RU144985U1 - DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURE OF POROUS CASTINGS OF VACUUM IMPREGNATION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation, comprising a housing, an extension with a gate funnel, a bottom insert, a backfill of expanded polystyrene granules with a reinforcing shell, a vacuum pan with a hole, a fitting for connecting to a vacuum system, a gasket with a hole, a load with a centering hole and a shoulder pressing the gasket to the vacuum pan, while the housing is mounted on the vacuum pan through the gasket with the possibility of removal from it, and the liner bottom nen with grooves-vents, characterized in that the upper part of the vacuum pan is made in the form of a removable cover with a hole and a groove in the form of a flange mounted through the gasket on the end of the vacuum pan, while the hole in the removable cover is paired with holes in the gasket, cargo and bottom vent grooves.

Description

The utility model relates to foundry and metallurgical production, in particular, to the manufacture of porous cast billets (castings and ingots) from various metals and alloys used for the manufacture of parts in mechanical engineering and other industries.

A device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation, comprising a housing, a liner-bottom and a pore-forming filler, in which the housing is mounted on a stand and equipped with a removable cover with a hole for the extension with a gate funnel, and the liner-bottom is equipped with a fitting, the opening of which is for connecting to a vacuum - the system is blocked by an insert with grooves-vents, while the pore-forming filler located in the housing is made in the form of filling granules of expanded polystyrene clad with a reinforcing shell, moreover, hney housing portion has an opening for the exit gases from the thermal degradation polystyrene (utility model patent №128136 RF, IPC B22D 25/00; published 20.05.2013;. Bul №14.).

The disadvantages of this device are the presence of the stand, the absence of a vacuum pan, which makes it difficult to connect the device to the vacuum system.

Closest to the proposed technical essence is a device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation, comprising a housing, an extension with a gate funnel, a liner bottom and a backfill of polystyrene foam granules with a reinforcing shell, equipped with a vacuum pan with a hole and a fitting for connecting to a vacuum system, a sealing a gasket with a hole, a weight with a centering hole and a collar that presses the gasket to the vacuum pan, while the housing is mounted on a vacuum pan Through a sealing gasket with the possibility of removal from it, the liner-bottom is made with grooves-vents, and the holes in the load, in the pallet and in the gasket are aligned coaxially with the grooves-vents of the bottom-liner (Utility Model Patent No. 136375 RF, IPC B22D 25 / 00; publ. 01/10/2014; Bull. No. 1 - prototype).

The main disadvantage of this device is the non-separable (non-technological) design of the vacuum pan, which can lead to premature failure of the device, since in the case of metal leaving the pan during impregnation it is impossible to remove (remove) the welded scrapbook from the cavity of a non-separable (solid) pan; in this condition, the pallet and the device cannot be continued to operate, because there will be no discharge in the housing, which will necessitate the manufacture of a new pallet and the corresponding additional material costs.

The technical result of the device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation is the creation of a new device in which the vacuum pan has a technologically advanced collapsible design and is equipped with a removable cover with a hole in the upper part, which will ensure reliable, trouble-free operation during operation, and increase the service life.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation, comprising a housing, an extension with a gate funnel, a bottom insert and backfill of polystyrene foam granules with a reinforcing shell, equipped with a vacuum pan with an opening and a fitting for connecting to a vacuum system, a sealing gasket with a hole, a load with a centering hole and a collar pressing the gasket to the vacuum pan, while the housing is mounted on the vacuum pan through the sealing lip rocking with the possibility of removal from it, the liner-bottom is made with grooves-vents, the upper part of the vacuum tray is made in the form of a removable cover with a hole and a groove in the form of a flange mounted through the gasket on the end of the vacuum tray, and the hole in the cover is interfaced with holes in the load and in the gasket and with the grooves-vents of the liner-bottom.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a device for the manufacture of porous castings assembled (in a section), the casing of which with an extension with a gate funnel, a bottom insert and backfill of polystyrene foam granules with a reinforcing shell is installed through a gasket with a hole on a removable cover with a hole and a groove in the form of a vacuum pan flange , with a load with a centering hole, and in FIG. 2 is a transverse section (tear - section I-I) of the liner-bottom with the grooves-vents of the same device.

