RU137766U1 - BOILER FOR HEATING AND / OR HOT WATER SUPPLY - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A boiler for heating and / or hot water supply, comprising a housing in which a furnace with a two-section gas burner block is placed, one of the sections of which works continuously, and the other has the ability to be switched on if necessary through a separate shut-off element, a steel heat exchanger of the heating circuit, a collector gas combustion products located in the upper part of the boiler and a control system connected to gas burners, while the heat exchanger of the heating circuit is made in the form of a water jacket of the furnace and in its upper Asti has convective flues with vertical convective channels and a twisted coil of a hot water supply circuit installed in its cavity along the perimeter of convective flues, and pipes for supplying and discharging the coolant and supplying and discharging water, characterized in that the convective ducts of convective flues are made in the form of a series of rectangular grooves the inner elongated walls of which are equipped with vertical heat-supplying ribs, one-piece connected with them along the entire length by means of continuous welds, while y convective gas ducts and coiled coil DHW located wall, the lower edge of which is located below the convection channels convective gazohodov.2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of the convective channels of convective gas ducts are made in the form of plates. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supplying fins on the opposite walls of the convective channels of convective flues are made U-shaped. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat

Description

The utility model relates to the field of power engineering, namely, to the design of boilers for heating and / or hot water supply.

Known water boiler containing a housing, a combustion chamber placed in the housing with the formation of a water jacket between them, a pipe for supplying cold (reverse) water and a burner device, which are located in the lower part, respectively, of a water jacket and a combustion chamber, a pipe for removing hot water and a smoke outlet in this case, in the lower part of the combustion chamber above the burner, a labyrinth heat exchanger is installed in the form of a bundle of pipes placed obliquely and fixed by both ends in the corresponding opposite walls of the combustion chamber with the formation of collectors of the input and output, respectively, and the input manifold is lower than the output and connected to the water jacket, and the output collector is connected to the pipe for draining hot water [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2273802 from 12.07.2004, IPC F24H 1/44, publ. 04/10/2006].

The presence of a labyrinth heat exchanger significantly complicates the design of the boiler and makes it less reliable in operation, which is associated with difficulties in obtaining many non-standard welded joints of stable quality.

A well-known hot water heating boiler with a selection of hot water, comprising a body in the form of a water jacket framing the furnace and gas duct, a door on the front of the boiler, a hollow heat-exchange element introduced into the internal volume of the boiler, forming a closed coolant circuit with the cavity of the water jacket, connection pipe with chimney, pipes for connecting to the heating system and hot water supply, the labyrinth of the gas channel, while the gas channel is made in the form of a set of pipes passing through the water bashku, wherein the inner part is equipped with a turbulence pipes and pipe connections with a chimney equipped with a chopper and sensor installation hole thrust [Description useful model to RF patent №23960 from 15.11.200, IPC ⁷ F24H 1/00, publ. 07/20/2002].

There is also a similar, but more advanced technical solution for a boiler containing a sealed enclosure in which a furnace with a gas burner is located, a heat exchanger with a smoke box, inside which there are vertical convective channels, pipes for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and removing combustion products, a twisted coil installed in the cavity of the heat exchanger, and an automation system connected to the gas burner, while the boiler has convective channels of circular cross section located inside circular heat exchanger, in the cavity of which metal turbulotors are placed, in the form of metal plates with semicircular protrusions, the twisted coil located in the cavity between the vertical wall and the outer wall of the heat exchanger [Description of the utility model for RF patent No. 79985 of 04.25.2008, IPC F24H 1 / 08, publ. 01/20/2009].

Theoretically, turbulators improve the heat transfer of the heat carrier to the walls of the heat exchanger, but in practice, for this, special operating conditions of the boiler must be observed, which in domestic conditions can be difficult to implement.

