RU161466U1 - INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC PULSE POLISHING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Installation for electropulse polishing, comprising a working bath having a protective casing with an air suction, a cassette for workpieces, a manipulator for vertical movement of the cassette, having a current supply from a power source and a drive and configured to control and control the speed of immersion of products in an electrolyte, heater, heat exchanger and means for draining the electrolyte, characterized in that the manipulator is equipped with a pivoting frame on which said cassette is mounted with its rotation drive no horizontal axis through 180 °, wherein the cassette is connected to a power source by means of flexible insulated provodnikov.2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the bathtub is made of polymer material. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged to continuously circulate the electrolyte sequentially through a heat exchanger and heater located outside the bathtub and the bathtub. 4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that it is arranged to clean the electrolyte in front of the heat exchanger in the electrolyte circulation circuit.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of technological equipment for electrochemical and electrophysical processing of metal products and can be used for polishing products from various metals, as well as for cleaning and preparing their surfaces for applying various coatings.

A known installation of electrolyte-plasma polishing (RF patent for the invention No. 2268326 dated 09/27/2004, IPC C25F 7/00), containing pneumatic cylinders, a suspension with a cartridge, two working baths, an electrolyte correction bath, a pump for pumping a solution, clamps for fixing products , a pre-loading chamber, a scattering filter for pumping a solution, an electrolyte correction bath with an electric heater, a heat exchanger and a level sensor, while the working bath body is a cathode.

The disadvantages of this installation are the impossibility of ensuring a uniform amount of metal removal in one cycle of operation, the possibility of contamination of the electrolyte by particles removed from the surface during processing, which affects the quality of processing. The use of an additional bath for electrolyte correction and temperature control requires significant amounts of electrolyte.

Also known is an installation for electrolyte-discharge treatment (RF, utility model patent No. 47367 dated 04/12/2005, IPC C25F 7/00), containing a working bath in the form of a box with heaters, electrolyte feed means and an electrolyte overflow means with a receiving tank, protective a casing, a manipulator in the form of a vertical movement mechanism, a suspension bracket with a current lead from a power source, a cassette for installing a workpiece, an electrolyte cooling means and an electrolyte cleaning means.

The disadvantages of this installation are the impossibility of ensuring a uniform amount of metal removal for one cycle of operation, the use of significant volumes of electrolyte due to the use of an additional tank with heat exchangers for temperature control.

Closest to the proposed utility model in terms of technical nature and the number of matching features is the installation of electrolyte-plasma polishing (RF, patent for invention №2323279 dated 10/06/2006, IPC C25F 7/00), containing a working bath in the form of a box with a protective casing, a manipulator vertical movement with a suspension, with a current supply from a power source and with a drive, providing adjustment and control of the speed of immersion of products in the electrolyte, heaters located inside the bathtub, cassette, means for draining the electrolyte and the output of its vapors with an air suction pump, an electrolyte temperature regulator, a means for supplying electrolyte activators and a heat exchanger with a cooling recorder.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to ensure a uniform amount of metal removal in one cycle, as well as the lack of means for cleaning the electrolyte. In addition, metal baths with solutions used for electropulse polishing corrode over time, and placing heaters and heat exchangers directly in the bath makes their maintenance difficult.

The objective of the utility model is to ensure the possibility of obtaining products with high surface quality and accuracy of geometric dimensions, as well as improving the reliability of the installation.

EFFECT: increased uniformity of metal removal, absence of equipment corrosion.

The problem is solved by the proposed installation for electropulse polishing, containing a working bath, a protective casing, an air suction pump, a heater, a heat exchanger, a means for draining the electrolyte, a cassette for workpieces, a vertical cassette manipulator equipped with a current supply from the power source and a drive that provides speed regulation and control immersion of products in electrolyte, while the manipulator is additionally equipped with a rotary frame on which the cartridge is fixed, and a drive, providing Chiva frame rotation about its horizontal axis by 180 ° in the forward and backward directions, wherein the cassette is connected to a power source by means of flexible insulated conductors. In addition, the working bath is made of a polymeric material and equipped with cathodes located inside it, and the proposed installation comprises a pump that continuously circulates the electrolyte sequentially through a heat exchanger with a heater located outside the bath, a bath and an electrolyte purifier located in front of the heat exchanger in the electrolyte circulation circuit, and to stabilize the thermal polishing regime, the installation is equipped with a pump performance controller and a cooling medium flow controller, pass blowing through a heat exchanger.

