RU140700U1 - TURBO COMPRESSOR OPERATION CONTROL SYSTEM WITH TRANSPORT DIESEL RECEIVER - Google Patents

Abstract

A turbocharger control system containing a turbine with an exhaust pipeline, a compressor with an intake pipeline, an exhaust gas receiver, a valve control unit, an exhaust gas pressure sensor in the receiver, a high pressure fuel pump rack displacement sensor, characterized in that a shut-off valve is installed after the turbine, a pipeline with receiver inlet valve, receiver outlet valve with piping.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building and can be used to increase the efficiency of a transport diesel turbocharger.

A known control system for the operation of a turbocharger with a receiver of a transport diesel engine, comprising: an internal combustion engine, a turbine, a compressor, an air filter, a muffler, an exhaust valve for an exhaust gas channel, an exhaust receiver in which exhaust energy is accumulated, a receiver bypass valve, a one-way valve, installed in the bypass channel of compressed gases from the receiver to the turbine and the bypass valve control unit (Utility Model Patent No. 101093, filing date 05.04. 2010, published: January 10, 2011 Bull. No. 1).

The control system of the turbocharger with the receiver of a transport diesel engine uses the energy of the accumulated exhaust gases that accumulate in the receiver. When accelerating the vehicle, when the driver acts on the fuel pedal, a signal is sent from the sensors to the control unit, which opens the bypass valve of the receiver, additional exhaust gases come from the receiver to the turbine. The intake of exhaust gases into the receiver occurs during engine braking through the bypass valve of the exhaust gas channel.

A disadvantage in the known system is that when the exhaust gas is taken in the engine braking modes, the pipeline is blocked by the bypass valve, through which the exhaust gas enters the turbine. This leads to the exclusion from the operation of the turbine and the braking of the rotor of the turbocompressor, which causes resistance to the flow of fresh air through the compressor. Thus, the operation of the compressor and the engine is mismatched under engine braking conditions (filling the receiver with exhaust gases), which can cause an increase in smoke and emission of toxic components with exhaust gases that occur when the fuel is incompletely burned.

This design is the closest to the proposed technical essence and is taken as the closest analogue (prototype).

The objective of the proposal is to increase the efficiency of the turbocharger during transient engine operation: during acceleration of the vehicle and engine braking when the receiver is filled with exhaust gases.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the control system of the turbocompressor containing a turbine with an exhaust pipe, a compressor with an intake pipe, an exhaust receiver, block

the valve control, the pressure sensor of the exhaust gases in the receiver and the sensor for moving the rail of the high-pressure fuel pump differs from the prototype in that a shut-off valve is installed in the pipeline after the turbine, which shuts off the exhaust pipe to the muffler in the engine braking modes and a pipe with a receiver inlet valve is installed exhaust gas, through which exhaust gas flows from the turbine to the receiver, and in acceleration modes, the exhaust gas is additionally supplied through the exhaust the receiver’s valve through the exhaust valve pipe to the turbine.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the patentability conditions of the utility model.

The proposal is illustrated in the figure, which shows the control system of the turbocharger with a receiver of a transport diesel.

The proposed control system for the operation of a turbocharger with a receiver of a transport diesel engine includes an internal combustion engine 1, a turbine 2, a compressor 3, an air filter 4 connected through an air duct to a compressor 3, a muffler 5 connected through an exhaust pipe to a turbine 2, a shutoff valve 6, an exhaust gas receiver 7, in which the accumulation of energy of exhaust gases occurs, the intake valve 8 of the receiver, the pipe 9 of the intake valve of the receiver, the exhaust valve 10 of the receiver, the pipe 11 of the exhaust valve Iver, the exhaust gas discharge conduit 12, the control unit bypass valves 13, the exhaust gas pressure sensor in the receiver 14, the high pressure fuel pump with the rack 15, sensor displacement fuel pump 16, high pressure rail.

The proposed control system for the operation of a turbocompressor with a receiver of a transport diesel engine operates as follows.

With uniform movement (preferential engine operation) of the vehicle, air through the air filter 4 through the air pipe enters the compressor 3, is compressed in the compressor and under the necessary pressure enters the cylinders of engine 1 (the turbocompressor is calculated for one operating point at which it operates with the maximum coefficient of performance, as the calculated point, the characteristic point of the engine characteristic is selected, near which the preferred modes of its operation are located). After the working process in the cylinders of the engine 1, the exhaust gases flow through the exhaust pipe 12 to the turbine 2. The exhaust gases rotate the turbine 2 and then through the exhaust pipe, an open shutoff valve 6 and a silencer 5 are discharged into the atmosphere.

When the vehicle accelerates (starts moving), the driver acts on the fuel pedal (increases fuel supply), from the sensor for moving the rail of the high-pressure fuel pump 16 and the exhaust gas pressure sensor 14 in the receiver, signals are sent to the control unit 13, which opens the receiver’s exhaust valve 10 (shutoff valve 6 is open, intake valve 8 of receiver 7 is closed). Previously accumulated

the exhaust gases flow under pressure from the exhaust gas receiver 7 through the receiver exhaust valve pipe 11 to the turbine 2. Thus, a larger amount of exhaust gases (exhaust gases from the cylinders of the engine 1 and the accumulated exhaust gases from the receiver 7) are supplied to the turbine 2. Therefore, the rotor of the turbocompressor spins faster and thereby a larger amount of fresh air charge enters the cylinders, which is necessary for burning the increased amount of fuel supplied by the driver when starting and accelerating the vehicle.

When engine braking (when the driver reduces the amount of fuel supply), the command from the displacement sensor of the rail of the high pressure fuel pump 16 is sent to the control unit 13, which closes the shut-off valve 6 and opens the intake valve 8 of the receiver 7. Exhaust gases under pressure enter the exhaust gas receiver 7 through pipe 9 of the inlet valve of the receiver. Thus, the accumulation of exhaust gases occurs without loss of engine energy, attraction of additional energy sources, and there is no exception to the operation of the turbine and braking of the rotor of the turbocompressor.

Compared with the closest analogue (prototype), the proposed turbocharger operation control system ensures that the turbocharger turbine is not blocked during engine braking when the receiver is filled with exhaust gases, which is ensured by the operation of the shutoff valve installed in the pipeline after the turbine and controlled by the valve control unit, depending from operating conditions and engine operation mode. The receiver is filled and additional exhaust gases are supplied to the turbocharger turbine by opening and closing the receiver's inlet and outlet valves in diesel acceleration and braking modes, which are controlled by an electronic control unit.

Compared with the closest analogue (prototype), the turbocompressor control system with the receiver of the transport diesel engine provides an increase in the efficiency of the transport diesel engine in transient conditions when accelerating the vehicle and when the engine brakes when filling the receiver with exhaust gases, that is, it improves the consistency of the piston part of the engine and the system air supply during transient acceleration and engine braking, improves fuel economy, reduces the amount of on emissions of toxic components with exhaust gases arising from incomplete combustion of fuel.

These advantages indicate the achievement of the task - improving the efficiency of the turbocharger in transient engine operation.

Claims (1)

Turbocharger operation control system comprising a turbine with an exhaust pipe, an compressor with an intake pipe, an exhaust gas receiver, a valve control unit, an exhaust gas pressure sensor in the receiver, a high pressure fuel pump rail displacement sensor, characterized in that a shut-off valve is installed after the turbine, a pipeline with receiver inlet valve, receiver outlet valve with piping.

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