RU162472U1 - PNEUMA-MECHANICAL DEVICE FOR MICROGRANULATION OF DISPERSED MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

A pneumomechanical device for micro-granulation of dispersed materials, containing an inlet pipe, upper and lower toroidal chambers made of elastic material, an unloading hole of the upper chamber, a loading hole of the lower chamber, an exhaust pipe for outputting exhaust air flows, characterized in that the inlet pipe is located at an angle α = 10-45 ° to the horizontal plane in the upper toroidal chamber, and the discharge opening of the upper chamber is connected to the loading hole of the lower chamber by spring-loaded perforated spiral-shaped plates, which are fixed in the upper part rigidly with a truncated cone with a large base upward, having double walls forming an internal cavity, and in the lower part - by means of spring-loaded elastic plates with a truncated steam cone, located with a large base downward and having guide vanes , in the upper part of which there is an inlet of the internal cavity of the cone with double walls, while its outer walls in the upper part above the spiral the bottom plates are made with louvre-shaped slit-like openings, the guide plates of which are located on the lateral surface of the cone with double walls at an angle γ = 0-30 °.

Description

The utility model relates to granulation devices and can be used in the construction, chemical, energy, agricultural and other industries for micro-granulation of dust collectors for drying and calcining units, micro-granulation of raw materials, encapsulation of mineral components, micro-granulation of composite mixtures, etc.

Known ejection machine for mixing and micro-granulation of technogenic materials, containing a receiving hopper, passing at the bottom of the pipe, an ejector, consisting of a receiving chamber of mixing, part of which is made in the form of a confuser, passing into the booster tube (patent for utility model RU No. 120374, publ. September 20, 2009 .2012).

A disadvantage of the known solution is the bulkiness of the design; the difficulty of feeding the air-material flow below due to the vertical arrangement of toroidal chambers; insufficient conditions for the uniform distribution of the components of the granulated charge, due to the supply of a binder material directly into the upper toroidal chamber; obtaining insufficiently dense granules at the outlet of the unit.

A known design of a vibrocentrifugal machine for granulating technogenic materials with a low bulk density includes a forming device - press rolls for material preparation, three cylindrical rigidly interconnected cylindrical drums for granulating material, rigidly connected to each other, mounted on it on a vertical plane frame, and the frame in its lower part mounted on the necks of the eccentric shafts, providing each of the cylindrical drums with a given trajectory of movement, and in the upper part is connected olzunami vertical guide strut (patent RU №2412753, publ. 27.02.2011).

A disadvantage of the known design is its increased metal consumption and low productivity.

The closest in technical essence is a device for pneumomechanical granulation of anthropogenic materials, containing a receiving hopper, two toroidal chambers made of an elastic material, a mixing chamber, an exhaust pipe for outputting outgoing air flows (patent for invention RU No. 2538579, publ. 10.01.2015) .

A disadvantage of the known solution is the complexity of the design of the unit, low efficiency, increased metal consumption, a small degree of freedom of the granulated material.

With the essential features of the prototype, the following set of essential features of the claimed device coincides: inlet pipe, upper and lower toroidal chambers made of elastic material, an unloading hole of the upper chamber, a loading hole of the lower chamber, an exhaust pipe for outputting exhaust air flows.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of pneumomechanical granulation of materials with a low bulk density by increasing the turbulization of the material-air flow.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the pneumomechanical device for micro-granulation of dispersed materials contains an inlet pipe, upper and lower toroidal chambers made of elastic material, an unloading hole of the upper chamber, a loading hole of the lower chamber, an exhaust pipe for outputting exhaust air flows. In the proposed solution, the inlet pipe is located at an angle α = 10-45 ° to the horizontal plane in the upper toroidal chamber. The discharge opening of the upper chamber is connected to the loading opening of the lower chamber by means of spring-loaded perforated spiral plates. The plates in the upper part are fixed rigidly with a truncated cone located on a large base, having double walls that form the internal cavity. In the lower part, the fastening is carried out by means of elastic spring-loaded plates with a truncated cone-steam receiver, which is located with a large base down and has guide vanes. In the upper part there is an inlet of the internal cavity of the cone with double walls, while its outer walls in the upper part above the spiral plates are made with louvre-shaped slit-like openings, the guide plates of which are located on the side surface of the cone with double walls at an angle γ = 0-30 °.

The utility model is illustrated with graphic materials.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a pneumomechanical granulator; in FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. one.

