RU135640U1 - SEA WATER DESCRIPTION INSTALLATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for desalination of sea water containing an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber located at a height exceeding the height of the liquid column of the water barometer, an external heat exchanger, characterized in that it contains a circulation fan, the bottoms of the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber are located at a height exceeding the barometric height water column, the deaerator tank is located at a height at which the barometric height of the water column is between its bottom and the top cover, the evaporation chamber is equipped with a device bezaerozolnoy feed seawater, the condensation chamber is provided with a fresh supply device bezaerozolnoy vody.2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a settling basin, which communicates with the sea. A device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a coastal water area is used as a settling basin. 4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that floating elements made of a hydrophobic material are additionally placed on the water surface in the settling basin. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sump pool at a depth of 0.1-1 m below the surface of the sea water further comprises a grid system made of non-corrosive materials in sea water. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surface of the settling basin is additionally covered with a perforated film. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that containers with sea salt are laid at the bottom of the settling basin. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises an external cooling tower.

Description

The utility model relates to the technology of desalination of sea water and can be used in the design and manufacture of desalination plants for fresh water for agriculture (watering cultivated plant crops), for industry and municipal services.

There are several different principles of desalination of sea water: distillation, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and others, implemented using the appropriate plants. However, the purest fresh water can be obtained using distillation. Distillation of sea water is based on the evaporation of water with further condensation of steam. The disadvantages of this method are the following:

- high energy consumption associated with the heating of evaporated sea water to a boiling point;

- intensive scale formation;

- the complexity of the design of heat exchangers, due to the fact that the installation must have a high degree of thermal protection, as well as a very significant contact area to reduce passive losses;

- low efficiency of installations, due to the fact that a large amount of heat is dissipated into the environment and does not perform useful work.

The prior art method of desalination and installation for its implementation (I.E. Apeltsin and V.A. Klyachko, "Desalination of water" M .: Stroyizdat, 1968. - 222 pp. 28 ... 29, Fig. 5.12). In accordance with this decision, sea water is sprayed in the evaporation chamber onto a pipeline with a hot coolant, due to which it is heated to 60 ... 70 degrees and partial evaporation. The circulation fan creates an air stream that transfers the generated steam to the condensation chamber, where the steam comes into contact with the cold coolant pipe and partially condenses. Thus dried air flows back into the fan and is directed back to the evaporation chamber.

The main disadvantage of this method and installation is that due to the fact that the method is implemented at atmospheric pressure, significant evaporation of water from the installation requires significant heating from an external heat source. Such a source can be, for example, the external cooling circuit of power plants, in which most of the thermal energy received during the combustion of fuel (hydrocarbon or nuclear) is dissipated into the environment. Can also be used the heat obtained by cooling, for example, a marine engine. In the absence of an external source of waste heat, the water will have to be heated, additionally consuming a significant amount of energy, which reduces the economic efficiency of this method.

Since the evaporated water is sprayed onto the surface of the hot pipeline, there is a problem of aerosol ablation of sea water together with the air flow into the condensation chamber, which is another significant drawback of this solution. The condensate at the outlet is heavily contaminated with seawater and is not fresh. When spraying, this problem occurs even at low air pressure (0.02 ... 0.05 atm.). And at atmospheric pressure, the severity of this problem increases by a factor.

To reduce energy costs, distillation devices are used that use the phenomenon of lowering the boiling point of water in a vacuum. With a decrease in pressure above the surface of the water, the boiling point decreases, which leads to a decrease in energy costs for desalination. (N.E. Apeltsin V.A. Klyachko. Desalination of water. M: Stroyizdat, 1968. - 222 s, p. 15). In addition, with decreasing temperature, scale formation is significantly reduced, since this process significantly depends on the temperature of the solution. It was experimentally established that at a boiling point of less than 40 degrees Celsius, scum practically does not form. (Lukin G.Ya., Kolesnik NN - Desalination plants of the fishing fleet. M: Food industry, 1970. - 368 p. Chapter IV).

The closest analogue of the proposed solution is a seawater desalination device described in RF Patent No. 2393995 (application dated March 6, 2009, Koss V.A., Penzin R.A.).

