RU165727U1 - SMALL BOAT HOUSING - Google Patents

Abstract

The hull of a small vessel containing the bow, middle and stern parts, characterized in that the hull in the bow has trimaran contours, the middle part of the hull is flat-bottomed, with longitudinal bottom tunnels, and the stern is made keeled, and the sides in the stern of the ship are made vertical straight-walled sponsons forming longitudinal, symmetrically located bottom tunnels, which are a continuation of the tunnels of trimaran contours of the bow and bottom tunnels of the middle part of the hull.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of shipbuilding and may find application in the design of contours of the hulls of small displacement vessels.

The utility model has a multifunctional purpose and can be used, in particular, in towing vehicles to ensure the movement of transport and bridge ferries assembled from pontoon parks, to build floating bridges from these parks, to anchor and select them, to measure depths, to carry out rescue services, to tow various floating objects, performing canting operations in the water areas of ports, transportation of small cargoes and supplies.

The utility model can also be used as a vessel to extinguish fires on ships and in the coastal zone, to carry out remediation work to deepen and clean small reservoirs, canals and port water areas, for emergency operations to collect oil pollution from the surface of the water.

For the construction of small displacement vessels, such basic forms of hull contours as flat-bottomed, keel-shaped and trimaranic are used (B. G. Mordvinov, Handbook on small-tonnage shipbuilding, Leningrad, “Shipbuilding”, 1987, p. 251, Fig. 11.1).

The use of each form of these contours for displacement vessels is associated with some restrictions. So, flat-keel and flat-bottomed contours are used only for non-navigable vessels in order to obtain the greatest carrying capacity with limited draft.

The use of concave-forged contours is typical for seagoing vessels operating in significant waves. At the same time, with limited draft, the ship's carrying capacity is unsatisfactorily small.

Trimaran contours combine the advantages of flat-bottomed and keeled contours, providing, with limited draft, average load capacities. Usually, trimaran contours in pure form are used for marine boats, where there are no restrictions on draft, and seaworthiness and minimal flooding of the bow deck when the boat is running on a wave are required.

Known hulls of displacement single-hull vessels, the design of which is based on a combination of various forms of contours.

Known hull of a displacement vessel, based on a combination of the contours of a displacement single hull vessel in its bow end with the contours of a trimaran in the aft end, and containing the middle main body and two relatively narrow side hulls - outrigger. Elements of the trimaran aft end form two tunnels between themselves. The outer sides and decks of the fore end smoothly pass into the outer sides of the outriggers of the trimaran and the deck of the aft end. Between the bow and stern ends there is a zone of smooth mutual transition of contours, including two side sections of the bottom symmetrically located relative to the diametrical plane of the hull of the ship, gradually rising along the length of the ship from the single hull bow to the active waterline in the tunnels between the elements of the trimaran stern end (patent RU 2566804 C2, Priority January 15, 2014, published October 27, 2015).

Also known is the hull of a displacement vessel having a bow end with the contours of a displacement single hull vessel and aft end with contours of a catamaran. The catamaran feed tip floats form a tunnel between them. The outer sides and the deck (s) of the bow end smoothly pass into the outer sides of the catamaran floats and the deck of the stern end. Between the fore and aft ends there is a zone of smooth transition of their contours, including a section for smooth lifting of the middle part of the vessel’s bottom from the single hull bow to the active water line in the tunnel area between the catamaran stern end floats (patent RU 2502627 C1, priority 05/31/2012, published December 27, 2012, published .2013).

Known hulls of displacement vessels are intended for special purpose vessels (for example, rescue vessels: vessels, vessels carrying underwater vehicles), therefore they are ineffective at extremely shallow depths of the water area and do not provide the necessary displacement.

A feature of the design of the hulls of small displacement vessels relating to shallow draft towing means (towing and motor boats) is the requirement to operate at extremely shallow depths of the water area, which in some cases are equal to the draft of the boat. At the same time, the energy saturation of these boats is quite high (power is about 500 hp), and to ensure significant traction up to 5 tons, a developed (with large diameter propellers) twin-screw propulsion system is required.

The hull of a small vessel is known, based on a combination of trimaran contours in the bow and flat-keel contours in the stern of the vessel — the Sarepta motor boat (G.M. Novak, Guide to boats, boats and motors, Leningrad, Shipbuilding, 1982 , pp. 111-112, Fig. 88).

Motor boat "Sarepta" refers to small speed, pleasure boats with the propulsion and steering complex behind the stern of the vessel (outside the hull), for example, an outboard motor.

