RU142079U1 - DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF SOLID MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the pyrolysis of solid materials, including a firebox, a heating chamber and vertical extraction retorts made with the possibility of steam and gas extraction, characterized in that the firebox is additionally equipped with a receiver with a crane for discharging molten liquid fraction, the receiver is made in the form of a box, the bottom of which is located below the arch of the furnace , retractable retorts are perforated and located on the roof of the furnace, the heating chamber provided with a removable cover, and in the interior of the heating chamber an additional a flue has been installed, the lower part of which is brought into the furnace.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction of devices for the disposal of household and industrial waste and industrial waste, as well as the production of charcoal from waste wood, pellets, briquettes by pyrolysis, can be used in the processing of garbage and waste in garden plots, landfills, enterprises, etc. .

A device for pyrolysis of wood waste is known, including chambers interconnected by channels with gates, retorts installed in them, a furnace connected by channels with gates, chambers and retorts, a chimney connected by channels with gates and chambers, characterized in that in the upper part of the chambers, a channel of heated air with gates was made, connecting them to the lower part of the furnace, cold air gates are located in the lower part of the chambers, and hatches with a cover are located on the side of the chambers (patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 64209, published on June 27, 2007 )..

The closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as a prototype is a device for the pyrolysis of household garbage comprising a firebox, a heating chamber and vertical extraction retorts made with the possibility of steam venting (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2164239, published on January 20, 2003).

The disadvantage of this design is that it is stationary and requires significant construction costs. To ensure the operation of such a device, additional lifting equipment for retort extraction is necessary. In addition, the design does not allow to separate the molten liquid fraction of solid materials.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices for the pyrolysis of solid materials, which provide the ability to separate the molten liquid fraction of solid materials.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that the device for the pyrolysis of solid materials contains a furnace, a heating chamber and vertical extraction retorts made with the possibility of steam venting, moreover, the furnace is additionally equipped with a receiver with a crane for discharging molten liquid fraction, the receiver is made in the form of a box, the bottom of which is located below of the furnace chamber, retractable retorts are perforated and located on the furnace chamber, the heating chamber is equipped with a removable cover, and in the interior space oh chamber additionally installed flue, the lower portion of which is wound into the furnace.

Comparison of the claimed utility model with the prototype shows that it differs in the following features:

- the furnace is additionally equipped with a receiver with a crane;

- the receiver is made in the form of a box;

- the bottom of the receiver is located below the roof of the furnace;

- removable retorts are perforated and located on the arch of the furnace;

- the heating chamber is equipped with a removable cover;

- in the internal space of the heating chamber an additional gas duct is installed, the lower part of which is brought into the furnace.

Therefore, we can assume that the claimed utility model meets the criterion of "novelty."

The utility model can be manufactured on standard equipment, so it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The figure schematically shows the claimed utility model.

The device comprises a firebox 1 with a door 8, a heating chamber 2, which is formed by a removable cover 9 and is installed on the supporting platforms 5 of the receiver 10, for example, on a sand castle. The receiver 10 is made in the form of a box and is attached to the furnace 1 so that its bottom 11 is located below the arch of the furnace 1. Removable retorts 3 are made, for example, cylindrical with perforation of the side surface and bottom (perforation is not shown in the figure). The resulting steam and gas go into the open upper part of the retractable retorts 3, falling into the heating chamber 2. In order for the retorts 3 to stand stably on the arch of the furnace 1, they have limiters 12 (Fig. 3). In the internal space of the heating chamber, a gas duct 4 is additionally installed, the lower part of which is brought into the furnace 1. The furnace is equipped with a chimney 6. To drain the liquid fraction, a valve 7 is provided in the receiver 10.

The device operates as follows. Before starting work, the device is placed in the required place. The device can be made with small overall dimensions, so it can be easily transported using any means at hand, for example, a garden trolley, etc. (if necessary, the device can be manufactured with large overall dimensions, depending on the volume of recyclable materials). After installing the device, first, the cover 9 of the heating chamber 2 is removed. Materials are removed into the retractable retorts 3 (solid household waste, old shoes, polyethylene waste, plastic bottles, etc., and then the retractable retorts 3 are installed on the horizontal part of the furnace compartment 1, the lid 9 is installed back onto the supporting platforms 5 of the receiver 10. The furnace 1 is melted in the usual way. Under the influence of temperature, the materials are pyrolyzed and melted in the extraction retorts 3. The liquid fraction from the extraction retorts 3 flows out through a perforation holes and accumulates in the lower part of the receiver 10, then drains through the faucet 7. The pyrolysis products accumulate in the heating chamber 2 and through the gas duct 4 enter the furnace 1, where they are burned out under the influence of high temperature. The combustion products are removed from the furnace through the chimney 6 After disposal, the cover 9 is removed, the retorts 3 are also removed and replaced with new retorts 3 filled with solid materials intended for pyrolysis. The cover 9 is installed back to continue the working cycle of the device. If the device uses only waste wood, pellets, briquettes, then the device goes through the usual pyrolysis process.

Thus, the claimed useful allows you to provide the ability to separate the molten liquid fraction during the pyrolysis of solid materials.

Claims (1)

A device for the pyrolysis of solid materials, including a firebox, a heating chamber and vertical extraction retorts made with the possibility of steam and gas extraction, characterized in that the firebox is additionally equipped with a receiver with a crane for discharging molten liquid fraction, the receiver is made in the form of a box, the bottom of which is located below the arch of the furnace , retractable retorts are perforated and located on the roof of the furnace, the heating chamber provided with a removable cover, and in the interior of the heating chamber an additional a flue has been installed, the lower part of which is brought into the furnace.

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