RU1635409C - Method of making materials from timber wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of building materials. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of disintegrating timber wastes up to particle size no more, than 2,5 mm; drying them up to humidity, equal to 8-10%; subjecting them to solid phase fermentation by fungus of white mold P. Chrysosporium F1764; growing sown material for solid-phase fermentation on Chapeck cake at 28-30 C in stable conditions over four days; performing aqueous washing off spores of the culture out of the cake. Spore concentration in one ml of water consists 5.8 x 105,8 · 10⁷. An aqueous spore solution (inoculate) is being added to timber wastes in quantity, consisting 1650 ml of the inoculate for 1 kg of the wastes. After the inoculate had beer added, the timber wastes are being thoroughly agitated and introduced to a tank for performing fermentation at 28-30 C in presence of air with normal pressure over 4 days. The fermentation process had been over, a cross linking agent is being added to the timber wastes such as octamethylenediisocyanate, and the mass is being agitated. Then a rug is being formed and subsequent by hot pressed upon 150 C over 5 min at pressure, equal to 3MPa. EFFECT: enhanced strength and lowered water absorption capability of the material. 1 cl, 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used in the manufacture of wood plastics, plates and other building products.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase strength and reduce water absorption of materials.

Wood waste from finely ground to a particle size of not more than 2.5 mm, dried to a moisture content of 8-10%, subjected to solid-phase fermentation with P. Chrysosporium F-1764 fungus. Inoculum for fermentation of solid-phase grown on Czapek GIDD at temperature 29 ± 1 ^{° C} under stationary conditions for 4 days. After this, a water washout spore culture from the ogara. The spore concentration in 1 ml of water is 5.8 × 10 ⁷ . An aqueous solution of spores (inoculum) is introduced into wood waste, such as birch, per 1 kg of waste 1650 ml of inoculum. After inoculation wood wastes mixed thoroughly, and then placed in a tank and produce fermented at temperature of 29 ± 1 ^{° C} in the presence of air at normal pressure for 4 days. After fermentation is complete, a crosslinking agent, for example, octamethylene diisocyanate, is introduced into the wood waste and mixed. Further, the carpet is formed and produce hot pressing at 150 ^{° C} for 5 min and a pressure of 3 MPa.

 The test results of the samples are presented in table. 1.

 The influence of fermentation conditions on the strength and water absorption of plate materials are presented in table. 2.

 The experiments are carried out on pine sawdust.

The binder is 2.4 TDI (toluene diisocyanate), which is introduced into the mixture in an amount of 8%. Pressing of samples is carried out at a pressure of 2 MPa and a temperature of 150 ^{° C} for 5 min. The density of the finished samples in all experiments was 600 ± 10 kg / m ³ . Fermentation is carried out with P. Chrysosporium F-1764 fungus.

 Studies of the effect of the type of binder are presented in table. 3.

 The effect of wood species on fermentation is presented in table. 4.

Plate materials are made from pine sawdust with a grain size of not more than 2.5 mm. Fermentation sawdust produced by the fungus P.Chrysosporium at t = 29 ± 1 ^{° C} for 4 days. Pressing plates is performed at a pressure of 2 MPa and a temperature of 150 ^{° C} for 15 min and urea resin for 5 minutes to isocyanate binders. The amount of binder in the mixture is (in% by weight): chromic anhydride - 10; urea resin KF-Zh8; isocyanate binders 8. The density of the finished product is 600 kg / m ³ . The moisture content of sawdust, subjected and not subjected to fermentation, accept the same.

Fermentation sawdust grain size not greater than 2.5 mm produced by the fungus Chrysosporium R. at t = 29 ± 1 ^{° C} for 4 days. The sawdust is crosslinked with 2.4 TDI, which is introduced into the mixture in an amount of 8% by weight. Pressing plates is carried out at a pressure of 2 MPa and a temperature of 150 ^{° C} for 5 min. The density of the plates is ≈ 600 kg / m ³ . The bending strength of the plates on all types of sawdust, not subjected to fermentation, is 5-6 MPa.

 Testing plate materials for bending and water absorption was carried out according to GOST 10635-78 and GOST 10633-78.

 Thus, the invention improves the strength and reduce the water absorption of plate materials.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MATERIALS FROM WOOD WASTE, including grinding wood waste, drying it, mixing it with a binder, forming a carpet and hot pressing, characterized in that, in order to increase strength and reduce water absorption of materials, wood waste is crushed to a particle size of not more than 2.5 mm , drying is carried out to a moisture content of 8 - 10%, after which they are subjected to solid-phase fermentation with white mold fungus for 4 days at 28 - 30 ^o C.

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