A device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1 mounted through a sealing gasket 2 on a removable cover 3 with a hole and a groove in the form of a flange mounted on the open end of the upper part of the pallet 4 through the gasket 5. On the cover 3 of the pallet 4 through the gasket 2 there is installed a load 6 (gasket) 6 with a centering hole. On top of the housing 1 has a removable extension 7 with a gate funnel, and on the bottom there is an insert bottom 8 with grooves-vents 9. In the cavity of the housing 1 there is a backfill of 10 polystyrene granules with a reinforcing shell. A hose 11 is put on the fitting of the vacuum tray 4 to connect to the vacuum system. The hole in the lid 3 is associated with a hole in the gasket 2, the cargo bis grooves-venti 9 liner-bottom 8.

Before starting the device into operation, it is assembled. First, a vacuum pan 4 is assembled, for which a gasket 5 is placed on the open end in the upper part of the pan, and then a cover 3 with a hole and a groove in the form of a flange is placed on the gasket, which fits tightly on the gasket 5. Then, a sealing gasket is placed on the cover 3 2 with a hole and press down with a load 6 with a centering hole and a shoulder. Through the gasket 2 on the lid 3 of the pallet 4, put the housing 1 with the liner-bottom 8 with grooves-vents 9 and place in it a filling 10 of polystyrene granules with a reinforcing shell. On top of the housing 1 put the extension 7 with a gate funnel, put the hose 11 on the fitting of the pallet 4 and connect the device to the vacuum system. During assembly, the hole in the cover 3 mates with the holes in the load 6 and gasket 2 and with the grooves-vents 9 of the bottom insert 8. The assembled device is ready for use.

The operation of the device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation is as follows. After turning on the vacuum system, the melt is filled. The melt under the influence of the difference in atmospheric pressure and vacuum in the housing enters through the gate funnel into the housing 1 and fills the gaps between the granules of expanded polystyrene with a reinforcing shell in the filling 10.

After filling the housing 1 with the melt as the filling 10 is heated to higher temperatures, thermal decomposition (softening, melting, gasification) of the expanded polystyrene located in the reinforcing shells occurs. The gaseous thermal degradation products formed in this process are removed through pores and microcracks in the wall of the shell, which become empty, and the porous structure of the casting is formed.

After the melt has solidified, the extension 7 with the gate funnel is removed from the housing 1, and then the housing 1 from the vacuum tray and the porous casting is removed (knocked out) from it.

There is no fundamental difference between the processes of vacuum impregnation of the backfill of a pore-forming filler in the manufacture of porous castings in a device with a vacuum pan of a collapsible design and in a device with a vacuum pan of a non-separable structure. The only difference is that the device with the vacuum pan of the collapsible design is more technologically advanced and will be in operation longer, it will give a greater number of fillings than the device with the vacuum pan of the non-separable design, since in the case of melt leaving the pan, the first device after cleaning the pan from scrapbooking will continue to work, and in the second device, the brewed pallet must be replaced with a new one so that it continues to work.

Thus, the proposed device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation with a vacuum tray of collapsible design (with a removable cover) is technological, reliable in operation, has an extended service life.

Claims (1)

A device for the manufacture of porous castings by vacuum impregnation, comprising a housing, an extension with a gate funnel, a bottom insert, a backfill of expanded polystyrene granules with a reinforcing shell, a vacuum pan with a hole, a fitting for connecting to a vacuum system, a gasket with a hole, a load with a centering hole and a shoulder pressing the sealing gasket to the vacuum pan, while the housing is mounted on the vacuum pan through the sealing gasket with the possibility of removal from it, and the liner-bottom is made a fan with grooves-vents, characterized in that the upper part of the vacuum pan is made in the form of a removable cover with a hole and a groove in the form of a flange mounted through the gasket on the end of the vacuum pan, while the hole in the removable cover is paired with holes in the gasket, cargo and bottom vent grooves.