RU150526U1 - SALT WATER TREATMENT PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Installation for desalination of salt water, containing a closed loop of the working substance, equipped with a compressor for moving and compressing the working substance, a heating chamber included in the closed loop of the working substance, the heating chamber for desalination of salt water with a salt water-working substance heat exchanger located inside, a throttle valve, installed on a closed circuit line of the working substance, a salt water supply system for desalination, equipped with a pump, a high concentration salt water drain system salts, an air supply and exhaust air system, and a fresh water collector; characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an air conditioner made in the form of a metal casing with an inlet pipe for incoming air and an outlet pipe for exhaust air, containing interconnected chambers: a chamber with a filter placed inside to clean from mechanical impurities of the incoming air, a humidification chamber with a rotary inside a shaft with vertically flat smooth discs fixed on it, made of well-wettable material, with the formation of narrow discs spruce channels and a tray with heated salt water placed inside the chamber, while the lower part of the discs is immersed in a heated water tray, a condensation chamber of fresh water vapor with a “working substance - fresh water vapor” heat exchanger inside, also included in a closed circuit of the working substance as well as a drip tray for collecting fresh water vapor condensate and a separator for trapping residual dropping liquid, and a chamber with

Description

Salt water desalination plant refers to water treatment and can be used for fresh water supply of residential, public and industrial buildings.

A salt water desalination plant is known, comprising a salt water evaporation chamber, a fresh water vapor condensation chamber, a closed loop of a working substance, equipped with a compressor for moving and compressing the working substance and containing a heat exchanger "working substance - salt, located in the volume of salt water heated for evaporation in the salt water evaporation chamber water ”heating salt water installed in the condensation chamber of fresh water vapor heat exchanger“ working substance - fresh water vapor ”condensation of fresh water vapor, while the path and exit of the closed loop line of the working substance is connected to the compressor for moving and compressing the working substance, and on the line of the working substance circuit between the heat exchanger "working substance - salt water" and the heat exchanger "working substance - fresh water vapor", a throttle valve is installed, a supply system for desalination equipped with a pump, a salt water removal system with a high concentration of salts, a system for supplying processed air and removing exhaust air, and a fresh water collector [RF Patent 2363662, IPC C02F 1/00 (first option) - prototype].

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of the installation due to the low mass transfer coefficient during drip air treatment in a scrubber.

The disadvantage of the installation is its large overall dimensions and occupied area, which is caused by the need to create a weighted contact surface of the liquid droplets with the treated air.

The disadvantage of the installation is the low operational reliability due to overgrowth of injectors with salt deposits, which requires additional time and economic costs for its maintenance.

The disadvantage of the installation is also the high energy consumption associated with the hydraulic resistance of the nozzles.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the installation.

The technical task is to increase the efficiency of the installation by increasing the mass transfer processes during the processing of air with salt water, while improving reliability and durability.

The solution to the technical problem

The technical problem is solved in that the installation for desalination of salt water, containing a closed circuit of the working substance, equipped with a compressor for moving and compressing the working substance, a heating chamber included in the closed circuit of the working substance, the heating of the salt coming to desalination with the salt water-working substance heat exchanger located inside , a throttle valve installed on the line of the working medium circuit, a salt water supply system for desalination, equipped with a pump, a salt water drain system with higher salt concentration, air supply and exhaust air system, and a fresh water collector; which is additionally equipped with an air conditioner made in the form of a metal casing with an inlet pipe for incoming air into the air conditioner and an exhaust pipe for exhaust air, containing interconnected chambers: a chamber with a filter placed inside to clean from mechanical impurities of the incoming air, an air humidification chamber with a rotary chamber inside a shaft with vertically flat smooth discs fixed on it, made of well-wettable material, with the formation of narrow discs slotted channels, and a pallet with heated salt water placed inside the chamber, while the lower part of the disks is immersed in a heated water pan, a condensation chamber of fresh water vapor with a "working substance - fresh water vapor" heat exchanger inside, also included in the closed loop of the working substances, as well as a tray for collecting condensate of fresh water vapor and a separator for trapping residual droplet liquid, and a chamber with a fan installed in it, designed to move air in the air conditioner and exhaust air into the atmosphere, while the outlet from the salt-water heating chamber of the closed loop of the working medium is piped through a three-way valve to the salt-water tank to discharge excess salt-water entering the heating chamber and at the same time, the closed-loop circuit of the salt-water heating chamber is released also, through a three-way valve, it is connected by a pipeline to the inlet of the pan of the humidification chamber located in the air conditioner, and the outlet of the pan of the chamber air fouling is connected by a pipeline to drain water with a high concentration of salts into the salt water tank, in addition, the pallet of the fresh water vapor condensation chamber is connected by a pipeline to the fresh water collecting tank, while freon is used as the working medium, and the rotor shaft in the air humidification chamber made with the possibility of rotation from the electric drive.

