RU164322U1 - DEVICE FOR TEMPORARY STOP OF EXTERIOR ARTERIAL BLEEDING - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding, which is a tourniquet made of elastic material with a locking mechanism, characterized in that the tourniquet is made of two segments of elastic material so that the upper segment of elastic material is fixedly fixed to the lower segment of elastic material at a distance of less than 2 cm from the edge and parallel to its long side, while on the lower segment, at a distance of not less than 1.5 cm from the junction of the segments, a battery is installed, and In the upper section, the electronic timer is set in such a way that when the harness is pulled, the timer touches the battery and the timer is turned on, while when the harness is loose or the harness is pulled too tight, the timer does not touch the battery.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The invention relates to medicine, namely to devices used in disaster medicine.

State of the art

Wounds associated with the occurrence of external arterial bleeding are quite common injuries received by the victims, as well as by persons involved in the elimination of a complicated emergency. It should be noted that in modern conditions, despite the high level of medicine, mortality in the focus of a complicated emergency can reach 40%. This is due to errors in the provision of first aid in the outbreak, the remoteness of the stages of medical evacuation and the use of obsolete materials and equipment for first aid. The main adverse factors associated with an injury accompanied by external arterial bleeding are improper application of a tourniquet (too weak compression cannot stop bleeding, and too much compression leads to necrosis of the limb) and exceeding the maximum duration of tourniquet application (necrosis of the limb).

The procedure for first aid is determined by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 04.05.2012 N 477н. In accordance with clause 7 of this order, measures are taken to conduct a survey of the victim and temporarily stop external bleeding (a survey of the victim for bleeding; finger pressing of the artery; applying a tourniquet; maximum flexion of the limb in the joint; direct pressure on the wound; applying a pressure dressing).

Currently, the main tool for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding is the product “Rubber hemostatic tourniquet” (GOST R ISO 14001-2007). This harness is equipped with most service packs and sets of medical equipment for first aid. A feature of this harness is its ease of use and low manufacturing cost. However, it has the following disadvantages:

- the compression force is determined intuitively - the tension of the tourniquet is stopped as soon as the bleeding stops - excessive pulling of the limb is possible with subsequent violation of its function or tissue necrosis;

- control over the duration of applying the tourniquet is carried out by attaching a label to the tourniquet indicating the time of application (often lost during emergency evacuation of the victim) or by inscribing on the skin of the patient (when sanitized, the inscription is washed off along with traces of blood) - if the duration of applying the tourniquet is exceeded over 2 hours in the summer or 1 hour in the winter, limb necrosis occurs, which in the field requires limb amputation to save the life of the victim.

Currently, on the basis of the aforementioned tourniquet, more than 36 variants of devices for temporarily stopping arterial bleeding have been developed, but all of them are not widely used.

A number of inventions and utility models are devoted to improving the mechanism for fixing the ends of the hemostatic tourniquet - all of them do not solve the problem with the duration and strength of compression. In the future, we will not consider them.

A number of inventions (for example, RU 2113825 C1 or RU 2108066 C1) and utility models (for example RU 65747 U1 or RU 50398 U1) solve the problem of assessing the quality of tissue compression by applying geometric designations to elastic elements of the bundle. When a certain tension is reached, the geometric designation changes. An example of such an approach is the utility model RU 150941 U1 - rectangles with the inscriptions “Hip”, “Shoulder” are applied to the elastic element, with sufficient tension they become squares.

Only in two patents (invention RU 2108066 C1 and utility model RU 134419 U1) is it possible to independently fix the time of application of the tourniquet. In the invention RU 2108066 C1, it is proposed to use a chemical indicator of the application time of the tourniquet with a display duration of at least 60 minutes. It should be noted that the duration of compression can be more than 60 minutes and it is very important to know exactly how much time has passed since the start of compression. The utility model RU 134419 U1 uses an electronic-pneumatic mechanism, which is closest to our idea.

The prototype of the device we offer is a "Hemostatic electronic-pneumatic tourniquet" patent for utility model RU 134419 U1 (published: 11/20/2013 Bull. No. 32)

However, the above device has several disadvantages:

1. A tourniquet containing a cuff with a pneumatic chamber, an air compressor and a pressure sensor is difficult to operate and takes time to achieve the necessary compression pressure, which is critical, especially for injuries of large arteries (irreplaceable blood loss upon separation of the lower limb in the thigh area occurs after 14 seconds )

2. A tourniquet cannot be applied for injuries of the vessels of the neck and for compression in the femoral triangle due to the presence of a cuff with a width of at least 8 cm.

