RU14381U1 - HEAT-INSULATING BLOCK FOR EXTERNAL WALL INSTALLATION (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A heat-insulating block for masonry of external walls, including an outer layer made of fine-grained concrete, and an inner layer made of polystyrene foam slab, characterized in that the layers are connected due to the penetration of the liquid concrete mixture into the pores of the expanded polystyrene. 2. A heat-insulating block for laying external walls (option), including the outer and inner layers made of fine-grained concrete, and the middle layer made of polystyrene foam slab, characterized in that the layers are connected due to the penetration of liquid concrete mixture into the pores of polystyrene foam.

Description

Thermal insulation block for masonry exterior walls (options)

The utility model relates to the field of construction and building materials and can be used for the construction of new buildings and structures with an increased coefficient of thermal conductivity or for the insulation of dry objects.

Over the past 20 years, in the countries of Western Europe, fuel consumption for the erection of buildings has been reduced by 40-50%. Heat losses through the building envelope make up 80% of the total heat loss in our country, while in developed countries due to the use of highly efficient heat-insulating materials this indicator in the structure of total heat loss is 2 times less.

The existing problem of thermal rehabilitation of the housing stock is solved by creating effective structural and heat-insulating materials with improved mechanical and thermotechnical characteristics.

Known elementary modular wall construction made of foam material and concrete (application PCX / US 93/07445, Official Gazette of the State Pather Committee of the Republic of Belarus 3 (6) 1, 95, p. 96) and a laminated wall panel with enhanced thermal insulation properties for manor houses (Application for a patent of the Republic of Belarus .Ka950061A dated 09.02.95, Official Gazette of the State Patent Committee of the Republic of Belarus 1 (12) 97, p. 65). Edged panels are large-block building constructions and are not applicable for the insulation of existing buildings.

Closest to the claimed one is a heat-insulating composite block (patent of the Republic of Belarus for invention No. 1188), which includes laying and facing elements made of assembled components connected with the displacement of the middle part and the formation of grooves and inverse grooves for the interconnection of the blocks horizontal and vertical moreover, the heat-insulating element is made in the form of a liner with cutouts on the lower surface for the passage of connecting rods. This unit is difficult to manufacture.

The problem solved by the claimed utility model is to reduce the cost of construction, simplify manufacturing, reduce metal consumption in the manufacture of heat insulating building block.

MKIE04S1 / 00

The inventive heat-insulating block for laying external walls of a rectangular configuration is a structural insulating small-sized element consisting of an outer layer made of fine-grained concrete and an inner layer made of polystyrene foam slab. The outer layer serves as both protective and structural (bearing), the inner layer of the block performs heat-insulating functions.

The adhesion of the layers occurs due to the penetration of liquid concrete mixture into the pores of expanded polystyrene.

The heat-insulating block can also be upgraded as a three-layer one (option), in which layers of fine-grained concrete are located on both sides of the polystyrene plate and are also connected by the penetration of liquid concrete mixture into the pores of polystyrene foam.

The block can be made both in the form of an ordinary (Fig. 1, 2), and angular (Fig. 3). In the manufacture of the block, the front surface of the outer layer can be made with a relief surface, with a chamfer along the contour of the front layer, as well as from fine-grained concrete with the use of pigments for volumetric coloring. The list of figures drawings.

FIG. 1. Heat-insulating two-layer ordinary block in axiometric projection (Heat effect block).

FIG. 2. Heat-insulating three-layer ordinary blockFig. 3. Heat-insulating two-layer corner block.

FIG. 4. The scheme of masonry blocks during insulation of the outer walls of buildings and structures. FIG. 5. Layout of blocks during the construction of new buildings and structures

An ordinary two-layer heat-insulating block includes a supporting element 1 and a heat-insulating element 2. In a three-layer block, a heat-insulating element 2 is located between two non-insulating elements.

The sand element is made of fine-grained concrete, and the heat-insulating element is made of expanded polystyrene.

The unit is easy to manufacture, does not require connecting rods for attaching individual components.

The masonry of blocks 1 when warming the existing external walls 5 of building 1 and sozokeniye is carried out on obrt masonry mortar 2 with floor-by-floor abrasion on the bearing corners 3, fixed with anchor bolts 4 to the wall.

Wall masonry during the construction of most buildings using 2 and 3 ply blocks is also carried out on masonry mortar with dressing with a supporting wall using flexible connections made of metal or other material.

Since this unit is a small piece element, when erecting or insulating the walls, there is no need for heavy-duty cranes for their installation.

The inventive block can be made in two ways.

The first method is a method using forms of cassettes. It includes the installation of polystyrene plates in the cells of the cassettes, followed by the coiling of the cast fine-grained concrete mixture.

The second method - a method using vibropressing technology includes laying expanded polystyrene plates in the installation matrix, lubricating the sheets with liquid cement milk, filling with cement-sand concrete and vibration compaction with a pressing matrix of the upper layer of fine-grained concrete.

Claims (2)

1. A heat-insulating block for laying external walls, including an outer layer made of fine-grained concrete, and an inner layer made of polystyrene foam slab, characterized in that the layers are connected due to the penetration of the liquid concrete mixture into the pores of the expanded polystyrene. 2. A heat-insulating block for laying external walls (option), including the outer and inner layers made of fine-grained concrete, and the middle layer made of polystyrene foam slab, characterized in that the layers are connected due to the penetration of the liquid concrete mixture into the pores of the polystyrene foam.