Utility Model Essence

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed installation, the air humidification chamber is made with a rotor shaft installed inside, with vertically mounted discs made of well-wettable material, forming narrow slotted channels between the discs, and a tray of heated salt water placed inside the chamber. In this case, the lower part of the discs is immersed in a tray with heated salt water, which, when the discs rotate in the form of a film, is washed out over the surface of the discs and evaporates to form fresh water vapor. During the passage of air through the slotted channels between the disks, heat and mass transfer to the air entering the chamber occurs, while simultaneously heating and moisturizing it. Thus, the use of a rotary humidifier with a set of disks in the installation allows, by increasing the surface area from which water is evaporated, to increase heat and mass transfer processes when humidifying the air with fresh water vapors, namely, increasing the productivity of desalinated water output and, therefore, increasing the efficiency of the installation itself with the relatively small overall dimensions of the humidification chamber.

Using a three-way valve allows you to adjust the flow of heated salt water supplied to the pan of the humidification chamber, as well as maintain its required level in the pan, providing a predetermined mode of heating and humidification of the air in the humidification chamber, and, consequently, the performance of the installation for the output of desalinated water. At the same time, a three-way valve ensures that excess salt water is removed from the “salt water - working substance” heat exchanger of the heating chamber in the circuit of the working substance, while reducing the power consumption of the compressor required to heat salt water in the heating chamber of the “salt water - working substance” heat exchanger and, therefore, increasing the reliability and overall performance of the installation.

Using a chamber with a filter in it designed to clean the air entering the air conditioner from mechanical impurities and dust prevents them from sticking to the disks in the humidification chamber and reducing the volume of air passing through the slotted channels between the disks, which also provides an increase in the desalinated water output, as well as the efficiency and reliability of the installation.

Using a separator in the condensation chamber of fresh water vapor prevents dropping liquid into the fan, which provides intensive air movement in the air conditioner, thereby increasing the efficiency, reliability and durability of the installation.

Thus, the proposed installation, in comparison with the installation of the prototype, provides increased efficiency, as well as the reliability and durability of its work, which is the new technical result of the claimed utility model.

Installation for desalination of salt water is illustrated by graphic material:

- figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the installation.

Installation for desalination of salt water contains a tank 1 with salt water, a closed circuit of the working substance 2, air conditioning 3, a circulation pump 4, a three-way valve 5 and a tank with desalinated water 6, interconnected by pipelines.

The closed circuit of the working substance, which is used, for example, freon, contains a compressor 7 for moving and compressing the working substance in a closed circuit of the working substance, a heating chamber 8 for desalination of salt water, with a salt water-working substance heat exchanger 9 inside. , a condensation chamber of fresh water vapor 10 with an internally placed heat exchanger 11 "working substance is fresh water vapor" and a throttle valve 12.

The output of the working substance from the compressor 7 by a pipe 13 is connected to the entrance to the chamber 8 for heating salt water with a heat exchanger 9 "salt water - working substance", and the output of the working substance from the chamber for heating salt water by 8 pipelines 14 and 15 is connected through the throttle valve 12 to the inlet of the working substances into the heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapor" of the condensation chamber of fresh water vapor 10. The output of the working substance from the heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapor" by a pipe 16 is connected to the inlet to the compressor 7.

The air conditioner 3 is made in the form of a metal casing with an inlet pipe 17 for incoming air into the air conditioner and an outlet 18 for exhaust air pipes containing interconnected chambers: a chamber 19 with a filter 20 located inside to clean from mechanical impurities and dust of the incoming air, an air humidification chamber 21 with mounted inside the rotor shaft with vertically flat smooth discs 22 fixed thereon, made of a well-wettable material, for example, aluminum, with the formation of narrow discs slotted channels, and a pallet 23 with heated salt water placed inside the chamber, a chamber 10 with a heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapors", also included in a closed circuit of the working substance, and a tray 24 located inside the chamber 10 for collecting condensate of fresh water vapor and a separator 25 for absorbing residual droplet liquid, and a chamber 26 with a fan 27 installed therein, designed to move air in the air conditioner 3 and remove exhaust air into the atmosphere.

The tank 1 with salt water is connected by a pipe 28 through a circulation pump 4 to the inlet of the salt water heating chamber 8 with a salt water heat exchanger 9, and by pipelines 29 and 30 through a three-way valve 5, the outlet from the salt water heating chamber 8 is connected to the inlet the opening of the pallet 23 of the chamber 21 humidification of air in the air conditioner 3, and the outlet of the pallet 23 of the chamber 21 humidification of air is connected by a pipe 31 to the tank 1 with salt water for the discharge of waste water with a high concentration of salts. In addition, the outlet of the salt water heating chamber 8 is also connected through a three-way valve 5 via a pipe 32 to the reservoir 1 with the source salt water in order to discharge its excess from the salt water heating chamber 8. The pallet 24 of the chamber 10 for condensation of fresh water vapor by a pipe 33 is connected to the reservoir 6 for collecting desalinated water.