The method and the device that implements it consists in the fact that sea water from the sea surface at a temperature of about 30 degrees is supplied under pressure to the evaporation chamber, in which a low pressure is maintained, so that the water evaporates without supplying additional heat. The resulting steam condenses in the condensation chamber due to contact with circulating cold fresh water, dispersed in the nozzle to a speed of 0.6 ... 1 from the speed of sound, to create the effect of ejection and pumping out the generated vapor from the evaporation chamber. Fresh water supplied to the ejector nozzle is cooled inside a heat exchanger placed in the sea at a great depth, where sea water has a much lower temperature (about 10 degrees) than on the surface.

The main disadvantages are the following. Sea water is supplied to the evaporation chamber under pressure through nozzles, due to which it is sprayed into small droplets to increase the evaporation surface. Therefore, there is a problem of aerosol ablation of sea water into the condensation chamber. It is proposed to direct the flight of the droplets against the direction of the vapor-air flow, but this does not solve the problem completely, since the smallest drops will still be picked up by the vapor-air mixture flow and will fall into the condensation chamber. There are currently no dehumidifiers that can completely solve this problem.

Since the steam-air circuit in this installation is not closed, for the effective pumping of vapors from the evaporation chamber, a supersonic ejector is used, in which fresh water at high speed escapes from the nozzles and entrains the vapor. Acceleration of water to a high speed (0.6 ... 1 speed of sound) requires large amounts of energy. Moreover, as a rule, the efficiency of the ejector does not exceed 7%. Therefore, most of the energy spent on dispersing water is spent on heating it, although it needs to be cooled, and this contradiction is the first drawback of this solution.

In accordance with the device implemented by this method, the circulating fresh water is cooled due to the fact that the heat exchanger (coil) of the circulating pipe is placed in a layer of sea water with a temperature of 10 ... 20 degrees below the surface layer. However, the depth at which the temperature becomes suitable for cooling is highly dependent on various natural factors, such as ebbs and flows, wind and undercurrents that mix seawater. An analysis of oceanographic research shows that the average depth at which the temperature difference between the surface and deep layers exceeds 20 degrees or more can be more than 200 meters. Cold water moving along such a long pipe will inevitably heat up, passing through the warm layers of the sea. (Shokalsky Yu.M., Oceanography. - Leningrad, Hydrometeorological Publishing House, 1959. - 540 s, Chapter VI, Bowden K. Physical oceanography of coastal waters: Transl. From English. - Moscow, Mir, 1988. - 324 s, chapter 7 ; Zhukov L.A. General Oceanology - Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1976. - 376 s, pp. 283-295.) Raising water from this depth, while maintaining its low temperature, is energy inefficient and technically difficult, which is the second drawback of the solution.

The third disadvantage is as follows. Sea water is a fairly aggressive environment - in addition to strong corrosivity, it constantly contains a large number of different microorganisms that settle on any surface placed under water. A striking example of this is the problem of fouling of the bottoms of ships, known for centuries. Therefore, a heat exchanger placed in the depths of the sea will inevitably begin to overgrow with organic matter. The thickness of the overgrown layer can in several months exceed the thickness of the wall through which heat transfer occurs. As a result, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced tenfold. As a result, the heat exchanger must be cleaned regularly. However, to do this at great depths is extremely difficult and expensive, especially considering that the dimensions of the heat exchanger on the scale of a desalination plant will be comparable to the dimensions of the plant itself. It is impossible to exclude this phenomenon, even using special “antifouling” coatings. Such coatings only reduce the fouling process, without eliminating it completely. In addition, the coating affects the thermal conductivity, which leads to the need to increase the heat transfer area. As a result, the maintenance costs of such a heat exchanger increase by several times, reducing the economic efficiency of the installation.

The general technical problem that the proposed utility model solves is the creation of a desalination plant for seawater, which has high efficiency and low energy consumption per unit of desalinated water, while devoid of the above disadvantages. In more detail, in the proposed device:

1) there is no aerosol ablation of sea water into the condensation zone;

2) there is no need for heating water from an external source;

3) there is no need to use energy-intensive methods of transporting a vapor-air mixture;

4) there is no need for servicing heat exchangers placed at great depths;

5) there are no continuously working vacuum pumps.

The basis of the proposed solution is the totality of known natural phenomena. So, it is known that:

- water in vacuum (2 ... 5 kPa) boils at room temperature;

- water at a depth of the sea is colder than at the surface;

- if you organize over the surface of the water blowing off the surface layer of saturated steam with a gas stream (artificial convection), then the evaporation rate increases tenfold (A vivid example illustrating this phenomenon can serve as the driest place on planet Earth - “McMurdo Dry Valleys” in Antarctica.In this place, constant strong winds blow up to 320 km / h, which cause intense evaporation of water, despite the record low temperatures in this region.Thanks to strong winds, the evaporated moisture quickly moves away from me she fumes. Some areas of the Dry Valleys have not seen liquid water for 2 million years.).

