RU157308U1 - DEVICE FOR WORKING WITH BOTTOM GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for working with bottom geophysical stations, providing their descent and ascent, containing a lifting device, characterized in that it additionally contains two winders for placing sectioned load-bearing elements and a device for lowering stations, consisting of two rolls and a working platform, and as a lifting device contains a lifting device type "spire" .2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working platform is equipped with an indicator, a navigation system and a limit switch. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a photorecorder is installed on the working platform. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a magnetic tag reader is installed on the working platform.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of exploration geophysics, in particular, to equipment for predicting hydrocarbon deposits of the seabed using bottom stations /

Currently, various methods are widely used for marine exploration of hydrocarbon deposits associated with exposure to seismic waves or electromagnetic field pulses on the seabed, subsequent recording of changes in the parameters of bottom rocks and analysis of the data to detect existing anomalies and determine their nature. Exploration is carried out using various research complexes of equipment and equipment (IR) [RU 2236028, 2004; SU 1122998, 1984; SU 1798666, 1996; SU 1434385, 1988; US 4298840, 1981; US 4617518, 1986, RU 2324956, 2007]. In recent years, a direction has been rapidly developing in marine geophysics in which various bottom stations (DS), both self-floating and without a self-floating system, are used to collect information about the thickness of the seabed. The type and set of stations used is determined by the particularity of the study being carried out, as well as by the relief of the seabed, in particular, the depths in the measurement zone.

At the same time, in order to obtain a reliable forecast, it is necessary to observe a number of conditions, in particular, to set up stations at a certain distance and obtain accurate information about the location of bottom stations on the seabed, which is why devices ensuring the placement of stations on the bottom and their delivery on board are of great importance.

For a fixed arrangement of seismic DS on the seabed, Sea Bird (D.E. LEVASHOV Modern ships and marine equipment for fishing research, VNIRO, 2010 p. 197-200 - Scribd en.scribd.com/doc/109399431/Д-Е- LEVASHOV-book) used a specially equipped remote-controlled underwater vehicle (ROV). This method provides high accuracy of the station, but it is extremely unproductive and very expensive. In addition, it requires a significant vessel size and allows you to work only with relatively compact seismic stations.

As a rule, most of the vessels used to set up stations use various trawl and auxiliary winches, as well as cargo cranes (D.E. LEVASHOV Modern ships and marine equipment for fishing research, VNIRO, 2010 pp. 197-271 - Scribd http: / /ru.scribd.com/doc/109399431/Д-ЕЛЕЛАВОВ--book) however, this equipment is cumbersome, takes up a lot of space and does not allow for the "spot" setting of bottom stations.

To increase the efficiency of work with bottom stations, special load-gripping devices have been developed (RU 2034767, 1995; RU 2025427, 1994), which contain a housing equipped with rotary jaws and a mechanism for working with it. However, these devices are rather slow and when it is used, especially in pumping conditions, it is difficult to fit the jaws to the places of clamping on the load.

The authors developed a special manipulator device (RU 90006, 2009) for setting up electrical prospecting stations, containing a frame, jaws articulated with a frame, a jaw closure drive and a frame suspension mechanism to the manipulator boom with a shock absorber, allowing the frame to rotate relative to the arrow in the vertical plane of the manipulator’s movement and in the plane of rotation of the frame relative to the boom, the device ensured the setting of stations of complex design, but was not effective enough for mass settings.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a device placed on a specialized vessel, which ensures that the required number of bottom seismic stations are put to the bottom and they are lifted aboard the vessel after completion of work [US 7649803 B2], containing a winch and a line consisting of knots placed on the winch fastening stations of the split-link type, interconnected by load-bearing elements, the length of which ensures the placement of seismic stations along the entire observation profile. The device has high adaptability when launching and lifting stations, it ensures uniformity of their placement at the bottom of the sea, however, it is applicable only on specialized vessels and is designed to work only with seismic stations.

The technical problem solved by the authors was the creation of a device suitable for use on a non-specialized vessel, including a small one, and capable of carrying out work on putting to the bottom the required number of bottom stations of various types and lifting them on board the vessel after completion of work.

The claimed technical result is achieved through the use of a device consisting of at least two winders for placing sectioned load-bearing elements, at least one lifting device of the type "spire" and a device for launching stations, which includes two rolls and at least one working platform for the location of the DS.

The working platform can be equipped with a navigation indicator, a camera, a magnetic tag reader and a limit switch.

The essence of the claimed devices is illustrated by the following figures. In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device and the location of its elements on the deck of a non-specialized vessel. The figure 2 shows the design of the rewinder. The figure 3 illustrates the process of setting electrical prospecting stations. In FIG. 4 a scheme for raising bottom electric prospecting stations is proposed. The figure 5 shows the options for the design of the attachment points for setting seismic stations. In FIG. 6 shows the layout of bottom seismic stations. In FIG. 7 is a diagram of the lifting DS.

The following notation is used in the figures: 1 - spire, 2 and 3 - winders ,, 4 and 5 - rolls, 6 - work platform, 7 - magnetic tag reader, 8 - photo recorder, 9 - limit switch, 10 - GPS receiver (DGPS ), 11 - frame, 12 - geared motor, 13 - base, 14 - conical drum, 15 - removable limiter cap, 16 - section of the load-bearing element, 17 - decoupling weight, 18 - buoy, 19 - decoupling halyard, 20 - bottom station, 21 - pressurized connector, 22 - power link of the station, 23-fixing element of the station, 24 - attachment points, 25 - split link, 26 - loop of the halyard or cable, 27 - protective tube, 28-clamp.