A well-known boiler, containing a sealed enclosure in which a furnace with a gas burner is located, a heat exchanger with a smoke box, inside which convective channels are separated by vertical walls into several gas ducts, pipes for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and removing combustion products, are twisted a coil installed in the cavity of the heat exchanger, and an automation system connected to the gas burner, while the boiler has convective channels of square cross section located inside the heat exchanger circular cross section and separated by vertical walls into several gas ducts of square cross section, with vertical walls protrude into the channel [Description useful model to RF patent №75458 of 23.10.2007, IPC F24H 1/08, publ. 08/10/2008].

The presence of additional flues in the convective channels can provoke a “folding” of the heat flow, as a result of which the convective channel will not work for heat transfer, but only its part, limited, for example, by one duct or just some walls.

The closest in the set of essential features of the claimed utility model is a hot water boiler containing a heat exchanger, a sealed housing in which a furnace with a gas burner is placed, a convective gas duct with a smoke box made above it, and also a telescopic pipe for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and discharge combustion products, connected at one end with a chimney box and extending outside the building, and an automation system connected to a gas burner, while the convective gas duct of the boiler there is an even number of vertical convective channels of trapezoidal shape, separated by vertical walls and located inside a heat exchanger filled with a liquid coolant, mounted above a two-section block of gas burners, one of the sections of which works continuously, and the other has the ability to be switched on if necessary through a separate shut-off element, and in the coil of the heat exchanger is installed a twisted coil [Description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 61013 from 04/11/2006, IPC F24H 1/08, publ. 02/10/2007].

Despite the good heat transfer conditions, the optimal operation mode of a real boiler heat exchanger is possible at loads close to maximum, in addition, the presence of trapezoidal channels makes the boiler design extremely non-technological.

The problem solved by this utility model and the achieved technical result consists in creating a technological design of a boiler for heating and hot water supply, the heat exchanger of which provides more complete utilization of the heat of the combustion products, not depending on changes in the heat supply needs during heating and / or hot water supply.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in a boiler for heating and / or hot water supply, comprising a housing in which a furnace with a two-section gas burner block is placed, one of the sections of which works continuously, and the other has the ability to be switched on if necessary through a separate shut-off element, steel heat exchanger of the heating circuit, a collection of gas combustion products located in the upper part of the boiler and a control system connected to gas burners, while heat the heating circuit exchanger is made in the form of a furnace water jacket and in its upper part has convective flues with vertical convective channels and a twisted coil of a hot water supply circuit installed in its cavity along the periphery of convective flues, and convection ducts for the coolant and water channels of convective flues are made in the form of a series of rectangular grooves, the inner elongated walls of which are equipped with vertical heat-supplying ribs, inextricably connected with them along this length by continuous welds, the gas flues and convection between the coiled coil DHW located wall, the lower edge of which is located below the convection channels convective flues. Besides:

- heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of convective channels of convective flues are made in the form of plates;

- heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of convective channels of convective flues are made U-shaped;

- heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of convective channels of convective gas ducts are located symmetrically to each other and with a gap between them;

- heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of convective channels of convective flues are displaced relative to each other and with opposite walls entering the intercostal space;

- the housing is made leaky from the side of the furnace and is equipped with a channel for supplying air from the space of the heated room and a pipe for the removal of combustion products, displayed on the street;

- the housing is airtight and equipped with nozzles for supplying air to the furnace and exhaust products of combustion, brought to the street.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a general view of an open type heating and / or hot water boiler;

- in FIG. 2 shows a section A-A of FIG. 1 - cross section of the boiler;

- in FIG. 3 shows the construction of the convective channel of the convective gas duct in cross section with magnification;

- in FIG. 4-6 show embodiments of heat-supplying fins in convective channels of convective flues;

- in FIG. 7 shows a general view of a closed-type heating and / or hot water boiler;

- in FIG. 8 shows a diagram of the air supply and exhaust of combustion products on a closed-type boiler using standard air ducts.