The hull of a towing motor boat is known, made with combined contours: in the aft part, keeled hull contours, and in the bow and middle parts are sane-shaped contours with a concave bottom (prototype of the BMK-225 towing motor boat) (patent RU 2188140 C1, priority 12/26/2000, published on 08/27/2002).

The disadvantages of the known hull of a towing motor boat include the fact that with these contours and with restrictions on draft it has insufficient displacement.

As the closest analogue, the hull of a towing-motor boat made with combined contours was selected: in the aft part, keeled contours of the hull, and in the bow and middle parts, sane-shaped contours with a flat bottom (prototype of the BMK-460 towing-motor boat) (patent RU 2120881 C1, priority November 25, 1997, published October 27, 1998).

A disadvantage of the closest analogue is that, due to the significant completeness of the contours in the bow when moving, the hull of the boat involves large masses of water (surge wave), which increases resistance, causes the nose to flood and affects the stability of the course.

The objective of this utility model is to create a new, combined form of the hull of a small-sized towing vessel, which allows operating at extremely small depths of the water area (up to touching the bottom) with a sufficiently high displacement and improved traction characteristics, with a propulsion and steering complex located under the deck in the aft part vessel.

The technical result obtained by using the claimed utility model is to improve the operational characteristics of the vessel, namely, to improve traction due to improved water flow to the twin-screw propulsion and steering complex, to improve seaworthiness by reducing wave formation and flooding in the bow of the vessel, increasing stability in a direct course in the forward course.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the hull of a small vessel containing the bow, middle and stern parts, according to the utility model, the hull in the bow has trimaran contours, the middle part of the hull is flat-bottomed with longitudinal bottom tunnels, and the stern is made keeled, with the sides in the stern of the vessel, they are made with vertical, straight-walled sponsons forming longitudinal, symmetrically located bottom tunnels, which are a continuation of the tunnels of the trimaran contours of the bow and bottom tunnels of the middle part of the hull.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings 1-6, which depict the hull of a small vessel.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a small vessel; FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the hull of a small vessel in the bow along line AA in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a cross section of the housing in the middle part along the line BB in FIG. 1, in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the hull in the stern along line BB in FIG. 1 (with a twin-screw propulsion and steering complex), in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the hull in the stern along line BB in FIG. 1, in FIG. 6 is a theoretical drawing of the ship's hull.

The hull of a small vessel contains a bow 1, a middle part 2 and aft 3. A hull in the bow 1 has trimaran contours, the hull middle 2 is flat-bottomed with longitudinal, bottom tunnels 5, and the aft 2 is keeled. The sides in the stern of the vessel are made with vertical, straight-walled sponsons 4, forming longitudinal, symmetrically located bottom tunnels 5. The bottom tunnels 5 are a smooth continuation of the trimaran contours of the bow 1 and bottom tunnels 5 of the middle part 2 of the hull.

The combined contours of the hull are characterized in that the sponsons 4 of the bow 1 of the trimaran contours extend through the middle part 2 into the stern, forming longitudinal bottom tunnels 5. Tunnels 5 serve for the free flow of water from the bow to the propellers (shown in Fig. 4 ), and also create additional displacement and protection (cover) of the propellers from air breakthrough from the sides of the vessel.

Improving the traction characteristics when operating the vessel at extremely shallow depths of the water area, which in some cases are equal to the draft of the boat, is ensured by the free flow of water from the bow through the longitudinal tunnels of the middle part to the propellers. The reduction of wave formation and flooding in the bow of the vessel is ensured by the fact that part of the surge wave, due to trimaran contours of the bow, leaves through the bottom longitudinal tunnels of the middle part to the propellers. Improving stability on the course in the forward direction is ensured by the fact that the influence of the bow surging wave, which prevents the boat from holding in the straight course, is reduced.

When operating a vessel with the claimed combined hull contours, in the mode of movement at extremely shallow depths of the water, which in some cases are equal to the draft of the vessel, water is supplied to the propulsion and steering complex through the trimaran bow tunnels, then along the bottom longitudinal tunnels of the middle part with free exit to the propellers.

Claims (1)

The hull of a small vessel containing the bow, middle and stern parts, characterized in that the hull in the bow has trimaran contours, the middle part of the hull is flat-bottomed, with longitudinal bottom tunnels, and the stern is made keeled, and the sides in the stern of the ship are made vertical straight-walled sponsons forming longitudinal, symmetrically located bottom tunnels, which are a continuation of the tunnels of trimaran contours of the bow and bottom tunnels of the middle part of the hull.

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