The elements of the complex on the deck of a non-specialized vessel are usually located as follows. Spire 1 is located at a distance of 3-5 meters from the roll 4 approximately in the diametrical plane, and the winders 2 and 3 are placed symmetrically with respect to the spire 1 at a distance of 2-3 meters from it.

The load-bearing element 16 may be a receiving line made of cable from the electrodes when working with electrical prospecting stations or it may be made of a negative buoyancy rope or cable when working with seismic stations. The length of the section of the load-bearing element 16, depending on the vessel used and the distance between the stations, can be in the range from several hundred meters to 1-2 km. When placing seismic stations on the bottom without a self-floating system, a negative buoyancy cable or halyard with fastening nodes of 24 bottom stations located on it can be used as a load-bearing element 16. The mount 24 can be made in the form of a split link 25, a loop of a halyard or cable 26, protected by an elastic tube 27 or moved along the load-bearing element 16 of the clip 28 type "crawl". The distance between the attachment points is determined by the specified distance between the stations at the bottom and the depth of the sea in the area of work. When working at depths of up to 50 meters, the distance between the stations is approximately equal to the distance between the attachment points. When working at depths of more than 50 meters to ensure a given distance between the bottom stations, the distance between the attachment points 24 increases nonlinearly with depth, which is ensured by the use of clamps 28.

The device operates as follows. A vessel equipped with the claimed complex leaves at a predetermined point on the profile extension, where the decoupling cargo 17 with a pop-up or surface buoy 18 and decoupling halyard 19 is discharged, the running end of which is connected to the decoupling cargo 17, and the root end is located on the rewinder 2 through the roll 4. The bottom electrical prospecting station 20 is installed on the working platform 6, under its weight, the limit switch 9 is activated, providing the triggering of the photo recorder 8 and the magnetic tag reader 7 to identify the station and entered Nia its parameters in the database. A load-bearing element 16 (receiving line) is placed on the winder 3, the running end of which is connected to the station 20 using a pressure seal 21 and the power link 22. The running end of the receiving line is wound onto the roll 5. The station 23 fastening element is connected to the second power link of the station 22. as the vessel moves along the profile, the decoupling hitch is etched and when the last 3-4 hoses remain on the rewinder 2, the stopper cover 15 is removed from the rewinder, the remaining hoses are removed from the conical drum 14 and untwisted to the root end fastener 23 is attached fastener 23. With further movement, the station 20 is automatically removed from the work platform 6, which ensures the operation of the limit switch 9 and fixation of the station reset coordinates by the receiver-indicator of the navigation system 10. The receiving line 16 begins to be etched from the rewinder 3 and installed on the rewinder 2 the next receiving line 16. At the working site 6 the next bottom station 20 is located, to which the running end of the primary line connected to the roll 4 from the rewinder 2 is connected. Further, the process is repeated until all stations are set on the observation profile. At the end of the profile, a surface or self-floating buoy with a loose cargo and a halyard is set, similar to FIG. 3.

The described technology of setting the stations to the bottom, when the unwinding of the load-bearing element occurs due to the movement of the vessel and the dead weight of the stations, provides the arrangement of stations along the profile with an interval approximately equal to the distance between the attachment points 24 at sea depths up to 50 meters. At great depths, it is necessary to change the distance between the attachment points in accordance with the change in the depth of the sea along the profile using element 28.

To lift the stations, the untie load 17 and the halyard 19 are first lifted to one of the winders through the spike 1. After the untoward is lifted to the winder, for example, 2, the receiving line 16 is selected. When the station 20 approaches the spire 1, the fastener 23 is disconnected from the end of the next line , the spire is freed from the line with the station, the end of the next receiving line is started on it and sampling is performed on the rewinder 3. The operation is repeated until all stations of the profile are lifted.

The inventive device allows testing of combined seismoelectric profiles when seismic stations are placed on the observation profile with a step of, for example, 50-100 meters and electrical prospecting with a step of 500-1000 meters. For such a setting, the length of the sections of the load-bearing element is selected in such a way as to provide a step for setting up electrical prospecting stations with receiving lines, the length of which is selected so as not to violate the step for setting up seismic stations. The descent line during the descent, depending on the length, can be located on the deck or additional rewinder.

When working with self-floating seismic stations, one of the main difficulties is the exact setting of stations on the profile. The free discharge of stations at given points leads to a large spread of stations at the bottom due to the hydrology and hydrodynamic characteristics of the stations themselves. The proposed technical complex allows high-precision staging of stations at the bottom at great depths of the sea in accordance with the technology described above. The difference is that to the load-bearing element 16 through the attachment points 24 are connected not the stations, but their cargo. Since the load-bearing element, after working off the profile together with the loads, remains at the bottom, the requirements for its strength can be greatly reduced and it can itself be made of rapidly corroding or soluble material.

Claims (4)

1. A device for working with bottom geophysical stations, providing their descent and ascent, containing a lifting device, characterized in that it additionally contains two winders for placing sectioned load-bearing elements and a device for lowering stations, consisting of two rolls and a working platform, and as a lifting device contains a lifting device type "spire". 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working platform is equipped with an indicator, a navigation system and a limit switch. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a photorecorder is installed on the working platform. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a magnetic tag reader is installed on the working platform.

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