The boiler for heating and / or hot water supply contains a housing 1, in which a furnace 2 with a two-section block of gas burners 3-4 is placed, section 3 of which works continuously, and section 4 can be switched on (or vice versa) if necessary through a separate shut-off element ( not shown), a steel heat exchanger 5 of the heating circuit, a collection 6 of gas combustion products located in the upper part of the boiler and a control system (not shown conventionally) connected to gas burners 3-4, while the heat exchanger 5 of the heating circuit made in the form of a water jacket of the furnace 2 and in its upper part has convective flues 7 with vertical convective channels 8 and a coiled coil 9 of the hot water circuit installed in its cavity along the perimeter of convective flues 7, and nozzles 10 - supply and 11 - coolant and 12 - supply and 13 - water drainage, and the convective channels 8 of convective gas ducts 7 are made in the form of a series of rectilinear grooves, the inner elongated walls of which are provided with vertical (longitudinal) heat-supplying ribs 14, nnym them over the entire length by means of continuous welds, wherein between the convective gas conduits 7 and 9, the twisted coil DHW is a vertical wall 15 whose lower edge is located below the level of the convective canals 8 7 convective flues.

A design feature of convective channels 8 of convective flues 7 is that the heat-supplying ribs 14 (collective image) on their opposite walls can be made in the form of plates 16 or U-shaped - 17 and at the same time be arranged symmetrically to each other and with a gap between each other (see Fig. 3 and 4), as well as with offset relative to each other and with the entry into the intercostal space of the opposite (opposite) walls (see Fig. 5 and 6).

The boiler body 1 can be made leaky (see Fig. 1) from the furnace 2 side and is equipped with a channel 18 for supplying air from the space of the heated room and a pipe 19 for exhausting combustion products that is led out to the street, or the housing 1 can be sealed (see Fig. 7 and 8) and is equipped with at least one pipe 20 for supplying air to the furnace 2 from the outside, for example, directly from the street, including in the form of a dedicated channel 20 ', and a pipe 21 for exhausting the combustion products brought to the street. In the latter case, a regular air duct 22 can be used to supply air and exhaust combustion products, the cross-sectional area of which allows you to place an insulated pipe 21 of the exhaust of combustion products in it without damage to the air supply.

Let us analyze the essential features of a utility model.

The implementation of convective channels 8 convective gas ducts 7 in the form of a series of straight grooves significantly improves the manufacturability of their manufacture. In particular, it became possible to make channels 8 by combining two identical halves of the gas duct 7 and at the same time equip them with vertical (longitudinal) heat-supplying fins 14, which are inextricably connected with them along the entire length by means of continuous welds. In fact, one half is replicated and subsequently two of them are connected, continuous longitudinal welds are welded and in this way one of several convective flues 7 is obtained, of which a bundle of convective flues 7 is formed, for which single convective flues 7 are welded into the flanges of the tube plates - a heat exchanger 5 is obtained. Of course, welded convective flues 7 suggest, from the point of view of technological design, the manufacture of the boiler body 1 is also welded.

Between the convective gas ducts 7 and the coiled coil 9 of the hot water supply circuit there is a wall 15, for example, a vertical curved around the perimeter and closed, while its lower edge is below the level of the convective channels 8 of the convective ducts 7. This constructive solution eliminates sudden changes in temperature in the heat circuits - and water supply and provides continuous mixing of the working fluid inside the boiler body 1 - regardless of the working fluid circulating in the heating circuit. This means that all the working fluid is involved in the process of heat removal from the vertical convective channels 8 of the convective flues 7. The advantages of this solution are most evident in the warm season, when the boiler operates exclusively for hot water supply.