Based on the above effects, the technical tasks are solved by the implementation of the following device.

The device includes a sealed enclosure, inside which contains an evaporation chamber equipped with a non-aerosol water supply device, a condensation chamber equipped with a non-aerosol water supply device, a fan driven by a motor, an annular partition with a device for separating sea and fresh water; seawater supply system, evacuation and deaeration system, consisting of a deaerator tank connected to the casing by means of a vacuum pipe with shut-off valves, a supply pipe with a pump, a drain pipe with a valve, a sea water supply pipe into a sealed housing with a pump and a valve to which is parallel connected auxiliary shunt pipeline, with valve and throttle device; circulation system of sea and fresh water, consisting of a heat exchanger, two pipelines with a pump of sea water, two pipelines with a pump of fresh water; a fresh water discharge system consisting of a fresh water tank and a pipeline with a valve; a settling basin in communication with a salt water body (hereinafter “the sea") by means of a pipeline; a section of a reservoir equipped with intake and drain pipelines; system of instrumentation and control equipment.

The device consists of the following main elements shown in figure 1:

- a module, which is a sealed housing 1 inside of which are located: an evaporation chamber 12, equipped with a non-aerosol water supply device with a supply pipe 13 and guide elements 3, a condensation chamber 2, equipped with a non-aerosol water supply device with a supply pipe 9 and guide elements 10, a fan 6 driven by a motor 15, an annular dividing wall 11 with a device for separating sea and fresh water;

- a system for supplying sea water, evacuation and deaeration, consisting of a tank-deaerator 7 connected to the module by a vacuum pipe 4 with shut-off valves 5 and 8, a supply pipe 29 with a pump 28, a drain pipe 30 with a valve 31, a pipe 16 for supplying sea water to a module with a pump 14 and a valve 24, to which an auxiliary bypass pipe 19 is connected in parallel, with a valve 25 and a throttle device 23;

- circulation system of sea and fresh water, consisting of a heat exchanger 27, pipelines 38 and 34 with a pump of sea water 21, pipelines 18 and 33 and a pump of fresh water 20;

- a system for draining fresh water, consisting of a fresh water tank 32, a pipe 26 with a valve 17;

- a settling basin 35 communicating with a seawater source via a pipeline 36

- section of the marine water area 37, equipped with intake and drain pipelines 22;

- systems of instrumentation and control equipment.

Installation for desalination of sea water works as follows. Initially, sea water flows from the sea to the basin - sump 35, in which the primary purification of sea water from suspended particles occurs. Further, through the pipeline 29, sea water is supplied to the deaerator tank 7. Then, the sea water from the deaerator tank 7 through the pipe 16 enters the device for aerosol-free water supply of the evaporation chamber 12, from where it flows downward through the guide elements 3 of the non-aerosol water supply device with a thin film down and through line 22 is removed from the module. The use of guide elements 3 made of a well-wettable material (a contact angle greater than 90 °) completely eliminates the splashing of incoming sea water and, therefore, the formation of an aerosol in the chamber. As a result, in the present invention there is completely no such harmful effect as aerosol ablation of sea water into the condensation zone and the first of the stated technical problems is solved.

When passing through the guide elements 3 of the non-aerosol water supply device, seawater partially evaporates due to maintaining a low pressure inside the module corresponding to its boiling point, as well as by blowing the surface of the sea water with a stream of unsaturated vapor-air mixture created by fan 6. Steam-air mixture passing through the evaporation chamber is saturated. Saturated steam-air mixture is fed into the condensation chamber 2, where it is in contact with the circulating cold fresh water, as a result of which the steam partially condenses. As a result, the air-vapor mixture becomes unsaturated and is sent through the separation device of sea and fresh water 11 to the evaporation chamber - to blow the guide elements 3 of the aerosol-free water supply device. Thus, a continuous closed flow of the vapor-air mixture is created inside the module. Condensed fresh water is removed by gravity from the fresh water circulation system to the fresh water tank 32 through a pipe 26.

