RU16046U1 - VENT ELECTRIC CAR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Valve electric machine containing an axis with a stator and mounted on it with the possibility of rotation of the rotor and rim, characterized in that the said machine has permanent magnets with the number of poles 2p, the teeth of the stator with coils, the sensors of the angular position of the rotor, and the rotor is located in the form concentric located inductor and connected to the rim, while the permanent magnets are located on the inductor with alternating polarity, the stator is located inside the inductor and carries teeth with coils and yokes located with gaps include of permanent magnets, angular position sensors are fixed on the stator and electrically connected to the coils, the coils are connected into a winding having phases divided into phase groups, the coils within the phase group are arranged in increments of 1, 2 different from the pitch of permanent magnets , 3 ..., so that the number of stator teeth Z satisfies the expression Z = ζ · m · α, where ζ is the number of coils in the phase group; m is the number of phases; α is the number of parallel branches of the winding, and, at the same time, the number 2p poles was determined as 2p = (ζ · m ± 1) · α, angular position sensors placed one per phase between the stator teeth as close as possible to the axes of the phase groups. 2. The valve electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator core is made with the aim of reducing waste electrical steel from separate modules - a tooth and a portion of the yoke fastened together. Valve electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of phases can be equal to 2, 3, 4, ..., Z.

Description

VENT ELECTRIC CAR

The device relates to electrical engineering, more specifically to electrical machines and can be used:

but as an engine, for driving electric and hybrid (driven by an internal combustion engine and electric motors) vehicles, as a gearless motor-wheel and other torque drives; but as a low-speed generator used in wind turbines and free-of-charge hydroelectric power stations.

Known Synchronous electric motor, see Copyright certificate SU 1345291 A1 according to MPK4N02K19 / 02 for 1987, bull. No. 38 dated 10.15.87, author AF Shevchenko, containing a stator with a three-phase winding from coils and an active rotor with alternating polarity of poles. Such a device cannot be used at low rotational speeds, since the number of stator teeth Z in it is related to the number of rotor poles 2p by the ratio: 2p Zf; ± K, where Z ЗК,, 2, 3 ..., T: .Q. Zfi 2p. As you know, the number of pole pairs:

where / is the frequency of the mains

p - the frequency of rotation of the electric machine rpm At low speeds of rotation of 20 -f 80 rpm, necessary, for example, for wheelchairs, the number of stator teeth on the proposal of the author of the above-mentioned technical solution is so great that the manufacture of such cars would become extremely time-consuming.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a drive unit for mobile vehicles, see RF Patent No. 2074761 for IPC6A63C17 / 12 for 1997, authors Krivospitsky K) .G1., Avdonin A.F., Mashurop S.I. and others, containing permanent magnets, cores with coils, sensors of the angular position of the rotor, and the rotor is made in the form of concentric

2000118620

Iniiiinillinil

0115620

MPK6N02K17 / 16

P 60 f / p. (1)

located shells and are coherent with the rim, while the permanent magnets are located on the shells one opposite the other and with opposite polarity, on each shell the permanent magnets are alternating in polarity, the stator is placed between the permanent magnets and carries coils with cores. A disadvantage of the known device is the presence of at least two shells (inductors) with permanent magnets, and therefore two non-magnetic gaps between the stator and rotor, due to which the magnets are not fully used, which leads to an unjustified increase in the cost of the product. Compared to a machine with only one external inductor and one gap, in a two-inductor mass of magnets increases by about 40% (the internal inductor is located on a smaller diameter), while the non-magnetic gap increases by a factor of two, since each clearances would lead to toughening the requirements for precision manufacturing and balancing of the electrical machine. Thus, the magnetomotive force (MDS) of the inductors F in a two-inductor machine is not more than 40% more than in

single-inductor, and the magnitude of the non-magnetic gap and its magnetic

- t

RS resistance in the penultimate twice as much. The magnetic flux below the WB pole, in a two-inductor machine, therefore, is less than in a single-inductor:

where F-MflC A;

RS - magnetic resistance 1 / m.

The moment developed by the engine. The most significant value of the low-speed torque drive is directly proportional to the magnetic flux of the rotor; it is also smaller in a two-inductor machine:

F F / RS. (2)

M f - /, (3)

The purpose of this technical solution is to improve traction characteristics, energy performance and reduce the cost of a low-speed valve electric machine.

