RU149421U1 - OFFLINE ENERGY SOURCE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An autonomous energy source containing a furnace with a housing, a heater and an exhaust pipe, a heat supply system and a power unit on steam energy, containing a steam generator, a steam turbine and an electric generator, characterized in that the steam generator is made as part of the furnace. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace is made in the form of a cylindrical body, and the heater is made in the form of two parallel collectors installed inside the body in its lower part, to which are connected toroidal heat pipes, partially located outside the body ovens. 3. An autonomous energy source according to claim 2, characterized in that the collectors are interconnected. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a solid fuel furnace. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a furnace operating on liquid fuel. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a furnace operating on gaseous fuel. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a turbocharging system is connected to the furnace. An autonomous power source according to claim 7, characterized in that the turbocharging system comprises external casings installed on the furnace body, inlet and outlet pipes and a turbocompressor containing a gas turbine and a compressor connected to it by a shaft, while the gas turbine is installed in the furnace exhaust pipe, and the compressor is outside it, and a second electric generator is connected to the shaft. 9. An autonomous energy source according to claim 7, characterized in that the turbocharging system contains air distribution

Description

The utility model relates to energy and is intended to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Known autonomous energy source according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2499154, IPC F02G 5/04, publ. 05/27/2012, the Invention can be used in mechanical engineering, in particular in power plants generating electric and thermal energy. The power plant includes an internal combustion engine using biofuel, and an electric generator. Under the generator is a fuel tank with biofuel. On top of the power plant on a U-shaped rack are a biofuel feed pump from a fuel tank, a thermochemical reactor for producing synthesis gas from biofuel heated by engine exhaust, and a tubular heat exchanger for synthesis gas cooling with water from a consumer's hot water system. On the side of the power plant along it is a tubular heat exchanger for the exhaust gas heating of a hot water system water engine. On the other side of the power plant there is a tubular heat exchanger for heating the water of the hot water supply system with the liquid of the engine cooling system. The technical result is a more complete utilization of the generated energy while ensuring the compactness of the power plant.

The downside is the complexity of the system.

Known autonomous energy source according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2505682, IPC F02G 5/04, publ. August 6, 2012. The power plant contains a combined cycle gas turbine, a compressor, and a fuel combustion chamber. The installation includes a means of utilization of heat of exhaust gases, made with the possibility of its use as a source of steam. For this, the installation is equipped with a heat pump, the circuit of which includes an evaporator, a throttle valve, a condenser and an additional compressor, made with the possibility of driving from a combined-cycle turbine. In addition, the installation is equipped with a steam turbine, made with the possibility of working on one shaft with a combined-cycle turbine. On the exhaust line between the outlet of the steam-gas turbine and the heat transfer circuit of the condenser there is a heat transfer circuit of the heat exchanger, while the gas output of the condenser is in communication with the atmosphere, and its condensate output is connected to the steam trap, which is in communication with the heat exchanger and the evaporator through a line connected to the combustion chamber and the input of the steam turbine, while the output of the steam turbine is in communication with the second condenser, the condensate output of which is through the second the feed pump is connected to a steam trap.

Lack of design complexity.

Known autonomous energy source according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2499903, IPC F05G 5/04 publ. 05/27/2012 g, prototype.

This invention can be used in mechanical engineering, in particular in power plants that generate electrical and thermal energy. The power plant includes an internal combustion engine using biofuel, and an electric generator. A biofuel fuel tank is located under the generator, and a control panel is installed on the side of the generator, on which a biofuel feed pump from the fuel tank is fixed. At the top of the power plant there is a thermochemical reactor for producing synthesis gas from biofuel and a synthesis gas cooling heat exchanger with water from the consumer’s hot water supply system. The reactor contains a cylindrical body located across the power plant in a heater made in the form of a drum. The entrance to it is connected to the exhaust manifold from the engine, and the outlet is connected to the catalytic converter of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases through a bent pipe through a synthesis gas mixing mixer and through a heat exchanger for exhaust gas heating of the hot water supply system installed along the power plant. On the other side of the power plant there is a heat exchanger for heating the water of the hot water supply system with the liquid of the engine cooling system, located under the bench. A rechargeable battery is installed on the bench.

The disadvantage is relatively low efficiency due to incomplete utilization of heat of exhaust gases.

The tasks of creating a utility model increase its efficiency and ensure operation on any fuel.

The technical result is the generation of heat and electricity.