The circulating fresh water with the help of pump 20 is supplied to the device for aerosol-free water supply of the condensation chamber 2 and flows along the guiding elements 10 to the bottom of the housing 1, from where it enters the heat exchanger through pipe 18, in which it is cooled by contacting with cold sea water supplied from a layer of sea water water with a temperature of 10 ... 20 degrees lower than the surface temperature, pump 21, and again enters the device aerosol-free water supply of the condensation chamber.

The condensation and evaporation chambers are separated from each other by an annular partition 11 with a device for separating sea and fresh water, which prevents the flow of sea water into the condensation chamber, and fresh water into the evaporation chamber.

The necessary vacuum is created by placing the evaporation and condensation chambers so that their bottoms are located at a height exceeding the barometric height of the water column (approximately 10 m), and the deaerator tank is set so that the barometric height of the water column in it is always between the bottom and the top deaerator tank cap. In this case, the lid of the deaerator tank can be both above the lids of the evaporation and condensation chambers, and below them; the preferred placement option is that in which the lid of the deaerator tank at the nominal level (that is, immediately after the removal of the next portion of accumulated gases) was slightly higher than this level - 0.1-1 meter (which is necessary so that when the gases are extruded the volume that needs to be filled with water is less, for this the lid of the tank is also conical).

As a vacuum pump, the deaerator tank itself is used, which is also used to remove gases dissolved in it from sea water. Its use ensures continuous operation of the installation, eliminating the need for a break to remove accumulated gases. This solution allows us to solve the technical problem aimed at refusing the presence in the structure (and use in the method) of energy-consuming elements such as vacuum pumps.

The initial evacuation of the evaporation and condensation chambers is carried out as follows: with valves 5, 24, 25 and 31 closed and valve 8 open, sea water fills tank 7 with pump 28, squeezing out all the air contained in it through valve 8. Then the valve 8 closes, pump 28 stops. Then the valves 5 and 31 open. Water drops down under the influence of gravity, pouring back into the sea. The pressure in the chambers decreases. Repeating this procedure several times, they achieve the correspondence of the pressure in the chambers to the boiling temperature of the sea water supplied to the module. After that, the valve 24 opens and sea water is pumped into the evaporation chamber by a pump 14 to the supply pipe 13 of the aerosol-free water supply device. The water flow in the tank 7 is replenished through the supply pipe 30. As the dissolved gases leaving the sea water accumulate, the above procedure is repeated, but to ensure continuous operation of the device when the pump 28 is operating, valve 25 is opened, valve 24 is closed, pump 14 is turned off, and the sea water enters the evaporation chamber through the shunt conduit 19 and the throttle device 23. In this case, the throttle device 23 is selected so that the water flow rate in the nozzles 13 when the pump 28 is operating approximately corresponds to the flow ode to them when the pump 14.

Since the feed pipe 13 of the non-aerosol water supply device in the evaporation chamber is located 0.2 ... 1 m above the water level in the deaerator tank, the load on the pump 14 is minimal and is reduced to overcoming the hydrodynamic resistance in the pipelines and the height difference (less than 1 meter).

Cold sea water from the deepest, least warmed up layers of the coastal water area is fed through a pipe 36 to a heat exchanger 27 using a pump 21 to cool fresh water circulating in the condensation chamber 2. After the passage of the heat exchanger 27, the water through the pipe 34 is drained back into the sea.

The evaporation chambers 12 and condensation 2 maintain a pressure close to the saturated vapor pressure at sea water temperature taken from the sea surface (2000 ... 5000 Pa at a temperature of 17 to 40 ° C), which leads to boiling of sea water without additional heating. Due to this, the technical problem is solved in the absence of the need for additional heating of water from an external source, which leads to better, in comparison with analogs, economic performance of the installation for desalination of sea water. Sea water is fed into the evaporation chamber using a non-aerosol water supply device (3 and 13). The surface of sea water placed in the evaporation chamber is blown by a stream of unsaturated vapor-air mixture, which is created due to the rotation of fan 6. Moreover, the flow rate of the vapor-air mixture does not exceed 20 m / s, mainly within 7-9 m / s. As a result of blowing, seawater partially evaporates, and the resulting vapor is removed along with the flow of the steam-air mixture into the condensation chamber through a fan. The unevaporated part of the water is removed from the chamber, mainly by gravity, through the drain hole. In the condensation chamber 2, part of the steam condenses due to contact with circulating fresh water, the temperature of which is 10 ... 20 ° C lower than the temperature of the sea water in the evaporation chamber 12, the condensate formed by gravity is drained into the fresh water tank, and the dried vapor-air mixture is sent to the evaporation chamber 12. Thus, a closed vapor-air circuit is formed, and the vapor-air mixture flow does not encounter significant resistance in its path. The absence of such resistance during the transfer of the steam-air mixture from one chamber to another means that there is no need to use energy-intensive methods of transferring the steam-air mixture, and the use of energy-intensive pumps / fans for their implementation. So, in the closest analogues, the required power required for transferring the vapor-air mixture is of the order of kilowatts or even of the order of tens of kilowatts, in the present invention, the fan power is from 1 to 10 watts. To ensure the necessary speed of the air-vapor mixture, a pressure differential between the evaporation and condensation chambers of 1 ... 10 Pa is created by means of a fan. The cooling of the circulating fresh water is carried out by heat exchange with sea water, which has a temperature of 10 ... 20 degrees lower than the temperature of sea water taken from the surface.

