RU162144U1 - UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION FOR LONG STORAGE AND / OR DISPOSAL OF CONTAINERS WITH RADIOACTIVE WASTE - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground structure for long-term storage and / or burial of containers with radioactive waste, containing one or more tunnels connected to a ground structure for receiving these containers, means for transporting unloading and stacking containers, characterized in that in the lower part of the tunnel having a square shape, a transport corridor was made, intended not only for moving the vehicle (loader-manipulator), but also for filling with containers, including side walls, on discontinuity safety plates as the filling corridor containers for storage and / or disposal of radioactive wastes.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of radioactive waste management (RW) of low and medium levels of activity and is intended for their safe long-term storage and / or burial in underground structures created in homogeneous low-permeability rocks, and can be used at nuclear power plants and storage facilities.

In an underground structure for long-term storage and / or burial of containers with radioactive waste (hereinafter containers), containing one or more square tunnels connected to a ground structure for receiving these containers, a loader for transporting and stacking containers in the tunnel compartments. A transport corridor is made in the lower part of the tunnel, including side walls, filled with containers simultaneously with a compartment for placing containers, covered with a safety plate as the corridor is filled. The upper part of the tunnel is separated by a protective overlap, which provides the ability to monitor the status of the movement and placement of containers, as well as the operation and repair of engineering systems and structures.

The utility model relates to the field of radioactive waste management (RW) of low and medium levels of activity and is intended for their safe long-term storage and / or burial in underground structures created in homogeneous low-permeability rocks, and can be used at nuclear power plants and storage facilities.

Storage of radioactive waste (RW) is a necessary step in the fuel cycle of nuclear power plants. The lack of SNF reprocessing led to the need to increase the volume and shelf life of radioactive waste. The increase in the terms of storage of RW has in turn changed the technological requirements for the storage process and, in general, to change the storage technology itself: at present, a transition is being made from the “wet” storage method to the next stage of long-term “dry” storage of RW. In the prior art, technical solutions have been discovered relating to dry container storage facilities for radioactive waste. Known articles (Kalinkin V.I., Simanovsky V.M. Problems of handling spent nuclear fuel of nuclear power plants // Ecology and Atomic Energy: Scientific and Technical Collection. Issue 1. Sosnovy Bor. 2005. - P. 70-72) and (Sokolov F.F. Tikhonov N.S. State and improvement of storage of spent nuclear fuel. // Nuclear technology abroad. - 1990. - No. 10).

A well-known underground facility for the disposal of radioactive waste with low heat generated in granite, rock salt or clay, Siting Design and Construction of Underground Repositories for Radioaktive Wastes. - Vienna: IAEA, 1986. - P. 553-571. The underground structure is a series of parallel tunnels of small cross section with an area of 15-40 m and a length of 300 m, in which packaging containers with radioactive waste are located. The tunnels are located on both sides of the transport tunnel and are dead ends. The underground structure is connected with the ground complex by several shaft shafts, which are used for lowering packaging, ventilation and removing rocks during construction.

The underground centralized storage facility for radioactive waste SFR is known, created near the Forsmark NPP in Sweden, in rock formations, I.L. Rybalchenko. Swedish radioactive waste management system. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - SPb., 2008, - 86 p. An underground radioactive waste disposal facility (RWDF) consists of a concrete mine (for medium-level waste) and four chambers (for low-level waste) located at a depth of 50 m. A concrete mine with a depth of 50 m, diameter 25 m, and a wall thickness of 0.8 m is connected inclined tunnel with a day surface. Water resistance of the mine is ensured by backfilling the space between the outer wall of the mine and the bedrock with a width of 1 m of compacted bentonite clay. The space between the packages is poured with a cement mixture. The chambers have a width of 16-18 m and a length of 160 m. In one of the packaging chambers are placed a remotely controlled crane, in others - using a forklift.

The underground radioactive waste storage in clay deposits in the form of large chambers is known, V.T. Sorokin The creation of a regional RW storage facility is a condition for the safe development of nuclear energy in the North-West region. Radiation Safety: Atomtrans - 2003: Reports of the 6th International Conference, September 22-26, 2003 St. Petersburg, 2003. -C. 262-267. A distinctive feature of this construction of the underground structure is the use of underground mine workings as burial facilities as a one-arch metro station with a length of 101.2 m, a width of 25.03 m, a height of 13.26 m. The lining of the arch and supporting tunnels of the station is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements, end walls - from monolithic reinforced concrete. As other structural elements of the underground structure, elements also used in the construction of the subway were selected. The underground complex is made in the form of a loop in a mine with a diameter of 8.5 m, which is the central transport tunnel, and in parallel located (on both sides of the external circuit) workings designed to accommodate radioactive waste. The underground structure is connected with the earth's surface: an inclined transport tunnel with a diameter of 5.6 m and two vertical shaft shafts (construction and ventilation) with a diameter of 6 m. The disadvantages of the above RWDs are the difficulty in constructing large-volume chambers using manual labor, and the low utilization rate of -for the presence of long transport tunnels, high costs for ventilation of underground workings, the location of transportation systems, ventilation, lighting, appliances RW control in the area of increased radiation, which complicates their maintenance, repair and replacement.

