RU155438U1 - MODULE FOR PLANT GROWING ON HYDROPONICS - Google Patents

Abstract

A module for growing plants in hydroponics, made in the form of a layered vertically oriented structure, consisting of a front layer made of a forming material with planting holes for plants, a rear waterproof layer and an inert middle layer with a developed capillary surface, characterized in that it is vertically layered the oriented structure is made bilateral, with two front and two middle layers, and the middle layers are made of tubular jersey with heel pockets knitted with an angular displacement of 180 °.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of biotechnology and agriculture and can be used for growing plants under controlled hydroponic conditions.

A device is known consisting of a rigid vertically directed frame with a system of vertical inserts open in the upper part, made with the possibility of keeping the plant in a medium of nutrient solution and their vertical growth (patent US 4961284, A01G 9/02, 09.10.1990). The liner is tightly inserted inside the frame and forms the side and front walls. A substrate for growing plants is placed in the liner. At least one of the front walls has vertical openings for access to the liner and its piercing through the holes to ensure vertical growth of plants in the substrate.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of its use, namely: it is difficult to fill the liners with a substrate, as well as its replacement. In addition, excess moisture is created inside the liner, which contributes to the development of mold and decay of the root system of plants.

A device is also known, which is an inert substrate located in a vertical plane, one side of which is illuminated, the other is darkened. The irrigation system is made by periodically feeding from top to bottom on the darkened side of the substrate a nutrient aqueous solution. The inert substrate is mounted on the supporting structure, orienting the substrate vertically. In the most general case, the substrate is two parallel panels of a polymer film, between which there is a reinforcing mesh, for example, a chain-link mesh. The film, located on the side of the light source, must be opaque or reflective. The holes for planting are arranged coaxially in the films forming the substrate (patent RU 2025956, A01G 31/00, 01/09/1995).

The disadvantage of this device is excess moisture, which contributes to the development of mold and decay of the root system of plants.

A device for hydroponic growing plants is known, containing modules in the form of vertically oriented structures with plant openings, mounted in a row with the formation of a gable structure with the ability to move in the direction of the row length and supported from the upper ends by the holder. The mechanism for providing nutrient fluid and feeding it to the roots of plants is located on the inside of the modules. The device contains structural elements for connecting the sides of adjacent modules (patent JP 6097922, A01G 31/00, 07.12.94). However, the productivity of this hydroponic device is limited by the ability to use floor or other horizontal areas.

The closest is a module for growing plants on hydroponics, made in the form of a layered vertically oriented structure with holes and having a mechanism for providing nutrient fluid, the front layer of which is made of forming material with seats in the form of pockets with holes for seeds and / or plants, the back layer made in the form of a protective waterproof film, and the intermediate space between the front and rear layers is made in the form of an inert material with a developed capillary surface awn (patent RU 2178637, A01G 31/02, 01/27/2002).

The disadvantage of this design is the vulnerability of seeds from exposure to sunlight and the creation of stagnant zones of high humidity due to the snug fit of the wetted thin film to the rear plane of the front layer.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to improve the conditions for cultivated plants.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of using the module for growing plants on hydroponics by increasing the area and improving the conditions for their germination and maintenance.

The technical result is achieved in the module for growing plants on hydroponics, made in the form of a layered vertically oriented structure consisting of a front layer made of a forming material with seats with holes for plants, a rear waterproof layer and an inert middle layer with a developed capillary surface, while a layered vertically oriented structure is made bilateral, with two front and two middle layers, and the middle layers are made of tubular rikotazha with calcaneal pockets knit with an angular displacement equal to 180 °.