3. The sound generator is triggered after 2 hours of operation, while in the cold season, irreversible changes in the tissues occur within 1 hour after the start of compression.

4. Given that the tourniquet may loosen and reapply, it is not possible to estimate the total duration of compression.

Utility Model Disclosure

The authors propose a device for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding consisting of a tourniquet of elastic material with a locking mechanism, while the tourniquet is made of two segments of elastic material so that the upper segment of elastic material is fixedly fixed to the lower segment of elastic material at a distance of not less than 2 sentiments from the edge and parallel to its long side, while on the lower segment, at a distance of not less than 1.5 centimeters from the junction of the segments, an element nt supply, and on the upper segment of an electronic timer, such that when pulling the harness occurs touch timer switch element and the power timer, while under low tension tow or too tight harness timer contact with battery does not occur.

The device we offer has several advantages:

1. Ease of use.

2. The possibility of imposing on all points of compression of the arteries as in a conventional tourniquet.

3. If the compression force is insufficient or excessive, the timer does not turn on, which serves as an indicator of the correctness of the application of the tourniquet.

4. All the time of effective application of the tourniquet is taken into account, regardless of the number of breaks in its application and without the possibility of concealing the true duration of compression.

The technical result of the use of the proposed device is to provide long-term compression with constant pressure in the area of application of the tourniquet in combination with independent fixation of the entire duration of effective compression, regardless of the presence or absence of episodes of a decrease in compression force during the transportation of the victim.

To characterize the utility model, in particular, the following features of the device are used:

- consists of two segments of elastic material connected in such a way that the upper segment is fixedly mounted on the lower segment of elastic material at a distance of at least 2 sentiments from the edge and parallel to its long side;

- has a battery mounted on the lower segment, at a distance of not less than 1.5 centimeters from the junction of the segments;

- has an electronic timer installed on the upper segment;

- when the harness is pulled, the electronic timer contacts the battery element and the timer starts;

- when the tension of the bundle is weak or the tension of the bundle is too strong, the contact of the electronic timer with the battery does not occur;

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram (side view in section) of our proposed device for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding:

- position 1 - the place of the fixed fastening of the upper and lower segment of the bundle of elastic material;

- position 2 - the upper segment of the tow of elastic material

- position 3 - electronic timer;

- position 4 - the free end of a segment of a bundle of elastic material, going to the locking mechanism;

- position 5 - battery;

- position 6 - the lower segment of the tow of elastic material;

- figure 1A - the relationship of the elements of the device before applying the tourniquet;

- figure 1b - the relationship of the elements of the device at the time of achieving optimal compression of soft tissues with a tourniquet - the electronic timer is in contact with the battery and starts the countdown;

- figure 1c - the relationship of the elements of the device at the time of exceeding the compression force of soft tissues with a tourniquet - the electronic timer does not come into contact with the battery and the countdown stops.

Utility Model Implementation

A device for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding can be applied as follows:

- at the time of delivery of the harness from the warehouse, a new battery is installed in it (for example, CR2032 battery)

- in the presence of external arterial bleeding, the tourniquet is superimposed at the point of compression of the artery (Fig. 1a) and stretched (Fig. 1b);

- at the time of reaching the optimal compression force, the timer is turned on (Fig. 1b) by moving the timer (pos. 3) and the battery (pos. 5) towards each other along with the segments of the bundle of elastic material (pos. 2 and 6);

- while continuing to tighten the tourniquet (Fig. 1c), the contacts of the timer (pos. 3) and the battery (pos. 5) open, which leads to the shutdown of the timer and can be noticed by the person imposing the tourniquet;

- if it is necessary to reduce the tension of the tourniquet during long-term transportation of the victim, the effective compression time is summed up, which makes it possible to assess the likelihood of limb necrosis when the victim enters a medical facility.

Claims (1)

A device for temporarily stopping external arterial bleeding, which is a tourniquet made of elastic material with a locking mechanism, characterized in that the tourniquet is made of two segments of elastic material so that the upper segment of elastic material is fixedly fixed to the lower segment of elastic material at a distance of less than 2 cm from the edge and parallel to its long side, while on the lower segment, at a distance of at least 1.5 cm from the junction of the segments, a battery is installed, and In the upper section, the electronic timer is set in such a way that when the harness is pulled, the timer touches the battery and the timer is turned on, while when the harness is loose or the harness is pulled too tight, the timer does not touch the battery.

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