RU168572U1 - FEED GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for fodder preparation, and can be used for grinding coarse feed in farms and peasant farms. The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the throughput and quality of grinding coarse feed, regardless of their physical and mechanical properties due to changes in the design of the grinder, the installation parameters of the teeth on the drum and the conditions of their work while reducing the energy intensity of the process. A useful model is as follows. The proposed design includes two grinding drums made of solid metal rods, six teeth 2 mm thick, 7 mm high and 20 mm long, spaced relative to each other at an angle of 60 ° and distributed along the entire length of the cylindrical surface of the rods with a pitch of 7 mm, while the drums are mounted parallel to each other with the possibility of the teeth entering the interdental space and rotating around their burns zonal axes, while the first drum is raised relative to the second by 60 mm and rotates counterclockwise with a frequency of 2000 minutes, and the second clockwise with a frequency of 100 minutes. shaft with a pitch of 20 mm with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis counterclockwise with a frequency of 50 min, while the horizontal axis of the disks is shifted forward relative to the horizontal axis of the second drum by 70 mm and nyata above the belt

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for fodder preparation, and can be used for grinding coarse feed in farms and peasant farms.

State of the art

A lot of waste remains in the process of processing agricultural products: straw, corn stalks and stems, sunflower stalks, coarse grassy vegetation, etc. In most cases, sunflower stalks are plowed into the soil, coarse stalks and corn stalks are burned, and they are crushed after processing to be suitable for fattening cattle and birds as combined feeds.

Grinding of roughage in modern fodder preparation machines is carried out by cutting, impact, splitting, crushing and abrasion. It was found that each grinding method individually is suitable only for the destruction of a certain group of materials, and this or that grinding method or machine is proposed depending on the physicomechanical properties of the material being destroyed.

Known crushers of roughage, commercially available by the domestic industry IRT-165, IGK-30, IGK-F-4 [1].

The main disadvantages of these machines are the high energy consumption of the process of grinding coarse feed (IRT-165 - 13.2 ... 26.4 kW / t⋅h, IGK-30 - 10 ... 37.5 kW / t⋅h), low throughput, low reliability and quality of work.

Known small-sized farm chopper-mixer of agricultural products, consisting of a frame, hopper, loading tray, discharge pipe, a vertical shaft with knives and a drive, contradictions mounted motionless parallel to the axis of rotation [2].

The disadvantage of this grinder-mixer is the clogging of the working body with materials having a fine fiber structure, high energy intensity of the process, low reliability and quality of work.

Known chopper roughage, consisting of a receiving chamber, grinding the rotor with a drive pulley and pins and fixed pins on the receiving chamber [3].

The disadvantage of this grinder is the clogging of the working body with materials having a fine fiber structure, high energy intensity of the process, low reliability and quality of work, and it is mainly intended for chopping straw or hay.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and accepted by the authors for the prototype is a shredder, consisting of a feed and pressure conveyors, a drive shaft with circular knives, a guide divider, which is made in the form of a shaft that rotates freely around the horizontal axis with disks, driven in a reciprocating translational motion by induction motors [4].

The disadvantage of this grinder is the complexity of the design, the high energy intensity of the process, the inability to grind the corn kernels and materials having a fine fiber structure.

To increase the efficiency of grinding coarse feed, grinders should provide grinding of materials regardless of their physical and mechanical properties and have high throughput at low energy consumption.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality indicators of the chopper by providing optimal working conditions for the chopper of roughage at low energy consumption.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the throughput and the quality of grinding coarse feed regardless of their physical and mechanical properties by changing the design of the grinder, the parameters of the installation of the teeth on the drum and their working conditions while reducing the energy consumption of the process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the coarse feed chopper contains a frame with racks, a motor, a drive mechanism, two chopping drums, a feed shaft with circulation disks, a conveyor belt with tension mechanisms.

The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows.

The proposed design includes two grinding drums made of solid metal rods, in the transverse planes of which six teeth are machined with a thickness of 2 mm, a height of 7 mm and a length of 20 mm, located relative to each other at an angle of 60 ° and distributed along the entire length of the cylindrical surface of the rods with a pitch of 7 mm, while the drums are installed parallel to each other with the possibility of the teeth entering the interdental space and rotating around their horizontal axes, while the first drum elevated relative to the second by 60 mm and rotates counterclockwise at a frequency of 2000 min ^-1 and the second in a clockwise direction with a frequency of 100 min ^-1.

On top of the grinding drums, a feed shaft with rigidly circulated disks is installed, which are located along the entire length of the shaft with a pitch of 20 mm with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis counterclockwise with a frequency of 50 min ^-1 , while the horizontal axis of the disks is shifted forward relative to the horizontal axis of the second drum 70 mm and raised above the belt conveyor, forming a gap of 30 mm between the disks and the conveyor.

The conveyor belt is mounted on the frame with the ability to feed the source and transportation of crushed materials.

Thanks to the optimal design of the chopper and its operation, the chopper's throughput is increased and the quality of grinding of coarse fodder is improved regardless of their physical and mechanical properties at low energy consumption.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The drawing shows a structural and technological scheme of the grinder of roughage.