Water can be drawn into the evaporation chamber from the surface of the settling basin, in which suspended particles contained in sea water settle to the bottom, and the surface of the water is additionally heated by solar radiation.

To remove gases dissolved in sea water, an external deaerator tank connected to an evaporation chamber can be used, which cyclically removes accumulated gases, allowing continuous operation. Sea water, before entering the evaporation chamber, first passes through a deaerator tank, in which the pressure corresponds to the saturated vapor pressure at sea water temperature. As a result, the gases dissolved in the water intensively leave the sea water, accumulating in the tank. As gases accumulate, the water level in the tank decreases, and when a certain critical level is reached, the procedure for removing accumulated gases from the deaerator tank is started.

The efficiency of the installation depends on many factors, but the main ones are the following: the temperature difference between seawater supplied to the evaporation chamber and the circulating fresh water in the condensation chamber, the evaporation and condensation area and the efficiency of blowing the guide elements of the aerosol-free water supply device in the evaporation chamber.

It was experimentally established that the installation works stably if the indicated temperature difference is more than 10 degrees. It is possible to provide such a temperature difference, in the absence of a heating source in the structure itself, in various ways - either additionally cool the water in the condensation chamber, or additionally heat the water in the evaporation chamber, or use a combination of these methods.

Getting cold water is achieved through the use of the effect of temperature stratification in depth. However, natural stratification can be unstable due to the influence of a large number of different factors - tides, low tides, wind (which can be leveled by using a settling basin) as well as the effect of water stratification by salinity.

Water, evaporating from the surface of the sea (or the settling basin), cools and increases its salinity and density. She begins to sink, trying to take that position in depth, which corresponds to her density. However, as it dives, it encounters layers of water with a higher temperature on its way and heats up. At the same time, its salinity does not have time to significantly change, and it continues to sink further, but already heated. As a result, warmer layers of water fall to a depth greater than the depth to which it would sink without the influence of salinity. (L.K. Ingel, M.V. Kalashnik, “Advances in Physical Sciences,” 2012, Volume 182, No. 4, p. 379 ... 405)

The mismatch of stratifications in temperature and salinity leads to additional mixing of the water layers. In order to obtain colder water at a depth, it is necessary to further increase the salinity of the bottom layers of water. This can be done, for example, by forcibly increasing the salinity of the bottom layers of the water area in which seawater is taken to cool the circulating fresh water.

To enhance the heating of the surface of sea water in the settling basin from the sun, a large number of floating elements are poured onto the surface of sea water in the settling basin. They can be made, for example, in the form of hollow sealed spheres made of a hydrophobic material that is resistant to sea water. The dimensions and weight of these spheres are chosen such that approximately half the volume of the element is under water. Their number is such that they cover the surface of the water in the settling basin as much as possible. The color is chosen black or close to it, to enhance heating from the sun. As a result of exposure to the sun on the blackened surface of floating elements, they heat up and give off heat to sea water. And since they cover most of the water surface from the effects of wind, the evaporation of heated water is reduced. As a result, the surface layer of sea water warms up more. Sea water from this layer is supplied to the desalination plant. It was experimentally established that the black surface in the summer daytime sun can warm up to 70 ... 100 degrees or more. And since the sphere freely floats in water, it constantly turns under the influence of small perturbations of the sea surface. The heated side is immersed in water, giving it heat. And since the material of the spheres is selected hydrophobic, i.e. poorly wettable, the upper surface of the spheres remains dry, which reduces the evaporation surface in the open part of the settling basin and increases the temperature of the surface water layer. If you choose, for example, polyethylene as the material of the spheres, then no pollution of the sea occurs, because polyethylene is practically inert.