The solution of these problems was achieved in an autonomous energy source containing a furnace with a body, an air heater and an exhaust pipe, a heat supply system and an energy center for water-steam energy, containing a steam generator, a steam turbine and an electric generator, in that the steam generator was made as a part of the furnace. The furnace can be made in the form of a casing, and the air heater is made in the form of internal collectors, to which heat pipes of a toroidal shape are connected, partially placed outside the furnace casing. Internal collectors can be interconnected.

A solid fuel furnace may be used. A liquid fuel furnace may be used. A gaseous fuel furnace may be used; a hot gas turbocharging system is connected to the furnace. The turbocharging system may include an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a gas turbine rotor and connected by a shaft to the compressor impeller, while a gas duct connecting the furnace cavity to the gas turbine is connected to the exhaust pipe of the furnace.

The turbocharging system may include an air distributor attached to the outlet pipe. The turbocharging system may include a compressed air storage system attached to a driving branch pipe.

Inside the furnace body in its upper part a steam generator can be installed, which is made in the form of an internal heat exchanger-evaporator, to which the exhaust steam and the condensate drain pipelines are connected. The steam outlet pipe can be connected to the inlet to the steam turbine, and the condensate return pipe can be connected to its output. The steam generator may include a safety valve. A steam flow regulator can be installed in the upper manifold.

A self-contained energy source may include a combustible gas production system comprising a gas generator with a schungite catalyst to which a steam extraction line is connected to the lower part of the housing. On the furnace body there may be a nozzle to which the outlet of the catalyst is connected. An autonomous energy source may include a combustible gas collection system, for example in the form of gas cylinders.

A steam turbine may be a single-stage turbine. The steam turbine can be multi-stage. The steam turbine can be made axial. The steam turbine can be made centrifugal. The steam turbine can be made centripetal.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawings (Fig. 1 ... 26), where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an autonomous energy source,

- in FIG. 2 shows the second version of the scheme of an autonomous energy source

- in FIG. 3 is a furnace

- in FIG. 4 shows a section aa,

- in FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a furnace with a heat exchanger-gasifier,

- in FIG. 6 shows a section bb,

- in FIG. 7 shows the design of the heat exchanger-evaporator,

- in FIG. 8 shows an axial single-stage steam turbine,

- in FIG. 9 shows an axial multistage steam turbine,

- in FIG. 10 shows a single-stage centrifugal steam turbine,

- in FIG. 11 shows a multi-stage centrifugal steam turbine,

- in FIG. 12 shows a centripetal turbine,

- in FIG. 13 shows a rotational turbine,

- in FIG. 14 shows a section CC

- in FIG. 15 shows an oven with an air heater,

- in FIG. 16 shows a section D-D,

- in FIG. 17 shows a first embodiment of a furnace with a water heater,

- in FIG. 18 shows a second embodiment of a stove with an air heater,

- in FIG. 19 shows a section D-D, the first option,

- in FIG. 20 shows a section D-D, the second option,

- in FIG. 21 shows a diagram of an energy source with a turbocharger,

- in FIG. 22 shows a turbocharger,

- in FIG. 23 shows a turbocharger with bypass,

- in FIG. 24 shows a scheme with the selection of steam and its conversion into fuel gas

- in FIG. 25 shows a diagram with the accumulation of combustible gas,

- in FIG. 26 shows a diagram of the accumulation of compressed air.

An autonomous energy source (Fig. 1 ... 26) contains a stove 1, a heat supply system 2, an energy unit powered by water vapor 3, which contains a steam generator 4, a steam turbine 5 and an electric generator 6.

In addition, an autonomous energy source may contain (Fig. 2) a system of turbocharging with hot gases 7, an energy unit using compressed air energy 8, which in turn contains an air compressor 9, a rotary engine 10, and an electric generator 11.

The furnace 1 (in the first embodiment) contains (Figs. 3 and 4)) a housing 12 mounted on the end 13 of the door 14, a blow hole 15, an exhaust pipe 16, supports 17 and heat pipes 18 communicating internal collectors 19 mounted inside the housing 12 in the cavity 20 with the external environment. Position 21 shows the flame.

The furnace 1 can be performed in any embodiment:

- any design, including reactive,

- working on solid fuel, liquid fuel or gaseous fuel. In addition, used fuel, firewood, biofuel, etc. can be used as fuel.