The difference between the proposed installation and the prototype is that the manipulator is additionally equipped with a rotary frame on which the cartridge is fixed, and a drive that rotates the frame relative to its horizontal axis by 180 ° in the forward and reverse directions, while the cartridge is connected to the power source by means of flexible insulated conductors . Other differences are that the bathtub is made of polymeric material and equipped with cathodes located inside it. The installation is equipped with a pump that continuously circulates the electrolyte sequentially through a heat exchanger with a heater located outside the bath, a bath and an electrolyte purifier located in front of the heat exchanger in the electrolyte circulation circuit. In addition, to stabilize the thermal polishing regime, the installation is equipped with a pump performance controller and a regulator of the flow rate of the cooling medium passing through the heat exchanger.

From the scientific and technical literature, the authors do not know the installation for electropulse polishing, containing a combination of the claimed features.

The figure shows the layout of the proposed installation.

The electropulse polishing unit contains a bath (1) of polymer material with a casing (2) located above it, at the top of which an air suction pump (3) is installed, connected to an exhaust ventilation system. Inside the bath (1) on its sides there are cathodes (4) connected to a power source (not shown in the figure). At the bottom of the bath is a means of draining the electrolyte (5). Above the bathtub (1) there is a manipulator (6) of vertical movement with an adjustable drive (7). A rotary frame (8) with a drive (9) for its rotation around a horizontal axis is mounted on the manipulator (6). A cassette (10) with workpieces is attached to the rotary frame (8), connected to the power source by flexible insulated current leads (11). The installation also contains a pump (12) connected in series with the bathtub (1) with a capacity regulator, an electrolyte cleaning agent (13), a heat exchanger (14) with a cooling medium flow regulator (15), and a heater (16) forming together with the bathtub (1) electrolyte circulation circuit.

Installation works as follows.

An electrolyte circulation circuit containing a bath (1), a pump (12), a heat exchanger (14) and a heater (15) is filled with water, then electrolyte components are introduced into the bath (1), a pump (12) and a heater (15) are turned on. Due to the circulation of the electrolyte, its components are mixed and the process of dissolution of the components is intensified. When the electrolyte reaches the lower limit of the operating temperature range at the entrance to the bathtub (1), the heater (15) stops its operation. Through the opening in the protective casing (2), the cartridge (10) with the workpieces is fixed on the swing frame (8), the cartridge (10) is connected to the power source with flexible insulated current leads (11), then the opening in the protective casing (2) is closed, exhaust ventilation connected to the air exhaust pump (3) of the protective box (2) and give a command to start the working cycle. The working cycle begins with supplying power to the cartridge (10) with the products, after which the vertical manipulator (6) lowers the rotary frame (8) with the cartridge (10) into the bathtub (1), where the electropulse polishing process takes place. The speed of lowering the cassette (10) with the products in the bath (1) is set depending on the area of the treated surface using an adjustable drive (7) of the manipulator (6). During the operation of the installation, the pump (12) constantly circulates the electrolyte sequentially through the heat exchanger (14), heater (16) and the bath (1). In this case, in the bath (1), the electrolyte is heated by the heat released during electropulse polishing, and in the heat exchanger (14) it is cooled to a temperature corresponding to the lower boundary of the working temperature range of the electropulse polishing, which provides a regulator (15) of the flow rate of the cooling medium. Turning on the heater (16) provides the necessary temperature of the electrolyte at the inlet to the bath (1) in case of overcooling. The heating of the electrolyte in the bath (1) not higher than the upper limit of the operating temperature range of the electric pulse polishing provides an appropriate adjustable pump capacity (12). The processing of products having contaminants and non-metallic inclusions on the surface is carried out with an electrolyte purifier included in the circulation circuit (13). After half the time required for processing, the power supply stops working, and the manipulator (6) removes the cassette (10) attached to the frame (8) with the processed products from the bath (1), after which the drive (9) rotates the frame (8) with the fixed on it with a cartridge (10) with products 180 ° relative to the horizontal axis, while the cartridge remains connected to the power source due to the flexibility of insulated current leads (11). Then the power source is turned on, and the manipulator (6) lowers the rotary frame (8) with the cartridge (10) with the products into the bath (1), where it is for the second half of the time necessary for processing the products. After the processing time has elapsed, the cassette power supply stops working, and the manipulator (6) removes the cassette (10) attached to the frame (8) with the processed products from the bathtub (1), after which the drive (9) rotates the frame (8) with it fixed cassette (10) with products relative to the horizontal axis 180 ° in the opposite direction, bringing it to its original position. Through the opening in the protective casing (2), the current leads (11) are disconnected from the cartridge (10) with the processed products and the cartridge (10) is removed from the swing frame (8). After running out of life, the spent electrolyte is removed from the bath (1) through an electrolyte drain (5).

