RU161419U1 - UNDERGROUND CONSUMPTION WAREHOUSE FOR EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS FOR UNDERGROUND MINING OF USEFUL FOSSIL - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground consumable warehouse for non-explosive materials for underground mining, including a storage of materials in the form of a tank, characterized in that the tank for storing and issuing an emulsion matrix is made in the form of a heat-insulated container with an inspection hatch, a loading, ventilation and drain pipe secured with lodges on external supporting frame with jibs, and the tank is equipped with vibration and ultrasonic level sensors, a temperature sensor, as well as a ladder and a railing in the upper part .

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry, in particular to methods and means for the safe storage of non-explosive components of explosive materials in an underground warehouse.

Known warehouse container mobile for storage and transportation of explosive materials for industrial use (RF patent 125332, publ. 02.27.2013). The invention is a parallelepiped-shaped container placed on a site, having means for loading it with lifting devices and having swing doors at one end and a partition divided into two rooms, one of which, on the side of the swing door, is designed as a storage for industrial explosives equipped with a ventilation grill and the second is intended for the employee’s place and is made with a deflector, the room for the employee’s place is located on the side of the other end of the conte Nera and is equipped with a door tilted outward, located in the side wall of the container in the area between the partition and the other end of the container, a window equipped with a grill is made in the end of the container from the side of the room for the distributor, and there is a sound and light alarm in the rooms to trigger when the doors are opened, a centralized power supply system and an autonomous power supply unit on rechargeable batteries and a fire alarm system and fire extinguishing system, designed to provide signals for radio channel through the antenna and equipped with automatic powder fire extinguishing modules.

The disadvantage of this device is the small amount of stored explosives and a rather high risk of their transportation.

It is known to use universal medium- and large-capacity containers used for transportation of explosive materials as storage facilities located on open areas of basic and expendable warehouses of explosive materials (F.A. Pladis, V.A. Shkurin, G.E. Surmaev "Containers" , Handbook, Moscow, “Mechanical Engineering”, 1981 or “Unified Safety Rules for Blasting Operations” (PB 13-407-01). These containers are parallelepiped-shaped. They consist of a frame formed by corner posts, transverse and longitudinal beams of the roof and bottom; end and side walls, roof, floor, door, equipped with corner upper and lower fittings; made of stainless steel. Containers are installed in warehouses of explosive materials in compliance with safe distances between them. In areas with an ambient temperature over + 30 ° C, open container areas should be equipped with awnings, heat-insulating bedspreads, etc. by technical means, since the temperature in containers with ammonium nitrate explosives should not exceed plus 30 ° C. The location of containers with explosive materials in open areas should be such that access to each container is ensured ("Instructions on the procedure for the transportation, storage and accounting of explosives in containers placed in open areas of VM storage facilities of mining non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises", 1985) .

The disadvantage of container-type storages for storing and consuming explosive materials is the increased area of the container site for placing containers, the need to organize a special site for their placement, installation of awnings and providing access roads to each container. In addition, the containers do not have a ventilation system and therefore cannot be used as storage rooms for explosive materials.

A container-type storage facility for explosive materials and ammonium nitrate is known (patent RU 84424, Е04Н 7/00, publ. 07/10/2009), consisting of one or more containers consisting of a frame, walls, roof, floor and door, and each of which has ventilation devices in the form of vents with a deflector and louvred grilles, two swing doors opening outwards - an internal lattice made of wood pre-treated with an antiseptic or metal and external made of sheet metal, individual containers can be made with vestibules, races laid between the inner and outer doors, in which tables are installed for the packaging of explosive materials; the exterior walls, doors and ceiling are treated with liquid ceramic heat-insulating coatings or coatings based on mineral fibers and cement binders or coated with heat-insulating moisture-proof roll material or plates with subsequent painting with fire-retardant paint; internal non-heat-insulated metal surfaces are primed and painted with fire-resistant paints; while the containers are installed on a single planned site end-to-end to each other along the side and / or end walls and are firmly bonded to each other with sealing joints along the entire length; the floors are made of wooden boards treated with an antiseptic; and explosive materials and ammonium nitrate are stored in their original packaging. A storage facility for explosive materials or ammonium nitrate is mounted on a single planned site of gravel or gravel without foundation. The containers are installed close to each other on the end or side, or on the end and side walls and tightly tightened together with special bolts on the upper and lower fittings in a single design, the joints between the walls are sealed with waterproof mastic (sealant). With a small consumption of explosive materials, one container can be installed in which both side and end walls, the ceiling and the outer metal door are thermally insulated. Surfaces are treated with liquid ceramic heat-insulating coatings, such as Isollat, Thermalcoat, or Devisprey heat-insulating coating, or coated with heat-insulating moisture-proof roll material, such as URSA and moisture-proof boards, followed by painting with fire-resistant paint, for example, KROZ type. The same thermal insulation can be applied to the exterior walls, ceiling and exterior doors on the outside of the container.