Utility Model Implementation

Depicted in FIG. 1 coarse feed chopper consists of a frame with racks 1, motor 2 (electric motor or gasoline engine), drive mechanism 3, two chopping drums 4 and 5, a feed shaft with circulation disks 6, a conveyor belt 7 with a drive 8 and driven 9 shafts, mechanisms tension 10, 11 and 12 of the conveyor belt 7.

The grinding drums 4 and 5 are made of solid metal rods, in the transverse planes (section AA) six teeth are machined with a thickness of 2 mm, a height of 7 mm and a length of 20 mm, located relative to each other at an angle of 60 ° and distributed along the entire length of the cylindrical the surface of the rods in increments of 7 mm (not shown), while the first drum 4 is raised relative to the second by 60 mm, and the drums are mounted parallel to each other with the possibility of the teeth entering the interdental space and rotating around their horizons ontal axes, while the first drum 4 rotates counterclockwise with a frequency of 2000 min ^-1 , and the second drum 5 clockwise with a frequency of 100 min ^-1 (the parameters are chosen constructively to ensure high quality grinding materials regardless of the physical and mechanical properties at low power consumption).

On top of the grinding drums, a feed shaft with rigidly circulated discs 6 is installed, which are located along the entire length of the shaft with a pitch of 20 mm with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis counterclockwise with a frequency of 50 min ^-1 , while the horizontal axis of the discs is shifted forward relative to the axis of the second drum 5 by 70 mm and raised above the conveyor belt 7, forming a gap of 30 mm between the disks 6 and the conveyor 7 (the parameters are selected constructively to ensure uninterrupted supply of materials to the grinding chamber ny).

The conveyor belt 7 is mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of supplying the source and transportation of crushed materials. The belt conveyor 7 is tensioned between the drive 8 and the driven 9 shafts and in front of the grinding drum 5, enveloping the shafts 12 and 11, passes from the bottom of the grinding drums 4 and 5. The belt conveyor 7 is tensioned by tensioning devices 10, 11 and 12.

Grinder coarse feed works as follows.

The operator turns on the motor 2 and through the drive mechanism 3 the torque is transmitted to all the working bodies of the grinder (not shown). On the conveyor belt 7 is placed the source material (not shown), which is transported to the grinding drums 4 and 5.

The supply shaft with circulation discs 6, rotating counterclockwise, feeds the source material (not shown) into the grinding chamber: into the interdental space of the grinding drums 4 and 5 and holds the source material (not shown) so that they do not move in the opposite direction. The grinding drum 5, rotating clockwise at a speed of 100 min ^-1 , draws the feed material (not shown) into the interdental space, and the grinding drum 4, rotating counterclockwise at a speed of 2000 min ^-1 , grinds the feed material (not shown) ) and discards it on a conveyor belt 7, which transports the crushed material (not shown) to the storage location. The process of grinding materials is carried out continuously.

The proposed design in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- high throughput and performance;

- the ability to grind coarse feed, regardless of their physical and mechanical properties;

- a significant reduction in energy consumption;

- simplicity of design.

Information sources

1. Mechanization and production technology of livestock products / V.G. Koba, N.V. Braginets, D.N. Murusidze, V.F. Nekrashevich. - M .: Kolos, 2000 .-- 528 s.

2. Patent No. 1831255. The Russian Federation. IPC A01F 29/02, B02C 18/22. Small-sized chopper-mixer of agricultural products / V.I. Shapovalov, V.I. Krasnov, L.M. Blatman, Yu.S. Pleshakov, V.P. Teeth, publ. 07/30/93.

3. Patent No. 2222175. The Russian Federation. IPC A01F 29/00 / G.G. Maslov, V.E. Artemov, E.V. Priporov, V.A. Nebavsky, applicant and patentee Kuban GAU, publ. 01/27/04.

4. Patent No. 2473391. The Russian Federation. IPC A01F 29/02? B02C 18/26. Coarse food chopper / R.S. Aipov, Y.D. Osipov, V.V. Ebinger, publ. 01/27/13.

Claims (3)

1. Coarse feed chopper containing a frame with racks, a motor, a drive mechanism, two chopping drums, a feed shaft with circulation discs, a conveyor belt with tension mechanisms, characterized in that the chopping drums are made of solid metal rods, six of which are machined in the transverse planes teeth 2 mm thick, 7 mm high and 20 mm long, located relative to each other at an angle of 60 ° and distributed along the entire length of the cylindrical surface of the rods with a pitch of 7 mm, while the drums newly parallel in relation to each other with the possibility of teeth entering the interdental space and rotating around their horizontal axes, while the first drum is raised relative to the second by 60 mm and rotates counterclockwise with a frequency of 2000 min ^-1 , and the second clockwise with a frequency of 100 min ^-1 . 2. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that on top of the chopping drums there is a feed shaft with rigidly mounted circulation disks that are located along the entire length of the shaft with a pitch of 20 mm with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis counterclockwise with a frequency of 50 min ^-1 , the horizontal axis of the disks is shifted forward relative to the horizontal axis of the second drum by 70 mm and raised above the belt conveyor, forming a gap of 50 mm between the disks and the conveyor. 3. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor belt is mounted on the frame with the possibility of feeding the source and transportation of crushed materials.

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