns;

 the ability to create prestresses in the entire coating by tensioning the flexible belts 15 devices 16;

 compact dimensions of the proposed cable-stayed coating design prepared for transportation to the construction site.

SOURCES

1. Auto USSR No. 747958, ЕВВ 7/14, 04/14/1978.

2. Auto USSR No. 894114, ЕВВ 7/14, 10.24.1979.

3. Auto USSR No. 844714, ЕВВ 7/14, 03/20/1978.

4. RF patent No. 2567588, ЕВВ 7/14, 09.24.2014. (Prototype).

Claims (3)

1. Cable-stayed coating design, comprising two families of prestressed bearing and stabilizing cables lying in vertical planes, united by flexible ties and connected by spacers, while the family of stabilizing cables having a bulge up is located above the family of bearing cables having a bulge down, and the ends of the stabilizing cables are fixed to rigid elements mounted on articulated supports, while the ends of load-bearing cables are fixed to vertical posts installed with their lower ends on ibkie belt equipped with tensioning devices that share the proposed structure covering a number of sections, reserved for the pivot bearing, characterized in that the vertical uprights are combined horizontal links do not interfere with their longitudinal movement. 2. Cable-stayed coating construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the bearing cables fixed to the vertical posts lie in the same plane. 3. The cable stay construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the plane in which the ends of the load-bearing cables are located is parallel to the plane passing through the hinge supports and is located between the upper and lower nodes of the struts that combine the load-bearing and stabilizing cables.

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