A heat exchanger-evaporator 22 can be installed inside the furnace 1 in its cavity 20. In this embodiment (Fig. 5 ... 7), the heat exchanger-evaporator 22 has a steam outlet manifold 23 and a condensate inlet manifold 24. A pressure relief valve 25 is installed on the steam outlet manifold 23 and a flow regulator 26. A steam line 27 is connected to the collector 23, and a pipe 28 for condensate return is connected to the collector 24. Steam is supplied to the steam turbine 29 (FIGS. 8 and 9)

The power plant, which is part of an autonomous energy source, comprises a turbine 29, having an inlet pipe body 30, a housing 31, an inlet fairing 32, nozzle blades 33 and impellers 34 with impellers 35 of the impellers 34 mounted on a shaft 36, which is connected to the shaft of the electric generator 37 38 (Fig. 8). The turbine 29 has an outlet pipe 39. It is possible to use a multi-stage axial turbine (Fig. 9). Perhaps the use of a single-stage centrifugal turbine (Fig. 10) or a multistage axial turbine (Fig. 11). It is possible to use a centripetal turbine (Fig. 12) or a rotational turbine (Figs. 13 and 14).

It is possible to use hot air for space heating, which is obtained in the air heater 40 combined with the furnace 1. FIG. 15 and 16 show a possible construction of an air heater 40. The air heater 40 comprises at least one casing 41 made on the housing 12 of the furnace 1, inside which a heating cavity 42 is formed. Heat pipes 18 are installed inside the cavity 42, more precisely, their external parts. The inlet and outlet nozzles 43 and 44 are connected to the casing 41, designed to supply atmospheric air to the cavity 42 and to output the heated air to the consumer.

Possible designs of the air heater 40 are shown in FIG. 17 ... 20.

The casing 41 can be made cylindrical in shape and placed concentrically to the heat pipes 18. On the housing 12 of the furnace 1, ribs 45 can be made, while the ribs 45 can be made between the heat pipes 18 (Fig. 19) or against them (Fig. 20). The presence of fins 45 not only intensifies the heat sink from the housing 12 of the furnace 1, but also increases the speed of the air flow near the heat pipes 18.

You can use the turbocharging system 7 (Fig. 2), which contains (Fig. 21) a turbocharger 46, which in turn contains an inlet pipe 47, a housing 48, an output pipe 49, a rotor of a gas turbine 50 connected by a shaft 51 to the impeller 52 compressor 53. Compressor 53 includes an inlet pipe 54 and an outlet pipe 55.

The shaft 51 through the gear 56 is connected to the shaft 57 of the second generator 58.

The construction of turbocharger 46 is shown in more detail in FIG. 22 and 23.

A gas duct 59 is connected to the exhaust pipe 16 of the furnace 1 (Fig. 21), connecting the cavity of the furnace 1 to the gas turbine 50. The outlet pipe 49 of the gas turbine 50 is released into the atmosphere. An air duct 60 is connected to the outlet pipe 55 of the compressor 53, which is connected to the inlet pipe 43, and an air duct 61 with the air distribution pipes 62 is connected to the output pipe 44.

You can use the selection of water vapor after the heat exchanger-evaporator 22 for gasification in order to obtain combustible gas in the system for generating combustible gas (Fig. 24). In this case, the combustible gas generation system comprises a gas generator 63 having a housing 64 with a cavity 65, an inlet pipe 66 made at the bottom of the housing 64, an outlet pipe 67 and perforated trays 68 on which the schungite catalyst 69 is placed. A pipeline is connected to the inlet pipe 66 70, containing a flow regulator 71, and to the discharge pipe 67 - the discharge pipe 72 the other end of which is connected to the fuel nozzle 73 mounted on the housing 12 of the furnace 1. This will allow the use of gas for the operation of the furnace 1. In addition, from excess gas can accumulate in gas storage devices, for example gas cylinders 74 (Fig. 25). To this end, a pipe 75 is connected to the discharge pipe 72, which is connected to gas cylinders 74 through a compressor 76 having a drive 77. This allows the accumulation of combustible gas.

It is also possible the accumulation of compressed air in air cylinders 78 (Fig. 26). For this, air cylinders 78 are connected to the outlet pipe 55 of the compressor 53 by a pipe 79. Compressed air can be used to start the furnace 1 or other technical needs.

ENERGY SOURCE OPERATION

When the energy source (Fig. 4) ignites the fuel inside the housing 12 of the furnace 1. Heat heats the water in the internal collectors 19 and evaporates it. Steam through the heat pipes 18 rises and, when it is cooled, condenses and returns.