The vertically oriented structure of the module for growing plants on hydroponics is double-sided, that is, it consists of one rear waterproof layer, two front layers made of forming material with seats with holes for plants and two inert middle layers. The front layers of the forming material can be made of any sheet material (plastic, stainless steel, black rolled sheets coated with inert varnishes, enamels, plastics, foamed materials), inert woven (fiberglass) or non-woven materials can be used to make the back layer film (polyethylene, PVC, etc.). The middle layer is made of tubular knitwear with heel pockets, knitted with an angular offset of 180 °. Heel pockets are located in accordance with the holes on the forming material of the front layers. In them, through the holes in the seats, plant seeds are placed. The seeds placed in the heel pockets do not come into contact with the surfaces of the front and back layers, are in a moist (due to the capillary surface of the tubular knit), well-ventilated (due to the high porosity of the knit), the medium is closed from sunlight. Moreover, in the case of small temperature fluctuations, the knitwear protects the germinating seeds from low temperatures. In the process of seed germination and plant growth, the root system, growing, stretches the heel pockets of the tubular knitwear, pushes the front and back layers of the module, which ensures uniform access of the nutrient solution and air to the roots of the plants. In this case, the root systems of neighboring plants remain isolated from each other, as a result of which their mutual oppression does not occur, and the plant roots develop without damage.

As the plant grows in the heel pocket, the green part of the plant grows outward (on the surface of the front layer) through the hole in the seat, while the heel of the tubular jersey is the root holders for the sprouted plants, and the seat provides support for the green part of the plant.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a module for growing plants, FIG. 2 shows a module for growing plants (longitudinal section).

The module for growing plants on hydroponics is made in the form of a two-sided layered vertically oriented structure consisting of front layers 1 made of a forming material with seats 2 provided with holes 3 for seeds and plants, a rear waterproof layer 4 (for example, a plastic film) and inert middle layers 5 with a developed capillary surface, made of tubular knitwear with heel pockets 6, knitted with an angular displacement of 180 °.

Holes 3 provide access to the heel pockets 6 of the tubular knitwear during the planting of seeds, and also provide the ability for the plant to come out during its germination and development. Seats 2, orient the direction of plant growth and support it.

Tubular knitwear with heel pockets 6 are obtained on a stocking machine of class 14 by smooth surface weaving. Heel pockets are knit with an angular offset of 180 ° in the classical way with a reverse movement of the needle cylinder with a yarn tension of 12.4 N. Ready tubular knitwear with heel pockets 6 are put on the rear waterproof layer 4 and closed on both sides with front layers 1, with heel pockets 6 in accordance with holes 3 for seeds and plants.

The device operates as follows.

Through the holes 3 of the seats 2, the seeds are planted in the heel pockets 6. The nutrient solution is supplied with a nutrient fluid supply mechanism (not shown in the drawing). The nutrient solution flowing down the capillary surface of the tubular jersey moistens the seeds, they germinate between the front layer 1 and the back waterproof layer 4 in a thin middle layer 5 in a humid, well-ventilated (due to the high porosity of the knit) closed to sunlight. As the plant grows in the heel pocket 6, it grows out through the hole 3, while the heel pockets 6 of the tubular knit are root holders for sprouted plants.

As the root system develops, the volume of the heel pocket 6 of the tubular knit increases due to its extensibility, which ensures uniform access of the nutrient solution and air to the roots of the plants. The roots of plants develop without damage, as they grow apart, spreading layers 1 and 4 of the device. In this case, the root systems of neighboring plants remain isolated from each other, as a result of which their mutual inhibition does not occur.

The module can be made of various inert materials. The front layer is made of all kinds of sheet plastics (PVC, polystyrene, etc.), stainless steel, black rolled sheets coated with inert varnishes, enamels, plastics, foam materials (polystyrene foam). As a film, inert woven (fiberglass) or non-woven materials can be used, for example, covering materials of the type "Agril", "Spanbod". Protective film - of the most various types and materials (polyethylene, PVC, etc.). The device is easy to assemble, transport and easy to operate.

Thus, the implementation of a layered vertically oriented structure bilateral, with two front and two middle layers made of tubular knitwear with heel pockets, knitted with an angular offset of 180 ° provides an increase in the efficiency of using the module for growing plants on hydroponics by increasing the area and improving conditions their germination and maintenance.

Claims (1)

The module for growing plants on hydroponics, made in the form of a layered vertically oriented structure, consisting of a front layer made of a molding material with seats with holes for plants, a rear waterproof layer and an inert middle layer with a developed capillary surface, characterized in that it is layered vertically oriented structure is made bilateral, with two front and two middle layers, and the middle layers are made of tubular knitwear with heel ka pockets knitted with an angular displacement of 180 °.

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