RU142982U1 - CULTIVATOR VINEYARDS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Vineyard cultivator containing a frame, sections with lancet paws, a mechanism for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants, characterized in that the mechanism for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants is made in the form of a conical ring with a cutting part sharpened around the circumference, the mechanism being connected through bearing assembly and cross member with a stand fixed to the section beam, while the angle of inclination of the conical ring to the horizontal plane is 12-14 °. 2. Vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone of the conical ring is equal to the installation angle of the conical ring to the horizontal plane. 3. Vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-member is made with the possibility of moving "left-right" .4. Vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the section stand is spring-loaded.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to cultivators for processing row-spacing and protective zones of vineyards.

State of the art

Known cultivator KSL (KSM-5), consisting of a frame with support wheels, on which are mounted radial sections with working bodies in the form of looser lancet paws. They are a lancet share mounted on a rack. To cultivate the soil in the protection zones, rotary paws working with the hydraulic drive mechanism are used (A. Karpenko, V. Khalansky Agricultural machines. - Agropromizdat, 1989. - from 59-61).

Its disadvantage is the radial suspension of the working bodies to the frame. When the microrelief of the surface of the soil changes, the lancet paws are either on the toe and deepened, then on the heel and deepened, which leads to uneven processing depth. In addition, cultivating lancet paws throw away the soil, forming a comb surface, which increases the evaporation of soil moisture.

The closest in technical essence and the processes performed is the cultivator vineyard KVO-3. The cultivator includes a frame with support wheels, on which radial sections with working bodies are fixed. As working bodies, cultivating lancet paws with a working width of 380 mm are used.

For processing soil in the protective zones of plants, rotary paws are used. The paws are rotated by means of a hydraulic system through the cross section using a special contact probe. (Khalansky V.M., Gorbachev I.V. Agricultural machines - M: Kolos S., 2006, p. 522-525).

The following should be noted as disadvantages. The radial suspension of the working bodies does not provide a stable depth of tillage. The cultivator is complicated by the presence of a rotary paw with a hydraulic mechanism. Even when using a rotary paw, untreated up to 12-15% of the area remains, and directly in cultivated plants

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to improve the quality indicators, increase productivity, simplify the design.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the vineyard cultivator contains a frame with sections on which are mounted ploskorezhnye, lancet paws, a mechanism for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants, made in the form of a conical ring with a sharpened circumferential cutting part connected through a bearing assembly with a cross member fixed to the strut section, while the installation angle of the conical ring to the horizontal plane is 12-14 °.

The angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone of the conical ring is equal to the angle of installation of the conical ring to the horizontal plane.

The cross member is made with the possibility of moving "left-right".

The strut section is spring loaded.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a vineyard cultivator, top view;

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device for processing soil in the protective zones of plants, rear view;

In FIG. 3 is a diagram of a conical ring with a bearing assembly, a top view;

In FIG. 4 is a diagram of a conical ring, view of the assembly.

Utility Model Implementation

The vineyard cultivator includes a frame 1 (Fig. 1), on which sections 2 are located. On the bed 3 of each section 2 there is a plane-cutting lancet foot 4. At the extreme sections behind the plane-cutting lancet legs 4 there is a mechanism 5 for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants. Each mechanism 5 consists of a conical ring 6 with a sharpened circumference of the cutting part 7, spokes 8 connecting the conical ring 6 (Fig. 3) with the bearing assembly 9. The bearing assembly 9 is connected through the cross-member 10 and the slider 11 (Fig. 2) to the stand 12 mounted on the beds 3 sections 2. The rack 12 is spring-loaded with a spring 13. Above the plane-shaped lancet paws 4 are placed roller rollers 14. They perform two functions:

- Provide a stable depth of tillage, as copying elements;

- Together with the flat-cutting paws 3 create a shallow topsoil, blocking the evaporation of soil moisture. The effectiveness of the application is ensured by the fact that there are multidirectional effects on the soil: paw-roller.

The height "C" of the conical ring 6 (Fig. 4) is determined using the following relationship:

c≤0.5 · h

where h is the depth of soil cultivation in a row of plants, m

With h = 0.05 m: c≤0.5 ... 0.005≤0.025 m.