In the presence of the heat exchanger of the evaporator 22 (Fig. 6 and 7), the steam generated in it through the steam exhaust manifold 23, the flow regulator 26, the steam line 27 is supplied to the steam turbine 29 and is driven. In this case (Fig. 11), the shaft 36 and the shaft 37 of the electric generator 38 are untwisted.

In the presence of a turbocharger 46 (Fig. 21), a gas turbine 50 is driven, which drives the shaft 51 and the shaft 57 of the second generator 88. The hot air from the air heater 40 through the duct 61 and the air distribution pipes 62 is supplied to the heated room, thereby increasing the efficiency autonomous energy source.

In the presence of a gas generator 63 (FIG. 24), part of the water vapor is supplied from the bottom to the gas generator 63 through perforated trays 68 to the shungite catalyst 69 from the bottom of the gas generator 63 and decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen. The resulting gas through the discharge pipe 72 enters the furnace 1 or to other consumers or for accumulation.

A portion of the combustible gas may be accumulated in gas cylinders 74 (FIG. 25).

When using the air storage circuit (Fig. 26), compressed air accumulates in air cylinders 78. Then this compressed air can be used to drive a turbocharger 46 (not shown in Fig. 1 ... 26).

Application of the utility model allowed:

- increase the efficiency of the installation to almost 100% due to the full use of heat ,,

- simultaneously receive electricity and heat through the use of electric generators and two systems: steam and air,

- use furnaces of any type, including reactive ones and using any kind of fuel, including used oil and biofuel.

- distribute heat in a large area through the use of turbocharging,

- use simple turbines, for example, single-stage and rotary.

- use ready-made commercially available units, for example, turbochargers,

- receive additional combustible gas and accumulate it,

- receive additional compressed air and accumulate it,

- use compressed air to start the furnace.

Claims (23)

1. An autonomous energy source comprising a furnace with a housing, a heater and an exhaust pipe, a heat supply system and an energy unit using water vapor energy, comprising a steam generator, a steam turbine and an electric generator, characterized in that the steam generator is made up of a furnace. 2. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace is made in the form of a cylindrical body, and the heater is made in the form of two parallel collectors installed inside the body in its lower part, to which heat pipes of a toroidal shape, partially placed outside the furnace body. 3. An autonomous energy source according to claim 2, characterized in that the collectors are interconnected. 4. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a solid fuel furnace. 5. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a liquid fuel furnace. 6. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it uses a furnace operating on gaseous fuel. 7. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a turbocharging system is connected to the furnace. 8. An autonomous energy source according to claim 7, characterized in that the turbocharging system comprises external housings mounted on the furnace body, inlet and outlet pipes and a turbocharger containing a gas turbine and a compressor connected to it by a shaft, while the gas turbine is installed in the exhaust pipe furnace, and the compressor is outside it, and a second electric generator is connected to the shaft. 9. An autonomous energy source according to claim 7, characterized in that the turbocharging system comprises an air distributor connected to the outlet pipe. 10. The autonomous energy source according to claim 7, characterized in that the hot gas turbocharging system comprises a compressed air storage system connected to the inlet pipe. 11. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a steam generator is installed inside the furnace body in its upper part, which is made in the form of an internal heat exchanger-evaporator, to which the exhaust steam and the condensate drain pipelines are connected. 12. An autonomous energy source according to claim 11, characterized in that the steam outlet pipe is connected to the entrance to the steam turbine, and the condensate return pipe is connected to its output. 13. An autonomous energy source according to claim 11, characterized in that the steam generator comprises a safety valve. 14. An autonomous energy source according to claim 11, characterized in that a steam flow regulator is installed in the upper collector. 15. An autonomous energy source according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises a combustible gas production system comprising a gas generator with a schungite catalyst, to the bottom of which a steam extraction pipe is connected. 16. An autonomous energy source according to claim 15, characterized in that a nozzle is installed on the furnace body to which the outlet from the catalyst is connected. 17. An autonomous energy source according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises a system for collecting combustible gas, for example, in the form of gas cylinders. 18. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steam turbine is single-stage. 19. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steam turbine is multi-stage. 20. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steam turbine is made axial. 21. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steam turbine is made centrifugal. 22. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steam turbine is made centripetal. 23. An autonomous energy source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a jet furnace is used.

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