The rotor shaft in the humidification chamber 21 of the air is made to rotate from an electric drive (not shown in the drawing).

Installation works as follows.

The source of salt water from the tank 1 through a pipe 28 by a circulation pump 4 is supplied to the heating chamber 8 of salt water. Compressed under high pressure, the working substance, for example, Freon, from the compressor 7 through a pipe 13 enters the heat exchanger 9 "salt water - working substance", where the working substance is cooled with the release of heat, which provides heating of salt water in the chamber 8, which through pipelines 29 and 30 through a three-way valve 5 is supplied to the pallet 23 of the humidification chamber 21. In addition, excess salt water from the heating chamber 8 by pipelines 29 and 32 are also discharged through the three-way valve 5 into the tank 1 with salt water.

The air through the inlet pipe 17 enters the chamber 19, passes through the filter 20, and cleaned of impurities enters the humidification chamber 21 for processing in the rotary plate humidifier 22. In this case, the disks of the rotary plate humidifier 22 are immersed in their lower part in a pallet 23 with heated salt water , which, when the disks rotate, in the form of a film is washed out over the entire surface of the disks. With the passage of air through the slotted channels between the rotating disks, heat and mass transfer to the air entering the chamber 21 takes place. Heated and moistened with water vapor air enters the vapor condensation chamber 10 with a heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapor". And the spent salt water with a high concentration of salts through the pipe 31 from the pallet 23 of the humidification chamber enters the tank 1 with salt water. The working substance from the heating chamber 8 through pipelines 14 and 15 through the throttle valve 12 enters the heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapor" chamber 10 condensation of fresh water vapor. Upon contact of heated and humidified air with the cold surface of the heat exchanger 11 "working substance - fresh water vapor", condensate of fresh water vapor is formed, which is collected in the pan 24 and enters the tank 6 with fresh water through a pipe 33. And the working substance from the heat exchanger 11 through the pipeline 16 enters the compressor 7, the process of passing the working substance is repeated.

The air to be processed in the air conditioner is carried out by a fan 27 located in the chamber 26, and the separator 25 in the chamber 10 prevents the entrainment of droplet liquid (condensate) to the fan 27, and the condensate flows into the drip tray 24 with desalinated water.

The proposed installation for desalination of salt water, in comparison with the installation of the prototype, by increasing the mass transfer processes between air and salt water, provides increased productivity for the output of desalinated water, reducing the energy consumption of the compressor by removing excess water from the salt water heating chamber using a three-way valve , and the small size of the installation allows to reduce the occupied production space.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for desalination of salt water, containing a closed loop of the working substance, equipped with a compressor for moving and compressing the working substance, a heating chamber included in the closed loop of the working substance, the heating chamber for desalination of salt water with a salt water-working substance heat exchanger located inside, a throttle valve, installed on a closed circuit line of the working substance, a salt water supply system for desalination, equipped with a pump, a high concentration salt water drain system salts, an air supply and exhaust air system, and a fresh water collector; characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an air conditioner made in the form of a metal casing with an inlet pipe for incoming air and an outlet pipe for exhaust air, containing interconnected chambers: a chamber with a filter placed inside to clean from mechanical impurities of the incoming air, a humidification chamber with a rotary inside a shaft with vertically flat smooth discs fixed on it, made of well-wettable material, with the formation of narrow discs spruce channels and a pallet with heated salt water placed inside the chamber, while the lower part of the disks is immersed in a heated water pan, a condensation chamber of fresh water vapor with a “working substance - fresh water vapor” heat exchanger inside, also included in a closed circuit of the working substance as well as a tray for collecting fresh water vapor condensate and a separator for trapping residual droplet liquid, and a chamber with a fan installed in it, designed to move air in the air conditioner and exhaust air into the atmosphere, while the outlet from the salt-water heating chamber of the closed loop of the working substance is connected via pipelines through a three-way valve to the salt-water tank to discharge excess salt water entering the heating chamber, and at the same time, the closed-loop working salt-water chamber is heated substances also through a three-way valve connected by a pipeline to the inlet of the pallet of the chamber humidification, located in the air conditioner, and the outlet of the pan of the chamber vlazhneniya air conduit is connected to drain water to the high concentration of salts in the salt water tank, in addition, fresh water condensing chamber sump is line-connected with the reservoir for collecting fresh water. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that freon is used as the working substance. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor shaft in the humidification chamber is made to rotate from the electric drive.

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