As a result of numerous experiments, it turned out that only the use of a manipulator with a rotary frame, on which a cassette with workpieces is fixed, and a drive that rotates the frame 180 ° in its forward and reverse directions relative to its horizontal axis, allows to achieve the greatest uniformity of metal removal from the surface of the products for one cycle of work, which is a guarantee of high surface quality and accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the processed products. So, for example, when electropulse polishing a batch of products in the form of rods, the total metal removal over the entire surface of the products amounted to 24 to 28 microns in two stages of processing, which ensures the required accuracy of geometric dimensions. The surface roughness decreased from the initial value of Ra 0.7-0.9 microns to Ra 0.15-0.3 microns. In plants operating on other principles, including the installation - prototype, these high results could not be obtained.

Connecting the cassette to a power source through flexible insulated conductors also works for this result, allowing the cassette to rotate with the frame.

The use of a bathtub made of a non-corrosive polymer material ensures reliable long-term operation of the installation, which increases its service life. The placement of the heat exchanger and heater outside the bath, providing the convenience of their control and maintenance, works for the same result.

Using a pump with a capacity regulator that constantly circulates the electrolyte through the bath, a heat exchanger with a flow regulator for the cooling medium, and a heater allows one to stabilize the thermal regime of electric pulse polishing within the optimal range of electrolyte temperature values and, as a result, to ensure consistently high surface quality and accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the products.

According to the experiments, the constant circulation of the electrolyte through the bath, the heat exchanger with the flow rate regulator of the cooling medium and the heater, carried out by the pump with the flow rate regulator, ensures the temperature of the electrolyte at the inlet to the bath from 80 to 82 ° C, and at the outlet from the bath from 88 to 90 ° C regardless of current load.

The inclusion of an electrolyte purification agent in the circulation circuit eliminates the occurrence of processing defects caused by insoluble particles that are removed from the surface of contaminants and non-metallic inclusions that enter the electrolyte, ensuring a high surface quality when processing contaminated and highly oxidized products.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the proposed installation of electropulse polishing provides products with higher surface quality and accuracy of geometric dimensions with significantly greater reliability.

From the foregoing, it follows that each of the features of the claimed combination to a greater or lesser extent affects the solution of the problem, and the entire population is sufficient to characterize the claimed technical solution.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for electropulse polishing, comprising a working bath having a protective casing with an air suction, a cassette for workpieces, a manipulator for vertical movement of the cassette, having a current supply from a power source and a drive and configured to control and control the speed of immersion of products in an electrolyte, heater, heat exchanger and means for draining the electrolyte, characterized in that the manipulator is equipped with a pivoting frame on which said cassette is mounted with its rotation drive no horizontal axis through 180 °, wherein the cassette is connected to a power source by means of flexible insulated conductors. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the bathtub is made of a polymer material. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of constant circulation of the electrolyte sequentially through a heat exchanger and heater located outside the bathtub and the bathtub. 4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that it is arranged to clean the electrolyte in front of the heat exchanger in the electrolyte circulation circuit.

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