An underground structure for long-term storage and / or burial of packages of radioactive waste is known, containing one or more tunnels connected to a ground structure for receiving these packages, means for transporting the packages and means for stacking them. The tunnels have a spiral shape and are connected by radial technological tunnels through which radwaste packages are transported in spiral tunnels to the storage and / or disposal site, RU 2133993. Spiral tunnels are connected to the earth's surface by three vertical shaft shafts: ventilation, construction and transport. RW packages are delivered to the underground structure using a self-propelled cart. The removal of packages from the trolley and their arrangement in the mining are carried out by a loading machine - a stacker. The stacker is a portal-type self-propelled machine on a rail track with three degrees of freedom of movement of the cargo, providing stacking of packages. Ventilation, control and lighting systems are located in the storage and / or disposal area of RW packages. The disadvantage is the fact that the personnel carrying out the transportation of RW packages, monitoring their condition, as well as the personnel operating and repairing ventilation, lighting and other engineering systems, are not isolated from the radioactive waste and must periodically be in the area of increased radiation.

An underground structure for long-term storage and / or burial of packages of radioactive waste is also known, containing one or more tunnels connected to a ground structure for receiving these packages, means for transporting packages and means for stacking them (RF patent No. 2431210, IPC G21F 9/24 , publ. 10.10.2011). The specified technical solution was adopted as a prototype of this utility model. The disadvantage of the prototype is the fact that the tunnel, made in the form of a circle, does not allow full use of its usable area for packaging, for transporting and stacking packages using various vehicles, which increases operating costs for maintenance and maintenance of the structure.

The task solved by the utility model is to increase the capacity of the container storage for radioactive waste, providing the possibility of loading, transporting and stacking containers using a single loader-manipulator with remote control, monitoring the condition of containers and their placement, reducing the cost of maintaining and operating the underground structure.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed utility model is to increase the capacity of the underground storage, ensure the reliability and safety of isolation of radioactive waste, the possibility of loading, transporting and stacking containers using a single loader-manipulator with remote control, which reduces the contact of personnel with radioactive waste , monitoring the condition of containers and their placement, reducing the cost of maintaining and operating underground wow construction.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in FIG. 1 - longitudinal section of the structure;

in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 2;

in FIG. 4 is a section bb in FIG. 3;

An underground facility for long-term storage and / or burial of containers with radioactive waste includes a ground portal 1 for receiving these containers, from which tunnels 2 for storing containers with radioactive waste go out, a loader-manipulator 3 with an electric drive and remote control for transporting and stacking containers 4 into the tunnels 2. The opposite ends of the tunnels 2 are connected through the ventilation shaft 13 to the ventilation center 12. In the lower part of the tunnel, a transport corridor 5 is made, along which the loader-manipulator 3 with containers 4 is moving Rodolno, including the side walls 6, the transport corridor 5 is covered with safety plates 7 as the corridor 5 is filled with containers 4 and the compartment 8 for storage and burial of containers 4. The containers 4 are stacked using the loader-manipulator 3. The upper part 9 of the tunnel 2 is separated by a protective floor 10, which provides the ability to control the status of the movement and stacking of containers 4 due to the transparent shield material 11 and a technological hole for filling inert materials when filling compartment 8. The compartments 8 for storing and burial containers 4 are limited by walls 14 having openings 15 that are closed as the compartment 8 is filled with sliding panels 17. In the upper part 9 of the tunnel 2 there are fans 16, as well as other engineering systems and controls (not shown in the drawings).

Containers 4 with radioactive waste by road or rail are delivered to the ground portal 1, where the loader 3 loads them onto its shipping platform and is transported along the transport corridor 5 of one of the tunnels 2 to the compartment 8 for storage and burial of containers. Operations on moving containers 4 in transport corridor 5, unloading and stacking are carried out by personnel remotely using an electric drive mounted on a loader-manipulator 3 automatically from the operator's room. After delivery of the container 4 to compartment 8, the loader 3 captures the container 4, which is unloaded into the transport corridor 5 with the help of a lift located on the loader-manipulator 3 and, as the corridor 5 is filled with containers 4, is covered with safety plates 7 and the containers 4 are fed into compartment 8 and installed in a stack. The loader-manipulator 3 is moved from compartment 8 to other compartments along transport corridor 5. After filling compartment 8, the opening 15 in wall 14 is closed by sliding panels 17. Ventilation, air control, and lighting of compartments 8 are carried out from the clean top of tunnel 9 2. On the protective floor 10 posted by electric cables, pipelines, secondary instruments of instrumentation and industrial television (not shown in the drawings). Air from all rooms of the underground structure through the ventilation shaft 13 is removed with the help of fans 16 to the ventilation center 12. Closing of compartment 8 (transferring the compartment to the status of a repository) is carried out by supplying inert or sorption material (cement mortar, clay-sand mixture, etc.) from it the upper part 9 of the tunnel 2 through the technological holes in the ceiling 10 (not shown in the drawing).

The utility model is industrially applicable, as it can be applicable in industry, in the field of radioactive waste management (RW). For the construction of an underground structure, conventional structural materials and factory equipment were used. The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions used in this utility model, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

The utility model is industrially applicable, as it can be applicable in industry, in the field of radioactive waste management (RW). For the construction of an underground structure, conventional structural materials and factory equipment were used. The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions used in this utility model, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

Claims (1)

An underground structure for long-term storage and / or burial of containers with radioactive waste, containing one or more tunnels connected to a ground structure for receiving these containers, means for transporting unloading and stacking containers, characterized in that in the lower part of the tunnel having a square shape, a transport corridor was made, intended not only for moving the vehicle (loader-manipulator), but also for filling with containers, including side walls, on discontinuity safety plates as the filling corridor containers for storage and / or disposal of radioactive wastes.

Images