The use of heat-supplying fins 14 (16 and 17) on opposite walls of convective channels 8 of convective flues 7 allows more fully utilize the heat of combustion products. In the case of increased traction, single convective flows tend to develop - to stretch along each of the channels 8 of convective flues 7, which results in a decrease in heat removal due to heat transfer. The presence of ribs 14 in the path of the flow of combustion products does not create mechanical resistance to it. Turbulent inserts, which reduce the effective section of convective channels and under natural conditions of normal traction, increase heat transfer only in the very initial section of the channel (on the first turbulizer), and as the combustion products move further, they smoothly flow around the remaining turbulators, since the volume decreases during heat transfer combustion products. According to the utility model, the finned inside channels 8 of the convective gas ducts 7 take away all the heat from the combustion products as they move. Those. it is impossible to transfer heat, for example, in the initial section of the finned channel, in an amount larger than it can be removed and transferred to the coolant - the heat is utilized as the combustion products move along the convective channels 8 of the convective flues 7.

The heat-supplying ribs 14 on opposite walls of the convective channels 8 of the convective flues 7 can be made in the form of plates 16 or U-shaped - 17, it all depends on the developed and adopted technological regulations for their manufacture. In one case, for attaching the ribs 14 to the walls of the channels 8, arc welding is used, in the other, a more efficient contact suture.

Also, the ribs 14 on the opposite walls of the channels can be located symmetrically to each other and with a gap between them or with an offset relative to each other and with the entry into the intercostal space of the opposite walls. In all cases, one half of the gas duct 7 is manufactured and replicated, and two identical assembly units are combined during its manufacture. The offset of the opposite ribs 14 relative to each other allows you to increase the distance for placement and passage of the working bodies of the welding equipment - welding torch or suture roller. In all cases, the distance between adjacent side ribs 14 (16 and 17) in the channels 8 of the ducts 7 should preferably be 4-20 mm.

When choosing the design of the boiler, you can focus on its open version (Fig. 1), in which the air is taken and supplied into the furnace 2 to the burner block 3 and 4 from the space of the heated room through channel 18 with the removal of combustion products to the street, or closed - (Fig. 7 and 8), in which the air supply to the furnace 2 is carried out, for example, directly from the street or from a regular duct 22 of the room. In the latter case, if the dimensions and throughput of the duct channel 22 allow, air supply and removal of the cooled combustion products by means of an insulated pipe (extension of pipe 21) to the street can be carried out through this channel.

We consider the operation of the boiler in the following examples.

Example 1. The boiler is open type.

The boiler is mounted indoors, connected to the exhaust system of the combustion products, to the heating system and, through a shut-off valve (not shown conventionally), to the water supply system for heating, and also bred to consumers - in the bathroom and the kitchen. Gas is connected to the burner unit 3 and 4.

The heating system is poured into the heating system, the so-called coolant, which is used, as a rule, prepared water. The hot water system is connected to the water supply network.

Include one of the sections of the burner block 3 or 4, or both sections. The air necessary for gas combustion comes from the space of the room. As the gas burns, the combustion products fill the furnace 2 and, due to the draft, rush into the convective channels 8 of the gas ducts 7. In the channels 8 of the gas ducts 7, heat is transferred to the heat carrier, as a result of which it is heated in the boiler body 1 and simultaneously the coil 9 of the water supply is heated. As the coolant is heated, its heated layers rise up and squeezed out into the heating system. In place of the heated coolant from the heating system (the so-called "return") naturally or forcibly with the help of the circulation pump comes cool coolant, which is also heated and rises to the upper part of the housing 1 and then through the pipe 11 to the heating system. Thus, the coolant circulates - in place of the heated fluid from the heating system, the cooled fluid comes in - which transferred heat to the space of the room. Hot water circulation is very intense. This also contributes to the presence of a vertical wall 15 around the convective ducts 7.

If it is necessary to supply hot water, the corresponding faucet is turned on and cold water from the cold water supply system, passing through the coil 9 of the hot water supply circuit, starts to take heat from the coolant, it heats up itself and enters, for example, the bathroom. As the surrounding coolant coil 9 is cooled inside the boiler body 1, its layers are intensively mixed, including through the vertical wall 15. In this case, the coolant entering the heating system is slightly cooled, which can be compensated manually or automatically by increasing the gas supply or by switching on the second burner block sections 3 and 4.