You can also place a perforated polymer film on the surface of the settling basin, which will reduce evaporation from the surface, which will reduce the cooling of the water surface from the wind.

It is also possible to place at a depth of 0.1 ... 1 meter a system of nets of a dark color made of non-corrosive materials in sea water, so that sunlight does not penetrate deep into the pool. Grids heated by the action of the sun will give off heat to the water, warming up the surface layer of sea water in the basin of the sump.

Combined use of floating elements, nets and surface film is also possible.

Due to additional heating, the surface temperature of the water can reach 40-50 degrees, instead of the usual 25 ... 30, which will allow any water from the sea to be taken as cooling water.

Also, tanks with sea salt can be laid at the bottom of the settling basin.

The settling basin itself can be made both as a separate engineering structure, and as a part of the sea water area fenced off from the sea, for example, using a dam. In this case, the settling basin must communicate with the sea to maintain the water level. The choice of the option used is dictated by the particular geographic location of the particular desalination plant. For example, if a desalination plant is planned to be built on a rocky shore, then, most likely, there may not be a place for the construction of a settling basin for additional heating of sea water. Moreover, if the natural temperature stratification in this place starts from a shallow depth (10 ... 20 m), which is typical for the rocky coast, then the need for additional warming up disappears.

In connection with the absence of the need to install a heat exchanger at great depths arising from the foregoing, the problem of the lack of technologically complex and expensive maintenance of the heat exchanger, which existing analogues are deprived of, is being solved. Sea water is a very aggressive environment - in addition to strong corrosivity, it constantly contains a large number of different microorganisms that settle on various surfaces under water. An example of this is the problem of fouling of the bottoms of ships, known for centuries. Therefore, a heat exchanger placed in the depths of the sea will inevitably and very quickly begin to overgrow with organic matter. The thickness of the overgrown layer can, in a very short period of time, exceed the wall thickness through which heat exchange occurs several times. As a result, heat transfer efficiency may decrease by tens of times. The heat exchanger will have to be cleaned regularly. However, to do this at great depths is extremely difficult and expensive, especially considering that the dimensions of the heat exchanger on the scale of a desalination plant will be comparable to the dimensions of the plant itself. It is impossible to exclude this phenomenon, even using special “antifouling” coatings. Such coatings only reduce the fouling process, without eliminating it completely. The coating affects the thermal conductivity, which leads to the need to increase the heat transfer area. As a result, the maintenance costs of such a heat exchanger increase by several times, worsening the overall economy of the installation. The proposed solution completely solves this problem.

The area of evaporation and condensation increases due to the use of guide elements with a developed surface in the device for aerosol-free water supply. The guiding elements can be made of fabric or cord and attached at one end to the opening of the supply pipe, providing aerosol-free flow of sea water in the form of a thin film.

For the intense evaporation of sea water, a vapor-air mixture flow is formed along the surface of the guide element, so that the resulting vapor is quickly removed from the surface of sea water. For this, the guide elements in the evaporation chamber are installed so that their surfaces are located along the flow of the circulating vapor-air mixture.

Also, the temperature difference between the evaporation and condensation chambers can be enhanced by pre-supplying cooling sea water to an external cooling tower installed on the shore, in which the water is additionally cooled, and then fed to a heat exchanger to cool the circulating fresh water.

Claims (8)

1. A device for desalination of sea water containing an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber located at a height exceeding the height of the liquid column of the water barometer, an external heat exchanger, characterized in that it contains a circulation fan, the bottoms of the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber are located at a height exceeding the barometric height water column, the deaerator tank is located at a height at which the barometric height of the water column is between its bottom and the top cover, the evaporation chamber is equipped with a device bezaerozolnoy feed seawater condensing apparatus bezaerozolnoy chamber is provided with supply of fresh water. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a settling basin, which communicates with the sea. 3. The device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the coastal area is used as a settling basin. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the floating surface made of hydrophobic material is additionally placed on the water surface in the settling basin. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sump pool at a depth of 0.1-1 m below the surface of the sea water further comprises a grid system made of non-corrosive materials in sea water. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surface of the settling basin is additionally covered with a perforated film. 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that sea salt containers are laid at the bottom of the settling basin. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises an external cooling tower.

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