Accepted: c = 20 mm.

This height of the conical ring 6 allows it to move below the center of gravity of the undercut soil. This ensures loosening of the soil without shifting it in the zone of plants. The thickness of the ring is 3 mm.

The angle of inclination of the conical ring 6 to the horizontal plane is determined on the basis of the condition that the depth of tillage at the row of plants is h = 0.05 m, and at the distance of the protective zone, that is, at a distance e = 0.1 m from the row should not be less h ₁ = 0.025 m:

Based on this:

We accept β = 12-14 °. The angle α of the generatrix 15 of the conical ring 6 is determined by the angle of inclination of the ring to the horizontal plane β.

at β = 12-14 °; α = 12-14 °

This ensures the vertical position of the generatrix of the ring 6 on the line of the row of plants and thereby eliminates their damage when rolling the ring 7 along the stem of the plants 16.

The diameter "d" of the conical ring 6 should ensure the processing of the protective zone, overlapping anteriorly going flat-cutting lancet paws 4 and the exit of the cutting part 7 to the surface in the center of the ring 6.

Based on this: .

Cove width of a flat-cutting lancet paw 4:

;

where B is the row spacing, m;

n is the number of plane-cutting lancet paws, pcs;

p - overlap, m;

Δ - protective zone, m;

When B = 3.0 m; n is 7; p = 0.004 m; Δ = 0.1 m

.

Accepted: b = 0.45 m = 450 mm.

The diameter "D" of the bar roller 14 is determined by the following formula:

,

where γ = 35 ° - the angle of the blade edge of a planar lancet paw 4;

Then:

.

Accepted: D = 320 mm.

The cultivation of the soil by the vineyard cultivator is as follows.

In the process of movement, the plane-cutting lancet paws 4 are buried in the soil and cut weeds in the aisles. A stable processing depth is provided by bar rollers 14.

Each conical ring 6 is immersed in the soil, and the working part of it, by moving the cross member 10 (Fig. 2), is located on the line of a row of plants. Conical surface improves penetration.

In view of the slope of the conical ring 6, one part of it is located in the soil, the other is above the surface.

This creates a torque:

where K is the soil resistivity, N / m ² ;

r is the radius of the conical ring (bottom), m;

at K = 40,000 N / m ² ; r = 0.20 m; c = 0.02 m.

M = 0.5 · 40,000 · 0.20 · 0.02 = 80 H · m

The conical ring 6 rotates, cutting weeds and loosening the soil in the protective zone with a width of "Δ". Moreover, it can go beyond the line of the row, and when it meets the stem of the plant, it rolls through it using the spring 13. Due to the equality of angles α = β, the lateral surface of the conical ring 6 is vertical in the row, which excludes the cutting of cultivated plants. It creates the opportunity to work at higher speeds.

Placed in front of section 2, a plane-cutting lancet paw 4 forms a groove and soil rollers. The left part of the conical ring 6 located above the surface displaces these rollers, filling the groove, thereby leveling the soil and reducing the evaporation of soil moisture. An overlap of "P" is provided. When the conical ring 6 is operating, the soil moves in radially diverging positions. The limiting state is achieved by stretching it. And it is known that, in accordance with the Coulomb-Mohr theory, the tensile strength is more than three times less than under compression. Section 2 provides a good copy of the soil surface. The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- full (100%) area processing is provided, including protective zones;

- the cultivator can operate at speeds up to 8-10 km / h, which significantly increases its productivity;

- the cultivator is simple in design, there are no hydraulic mechanisms.

Claims (4)

1. Vineyard cultivator containing a frame, sections with lancet paws, a mechanism for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants, characterized in that the mechanism for cultivating the soil in the protective zones of plants is made in the form of a conical ring with a cutting part sharpened around the circumference, the mechanism being connected through a bearing assembly and a cross member with a stand fixed to the section beam, while the angle of inclination of the conical ring to the horizontal plane is 12-14 °. 2. The vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone of the conical ring is equal to the installation angle of the conical ring to the horizontal plane. 3. Vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross member is made with the possibility of moving "left-right". 4. The vineyard cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the section stand is spring-loaded.