The pneumomechanical device for micro granulation of dispersed materials consists of a vertical housing 1 on which a discharge hopper 2, upper 3 and lower 4 toroidal chambers are rigidly fixed, for example by welding. Inside the toroidal chambers, a truncated cone 5 with double walls is placed with a large base upwards. The double walls form the inner annular cavity 6. On the outer wall there are louvre-shaped slit-like openings 7, the guide plates of which are located on the lateral surface of the double-wall cone at an angle γ = 0-30 °. Between the double walls there is an inlet 8. At the end of the truncated cone 5, near the inlet 8, spiral-shaped plates 9 are rigidly fixed, which can be perforated or with a solid surface, as well as plates 10 which are rigidly fixed by welding, spring-loaded plates 11 and a truncated steam cone 12 with guide vanes. The inlet pipe 13, made, for example, in the form of a mixing nozzle or pipe, enters the upper toroidal chamber 3 tangentially upward in the direction of movement of the material at an angle a = 10-45 °. An exhaust pipe 14 is installed in the upper part of the device for outputting the outgoing air flows.

The proposed device operates as follows.

Steam-humidified granular material, for example dust microparticles and granules screening, in the form of a material-air mixture together with a binder component enters through the inlet pipe 13 into the upper toroidal chamber 3. Entering the prepared material tangentially and at an angle a creates a complex movement of the material-air flow inside the upper toroidal chambers 3. Under the action of centrifugal forces, particles of material are discarded to the wall of the upper toroidal chamber 3 and, rolling along the surface of the inner wall, are rolled around azuya embryos granules. To increase the coefficient of friction of the material on the inner wall of the toroidal chamber, and, as a consequence, increase the degree of rolling of the material, the inner walls of the toroidal chambers 3 and 4 may have a rubber or polymer coating. As a result of ideal displacement, due to the receipt of new material, the formed granules from the upper toroidal chamber 3 through the perforated spiral-shaped plates 9 fall into the lower toroidal chamber 4 mounted on the housing 1. When the material is moved through the plates 9, the granules nucleus are vibro-compacted and the grains are sifted out through holes on the surfaces of the plates. The oscillations of the spring-loaded perforated spiral plates 9 are provided by intensive air flows inside the unit and are amplified by rigidly fixed plates 10 and spring-loaded plates 11. After vibro-compacted granules enter the lower toroidal chamber 4, due to an increase in the degree of freedom of granulated particles, sphere formation and granule growth occur. The granules displaced by the new material fall into the discharge hopper 2 and then are removed from the unit. The air remaining inside the unit through a truncated cone-steam receiver 12 with guide vanes is directed to a truncated cone 5 with double walls, which form an inner annular cavity 6, placed with a large base upwards to increase the swirling. The inner wall of the truncated cone acts like a cyclone, due to which microparticles are deposited dust on its surface and pouring them into the lower part of the truncated cone, and the purified air leaves the device through the exhaust pipe 14. Having reached the bottom truncated cone, settled dust microparticles are suction ejected into the inlet 8 between the inner and outer walls of the truncated cone-steam receiver. Granules screening is suction ejected into the same space. Moving under the influence of air currents, dust microparticles and the screening of granules fall into the upper toroidal chamber 3 through the louvre-shaped slit-like openings 7 and then mix with the main material.

By simplifying the design and combining in a single unit several successive stages of compaction of the material, as well as creating a recycling of the material, there is an increase in work efficiency and an increase in the productivity of the granulator. It becomes possible to use various technogenic materials with a low bulk density and various structures. Intensive and more uniform mixing of components at the inlet to the unit is ensured.

Claims (1)

A pneumomechanical device for micro-granulation of dispersed materials, containing an inlet pipe, upper and lower toroidal chambers made of elastic material, an unloading hole of the upper chamber, a loading hole of the lower chamber, an exhaust pipe for outputting exhaust air flows, characterized in that the inlet pipe is located at an angle α = 10-45 ° to the horizontal plane in the upper toroidal chamber, and the discharge opening of the upper chamber is connected to the loading hole of the lower chamber by spring-loaded perforated spiral-shaped plates, which are fixed in the upper part rigidly with a truncated cone with a large base located upward, having double walls forming an internal cavity, and in the lower part - by means of spring-loaded elastic plates with a truncated steam cone, located with a large base downward and having guide vanes , in the upper part of which there is an inlet of the internal cavity of the cone with double walls, while its outer walls in the upper part above the spiral the bottom plates are made with louvre-shaped slit-like openings, the guide plates of which are located on the lateral surface of the cone with double walls at an angle γ = 0-30 °.

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