After turning off the hot water supply, the boiler returns to work in heating mode.

In the event that during the operation of the boiler there is a back draft effect - the combustion products ceased to be discharged outside - the back draft sensor (not shown conditionally) will work, which will block the gas supply to the burner unit 3 and 4.

In the summer, the heating circuit, which is responsible for supplying the coolant, is turned off. In the boiler body 1, the set temperature is automatically maintained. In standby mode, only the burner igniter operates. When the hot water tap is turned on, the automatics turns on one of the burner sections 3 or 4 or both sections and begins the selection of heated water, supplying cold and, at the same time, intensive heating of the heat carrier inside the boiler body 1 through convective channels 8 of the gas ducts 7. After switching off the hot water selection the coolant gradually rises and a temperature sensor is triggered, for example, a bellows-type gas shut-off. The burner igniter continues to work again, which does not affect the operational safety of the boiler. In the event that for some reason the igniter goes out, the automatics will work to completely shut off the gas supply.

It should be noted that the modes of operation of the boiler associated with a complete shutdown of the gas supply to the burner unit 3 and 4 are to an extent an exception to the rule. Just implementing these features ensures operational safety of the boiler.

Example 2. The boiler is closed.

The difference between this boiler is the organization of air supply to its furnace - the air necessary for gas combustion comes directly from the street through a dedicated channel (for example, a regular air duct 22). Air can be supplied directly to the furnace 2 or through a special channel 23 formed between the outer walls of the boiler body 1 and its hermetic casing 24. In this case, heated air enters the furnace and, at the same time, the loss of heat going to heat the surrounding boiler air is reduced, since the air gap acts as an insulator.

Otherwise, the operation and operation of this boiler is similar to Example 1.

As an embodiment of the closed-type boiler, it is the use of a standard room duct 22 for organizing air supply and removal of combustion products (see Fig. 8).

As a result of using the utility model, the technological design of the boiler for heating and hot water supply was created, while its heat exchanger provides more complete utilization of the heat of the combustion products, regardless of the change in heat supply needs during heating and / or hot water supply.

Claims (7)

1. A boiler for heating and / or hot water supply, comprising a housing in which a furnace with a two-section gas burner block is placed, one of the sections of which works continuously, and the other has the ability to be switched on if necessary through a separate shut-off element, a steel heat exchanger of the heating circuit, a collector gas combustion products located in the upper part of the boiler and a control system connected to gas burners, while the heat exchanger of the heating circuit is made in the form of a water jacket of the furnace and in its upper Asti has convective flues with vertical convective channels and a twisted coil of a hot water supply circuit installed in its cavity along the perimeter of convective flues, and pipes for supplying and discharging the coolant and supplying and discharging water, characterized in that the convective ducts of convective flues are made in the form of a series of rectangular grooves the inner elongated walls of which are equipped with vertical heat-supplying ribs, one-piece connected with them along the entire length by means of continuous welds, while y convective gas ducts and coiled coil DHW located wall, the lower edge of which is located below the convection channels convective flues. 2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of convective channels of convective flues are made in the form of plates. 3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supplying fins on the opposite walls of the convective channels of convective flues are made U-shaped. 4. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supplying ribs on opposite walls of the convective channels of convective gas ducts are located symmetrically to each other and with a gap between them. 5. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-supply ribs on opposite walls of the convective channels of convective flues are offset with respect to each other and with the opposite walls entering the intercostal space. 6. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is leaky from the side of the furnace and is equipped with a channel for supplying air from the space of the heated room and a pipe for exhausting combustion products that is led out onto the street. 7. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is airtight and is equipped with pipes for supplying air to the furnace and exhaust products brought to the street.

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