The disadvantage of this known solution is that the containers are used only as a ready-made room or basic structure, on the basis of which a storage warehouse is mounted, which after connecting all the containers to each other becomes stationary. This technology allows us to simplify the process of building a stationary warehouse for industrial volumes of explosives. The use of a single container is also based on the algorithm for constructing a stationary room at the place of blasting, but all the features of the safe storage of even small explosive and VM stocks with the constant presence of a distributor (warehouse manager) nearby or in the container have not been thought out. In the example of a single container, the VV and VM storage itself is made in the form of a part of the room separated by a partition from the entrance hinged door, and the area between the entrance hinged door from the container end and the partition is freed up for the distributor (warehouse manager). Thus, the distributor (warehouse manager) is constantly in the vestibule in front of the door-entrance to the explosive and VM storage, the same opening of the entrance door is used as natural ventilation of the storage when opening the door in the partition. Such placement of the distributor (warehouse manager) reduces the movement of the latter from the entrance to the container to the entrance to the storage, but is unsafe. Explosive materials and ammonium nitrate are stored on racks in the storehouse in their original packaging in bags, and the means of initiation are in the factory packaging (boxes), the design and placement of which must comply with the requirements of the “Unified safety rules for blasting”. Thus, upon demand, explosives and VMs are carried out from the container through the vestibule, in which the distributor (warehouse manager) is constantly located and conducts accounting work. From carrying the bags there is dust, traces of explosives and explosives deposited on the walls, floor and ceiling, which requires constant hygienic monitoring of the state of the vestibule.

The container in these structures loses its function - mobility and the ability to transport from one work platform to another.

The underground warehouse of explosive materials is known (USSR copyright certificate, No. 855234, publ. 08/15/1981, bull. No. 30). An underground warehouse of explosive materials, including a chamber with cells having inlet openings located along a mine, according to the invention, the cells are made in the form of volumetric box-shaped reinforced concrete blocks mounted on cushioning material, the inner surfaces of the upper and side walls of each block being beveled towards the outlet , and the camera is equipped with a wave-extinguishing screen made in the form of corrugated blocks mounted by reefs inside the camera.

The disadvantage of this invention is the high volume of mining operations and the high likelihood of dangerous situations during the operation of this structure.

A well-known fuel storage container (RU 97097, 08.27.2010) containing a housing with at least one technological compartment, oil reservoirs, breathing valves, inspection hatches, metering devices, sludge drain holes, filling pipelines connected to pumps and pipelines distribution of petroleum products connected to the respective fuel dispensers, a frame for installation on the supports of the tanks, fire extinguishers located on the service site installed on the fuel storage container, tanks boron emergency oil Strait, with a drain pipe, the control parameter sensors, and the automatic fire extinguishing units mounted fire sensors and detectors.

The disadvantages of this storage container is that it is metal-intensive and has a large weight, since the technological compartments are closed.

Known fuel storage container (RU 93055, 04/20/2010), comprising a housing made in the form of a geometric body formed by upper and lower bases, convex side and flat end walls, at least one technological compartment, oil reservoirs, breathing valves, inspection manholes, gauges, sludge drain holes, filling pipelines connected to pumps, and oil product pipelines, a separate or solid frame, fire extinguishers located on the pipes of the breathing valves of canals, a service platform installed on the body, a collection tank for emergency spillage of oil products, with a drain pipe, parameter monitoring sensors, automatic fire extinguishing modules, fire detectors and detectors.

The disadvantages of this design, in addition to the above, should be that it can be used at most only in cold northern conditions, since in hot conditions, due to significant heating of the body, its deformation and destruction of welds occur. This leads to fuel spills and environmental pollution.

Capacitive devices are known (http://www.vto-promtech.ru/tanks). Designed for storage of water, oil-water emulsion, wastewater and industrial water, various petroleum products, etc. The wall thickness of the tanks is at least 6 mm. At the request of the customer, tanks can be equipped with additional underground facilities. The service life of the equipment is at least 20 years. The equipment complies with existing sanitary and environmental standards. Possible options: for surface installation; for underground installation; on supports (lodgements) and without them; with flat and conical bottoms; in northern execution; from stainless steel and polymeric materials; with external and internal anti-corrosion coating; with and without a technological well; with a branch pipe of the level gauge, etc. Capacitive devices can be delivered complete with: heaters using heating water, steam and electricity; submersible or semi-submersible type drainage pumping equipment, domestic or imported; level gauge; sensor, level indicator, etc .; phase separation sensor; shut-off and control valves; thermal insulation, etc.