This goal is achieved by the fact that it is proposed a valve electric machine containing first permanent magnets, cores with windings, rotor angular position sensors, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of one external concentrically located shell and connected to the wheel rim, while the magnets are located next to each other with alternating polarity, the stator is placed inside the rotor and carries the windings located on the core; for the convenience of winding the windings and reducing waste electrical steel, the stator core can be made of separate cores of teeth bonded together, while the number of teeth of the stator Z must satisfy the expression:

where $ is the number of coils in the phase group,

t is the number of phases

and the number of parallel branches of the winding, and, at the same time, the number of poles 1p is defined as:

angular position sensors are placed one per phase between the stator teeth as close as possible to the axes of the phase groups.

The technical result consists in improving the energy and traction performance of a valve electric machine while reducing the mass of permanent magnets and, consequently, the cost of the product.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the magnetic circuit of the proposed technical solution of a valve electric machine with one inductor. The valve electric machine contains: permanent magnets 1, the yoke of the inductor 2, the stator teeth 3, the sensors 4 of the rotor position, the first terminal 5 of the winding 6 and its second terminal 7. Permanent magnets 1 of alternating polarity are mounted on the yoke (magnetic circuit) of the rotor inductor 2. On the teeth of the armature (stator) 3 is wound a phase group of coils of the winding 6. In FIG. 1 shows an example of a phase group consisting of three coils. In the general case, it can consist of 1 7.1 coils. Phase groups can be interconnected by terminals 5, 7 in parallel and / or in series. To create the optimal value of the moment of moment in the motor mode, or the return of electric power

,

2p (qin ± l} i,

in the network during recovery, the windings are connected via an electronic switch. The moment of activation is determined by the position sensor of the rotor 4, for example, a Hall sensor located on the stator, between the teeth, a sensitive element in the working clearance of the machine.

The device operates as follows. In motor mode, the signal from the rotor position sensor 4, located under the permanent magnet 1, mounted on the yoke 2, is fed to an electronic switch (not shown in FIG. Due to the lack of principle in the framework of the considered technical solution), which connects the EMF source to the terminals, for example 5 and 7, the coils of one of the phases 6. A current flows through them, creating an MDS, which, interacting with the fields of permanent magnets 1, creates a force between the teeth 3, in which the electromagnetic field of the stator phase is concentrated, and the permanent magnets 1, creating the torque in the desired direction. When passing the rear edge of the magnet over the sensor, it turns off the phase until it again takes the most favorable position necessary to create a torque in the same direction. At this time, another rotor position sensor includes the next phase, etc. The cycle repeats in all phases, and the rotor receives continuous rotation.

The difference in the recovery mode is that the phases are switched on in order to induce the EMF in them with a field of permanent magnets, and the torque is created by the drive motor. In this case, the rotor position sensor serves to turn on the windings in a timely manner in order to create an EMF delivered to the network, and not multidirectional in time.

With an increase in the number of phases, fewer coils at the same time are in the off state, which leads to a decrease in the pulsations of the torque in the motor mode, and the EMF in the recovery mode, but also to an increase in the number of semiconductor valves, i.e. increasing the cost of the product.

The proposed technical solution allows you to get a low-speed valve electric machine, used for gearless drive vehicles with recovery mode, as well as a low-speed generator of electrical energy.

Claims (3)

1. Valve electric machine containing an axis with a stator and mounted on it with the possibility of rotation of the rotor and rim, characterized in that the said machine has permanent magnets with the number of poles 2p, the teeth of the stator with coils, the sensors of the angular position of the rotor, and the rotor is located in the form concentric located inductor and connected to the rim, while the permanent magnets are located on the inductor with alternating polarity, the stator is located inside the inductor and carries teeth with coils and yokes located with gaps include of permanent magnets, angular position sensors are fixed on the stator and electrically connected to the coils, the coils are connected into a winding having phases divided into phase groups, the coils within the phase group are arranged in increments of 1, 2 different from the pitch of permanent magnets , 3 ..., so that the number of stator teeth Z _S satisfies the expression
Z _s = ζ · m · α,
where ζ is the number of coils in the phase group;
m is the number of phases;
α is the number of parallel branches of the winding,
and, at the same time, the number of poles 2p was determined as
2p = (ζm ± 1)
angular position sensors are placed one per phase between the stator teeth as close as possible to the axes of the phase groups.  2. The valve electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator core is made in order to reduce waste electrical steel from separate modules - a tooth and a portion of the yoke fastened together. 3. Valve electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of phases can be equal to 2, 3, 4, ..., Z _S.