The disadvantages of these devices is the lack of a supporting frame and large dimensions.

Known fuel storage container (RF patent No. 142682, 06/27/2014), consisting of a body made in the form of a geometric body formed by upper and lower bases, convex side and flat end walls. The container contains one or two technological compartments made in the form of a canopy, which are protruding fragments of the body and a reservoir for petroleum products in shape, as well as a breathing valve, inspection hatch, metering device, a hole for draining the sludge, a filling pipeline connected to the pump and a pipeline for dispensing petroleum products, a separate or continuous frame, a fire extinguisher located on the pipe of the breathing valve, a service platform installed on the body, the collection capacity of the emergency spill of oil products, from nym pipe, parameter monitoring sensors, automatic fire extinguishing unit, fire sensors and the detector. A fragment of the housing, which is a canopy, consists of a part: a flat upper base, sides and ends of the housing, the latter of which is represented by two kerchiefs connecting the sides with the upper base. The container has a service platform with a fence and a removable ladder. Under or above the filling pipeline and pump, tanks are installed to collect the emergency spill of oil products.

The disadvantage of this invention is its layout, which does not allow to lower the device along the mine workings, large dimensions, necessitating an increased volume of mining operations, as well as the lack of thermal insulation.

Known underground consumable warehouse for explosive materials for underground mining, adopted as a prototype (USSR copyright certificate, No. 1399463, publ. 05/30/1988, bull. No. 20). An underground supply of explosive materials for underground mining, including a storage of explosive materials, a receiving and distributing chamber in communication with a mine shaft and horizontal workings, according to the invention, in order to accelerate the supply of explosive materials and increase safety by isolating the flow of delivery of explosive materials from other technological flows, the warehouse is equipped with additional vertical or inclined working with a height not less than the interval of mining with connected to with horizontal approach workings located on the horizon of the explosive materials storage and workout horizons, with the additional workout located in the workout interval, connected to the receiving and distributing chambers, communicated with the surface of the mine and equipped with means for delivering unstuffed and unstressed explosive material, and the horizontal approach workings are connected with horizontal workings.

The disadvantage of this invention is the high volume of mining operations and the high likelihood of dangerous situations during the operation of this structure.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the volume of mining operations and the exclusion of the likelihood of dangerous situations during the operation of this structure.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the underground supply warehouse of non-explosive materials for underground mining, including a storage of materials in the form of a reservoir according to the invention, the reservoir for storing and dispensing an emulsion matrix is made in the form of a thermally insulated container with an inspection hatch, a loading, ventilation and drain pipe secured with the help of lodges on an external supporting frame with jibs, the tank is equipped with vibration and ultrasonic level sensors, a temperature sensor tours, as well as gangways and railings at the top.

The underground consumable warehouse for non-explosive materials for underground mining is illustrated by the drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a reservoir for storing and dispensing an emulsion matrix, where:

1 - tank capacity for storage and delivery of the emulsion matrix;

2 - tank frame for storing and issuing emulsion matrix;

3 - lodgements;

4 - inspection hatch;

5 - loading pipe, for example DN 80;

6 - drain pipe, for example, DN 80;

7 - ventilation pipe, for example DN 50;

8 - pipe with vibration level limit sensor, for example, FTL51;

9 - pipe with an ultrasonic level sensor, for example, FMU 40;

10 - temperature sensor;

11 - ladders;

12 - railing.

Emulsion explosives have long been widely used throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. The use of emulsion explosives can radically improve the safety of transportation and loading of explosives, since non-explosive components are transported and charged and the final "explosive product" is formed only in charged wells. Currently, the technology of using emulsion explosives in the underground space is developing rapidly. An underground consumable warehouse for non-explosive materials for underground mining is intended for temporary storage of emulsion explosive components.

The underground consumable warehouse for non-explosive materials for underground mining contains the following basic elements. The storage capacity of 1 tank is installed for storage and delivery of the emulsion matrix. A tank with a capacity of 1 is designed to store and dispense an emulsion matrix, which is the inverse emulsion of an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate in mineral oil. The emulsion matrix belongs to class 5, subclass 5.1 (oxidizing agent). The UN serial number is 3375. The tank can be operated at ambient temperatures from minus 20 ° C to plus 50 ° C in any climatic conditions. Filling the tank 1 with an emulsion matrix can be carried out, for example, with a Wilden type pneumatic diaphragm pump through the loading nozzle 5. Also, when the tank 1 is placed below the level of liquid discharge from the supplier, discharge by spill under the action of gravity is possible. It is allowed to load the tank 1 through the inspection hatch 4. The tank 1 can be unloaded through the drain pipe 6. Unloading can be carried out by gravity (when the filling station for mixing and charging machines is below the storage level) or by a pneumatic diaphragm pump, for example, Wilden type ( for example, when refueling directly in storage). To avoid increasing or decreasing the pressure inside the tank, the tank container is equipped with a ventilation pipe 7. The tank 1 is serviced through the inspection hatch 4. The processes of loading and unloading of the tank 1 are controlled by sensors installed using flange connections to the pipes 8 and 9. As a level sensor can be used, for example, an ultrasonic level sensor Prosonic M FMU40 mounted on the pipe 9. The signals from the sensor are output to the control unit (not shown conditionally), for example, with wreath product FNX40, mounted near the tank level sensor 1. The principle of operation is as follows - the level sensor transmits ultrasonic pulses toward the surface of the product. Pulses are reflected from the surface and received by the sensor. Based on the obtained measurements of time intervals, the control unit calculates the value of the product level in tank 1. The results are displayed. The control unit allows you to display the level of the emulsion matrix in linear units or in units of mass. Before operating tank 1, it is necessary to calibrate the level sensor. Calibration procedures are described in the sensor manual. When the emulsion matrix level reaches a predetermined value, the control unit generates a signal to the pneumatic valve, which shuts off the compressed air supply to the pump, for example, Wilden, and the filling of the tank 1 with the emulsion matrix is stopped. When loading through the inspection hatch 4, the filling of the tank 1 must also be checked visually. On the pipe 8 set the vibration level sensor, for example, Liquiphant M FTL51. The level sensor allows you to avoid overflow capacity 1 emulsion matrix. The principle of operation of the sensor is as follows - the fork contact of the sensor oscillates at its own frequency, when the emulsion matrix overlaps the contacts, the oscillation frequency changes. The sensor converts the change in the oscillation frequency into a warning light-sound signal. Before you start operating the tank 1, you must configure the level sensor. The setting procedure is described in the sensor manual. To service the sensors (level and limit level) and tank 1, ladders are provided at the top of the tank 11. Ladders are fenced with a railing 12. Chains can be provided to enclose an open opening. Climbing the ladders is carried out along the stairs installed along the narrow side of the tank 1.

The underground consumable warehouse of non-explosive materials for underground mining is as follows. The components of emulsion explosives are delivered from the surface using self-propelled equipment along an inclined ramp communicated with the surface. Next, unload these components in the repository. Capacity 1 has thermal insulation that allows you to store the emulsion matrix pumped into it while maintaining a regulated temperature. Along the outer perimeter, the tank 1 is rigidly fixed with the help of lodges 3 on the frame 2. The frame 2 is reinforced with jibs. This solution allows you to avoid deformation of the tank during its descent along the inclined working 15 for installation in the storage 13. In the upper part of the tank 1 there is a loading pipe 5, for example DN 80 for filling the emulsion matrix in the tank using a pump. At the end in the lower part of the tank 1 there is a drain pipe 6, for example, DN 80 for draining the emulsion matrix. In the upper part of the tank 1 are installed: ventilation pipe 7, for example DN 50; a pipe 8 with a vibration level sensor, for example, FTL51; pipe 9 with an ultrasonic level sensor, for example, FMU 40. Placing these pipes in the upper part allows you to obtain reliable information about the volume of the substance stored inside, as well as to eliminate the formation of vacuum during pumping of the product. At the end of the container 1, a temperature sensor 10 is provided, with which the temperature of the product is monitored during the storage phase of the emulsion matrix. Ladders 11 and railings 12 are rigidly fixed on the frame 2, with the help of which the tank 1 is serviced. The tank 1 is loaded with an emulsion matrix from the tank of the delivery machine using a pump through the pipe 6 or by pouring under gravity through the inspection hatch 4 (if the tank 1 is installed, below the drainage capacity of the delivery vehicle). Unloading and refueling of underground mixing and charging machines is carried out either using pumps or by spout under the action of gravity when opening the drain pipe 6 (when filling points are located on horizontal workings 16). Underground mixing and charging machines get into the storehouse along inclined workings from horizontal workings.

The use of an underground non-explosive consumables warehouse for underground mining provides the following benefits:

- reduction in mining operations.

Claims (1)

An underground consumable warehouse for non-explosive materials for underground mining, including a storage of materials in the form of a tank, characterized in that the tank for storing and issuing an emulsion matrix is made in the form of a heat-insulated container with an inspection hatch, a loading, ventilation and drain pipe secured with lodges on external supporting frame with jibs, and the tank is equipped with vibration and ultrasonic level sensors, a temperature sensor, as well as a ladder and a railing in the upper part .

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