RU134927U1 - LINE OF "COLD" MIXING OF LUBRICANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The line of "cold" mixing of lubricants, including: - at least two storage tanks of the original lubricating components and at least one storage tank of additives, which are connected via pipelines through valves to the manifold, and also connected in series between by pipelines: - a collector, - at least one first pump controlled by a first frequency converter, and a corresponding first cavitation column, - at least one second pump controlled by a second frequency by the educator, and the corresponding second cavitation column — the storage capacity of the final product, pressure and temperature sensors are also installed in the line, the first pair is installed between the first pump and the first cavitation column, the second pair is at the outlet of the first cavitation column, the third pair is installed between the second a pump and a second cavitation column, the fourth pair at the outlet of the second cavitation column, with each cavitation column consisting of three internal horizontal partitions with a conical shape holes in each of them. 2. Line "cold" mixing of lubricants according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump is made gear. The cold mixing line of lubricants according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of cone-shaped openings in each internal horizontal partition of the cavitation column is different and is reduced at each level. The line of “cold” mixing of lubricants according to claim 3, characterized in that in the lower horizontal internal partition of the cavitation column there are seven cone-shaped�

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of production of lubricants, namely, to initiate cavitation and the emergence of the process of “cold” mixing (blending) of base oils and additives for the production of lubricants (marketable oil). The level of mixing is a colloidal structure.

Mixing technologies are widely used in the production of lubricants, especially at the final stage of production, when additives and other components provided by the technical specifications are introduced into the base base.

All mixing technologies used in the production of lubricants can be divided into two types:

- Technologies based on the use of technical means (mixers, blenders, mixers, etc.);

- Technologies based on physical processes and phenomena (cavitation, ultrasound, etc.).

Until today, the first type of technology (the so-called "mechanical blending") has been traditional in the production of lubricating oils. But these technologies are outdated, since the main disadvantage of such technologies is a long process and high energy consumption, which contradicts global trends and does not correspond to the course of developed countries' governments on the introduction and application of energy-saving technologies. The high energy costs of the outdated method and line are explained by the need for prolonged heating of the oil components (up to + 70-80 ° C), in order to reduce viscosity and thereby obtain a homogeneous mixture.

Devices mixing various liquids, including various oil-containing liquids, by means of cavitation are also widely known. So, for example, in patent GB 1152354 A, dated 05/14/1969, a device is described that allows mixing various liquids based on cavitation. The disadvantage of these devices is that this process is not controlled, i.e. during cavitation, temperature and pressure are not controlled in any way. In addition, the cavitation process itself occurs at high temperature.

A known device for mixing oils, see patent WO 2008016937 A2, from 02/07/2008. This document describes a device comprising: means for supplying oil and liquid to a storage tank; pump for pumping oil and liquid; a cavitation column, where oil and liquid are mixed due to pressure and heat from cavitation bubbles producing shock waves (using ultrasound), and a drain channel for discharging the resulting mixed oil. This device has a number of disadvantages, and so, due to the design of the cavitation column, it is not intended for mixing two or more lubricants (technical oils), and also, when mixed, they produce heating, which negatively affects the oils obtained.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at eliminating the above disadvantages and obtaining high-quality lubricants.

In the proposed technical solution for the implementation of the mixing process, the cavitation effect is used. Two cavitation columns and two gear pumps, creating a pressure difference, initiate cavitation. Moreover, the entire mixing process takes place at a temperature of + 20C ° to + 30C °, unlike other methods at + 70-80C °, this difference allows us to call our mixing methods “cold”.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to save energy and improve the level of homogenization.

Energy consumption is an important but not the only argument when choosing this mixing technology. Equally important is the condition of the components in the oil. Most lubricants are colloidal systems in which the solid phase is formed by complexing substances, natural or artificially introduced. With an improper or uncontrolled mixing process, the molecular structure can easily be violated and, as a result, low-quality lubricants can be obtained. In this regard, it is very important to effectively control the process of mixing the components.

In the lubricating oil, the colloidal system is formed by additives, many of which are contained in the oil in the form of micelles. In this condition, most of the additive molecules are isolated from the bulk of the oil and are not involved in the processes of the lubricating action, which negatively affects the timing and quality of operation of the mechanisms.

To improve the quality of the oil, in production it is necessary to achieve a higher dispersion and homogenization effect (better mixing of the components).

Thus, based on the factors of energy conservation and the presence of a high level of homogenization, we developed an oil mixing complex (CCBL line for cold mixing lubricants) based on the principles of cavitation.

Briefly, the essence of the “cold” blending process can be described as follows: the collapse of billions of bubbles in the cavitation zone forms many microexplosions capable of mixing organic complexes at the molecular level.

The proposed lubricant mixing line can significantly improve the quality of products, reduce energy consumption, and ultimately reduce the cost of production, as there is no need to heat the mass (as in the traditional method) to the optimum temperature of miscibility i.e. up to + 70-80 ° C degrees.

Moreover, in the controlled cavitation process, a 100% homogenization effect is clearly traced, and with such a high quality of mixing the components, the dispersion reaches 98% !!!

As a result, the CCBL innovative “cold” mixing line for lubricants allows you to immediately solve several pressing issues: reduce production time, significantly reduce power consumption, significantly increase the level of ecology and product quality, optimize the formulations and composition of input components, reduce production costs and increase the company's profit .

Since during the cavitation process the bubbles can contract and expand sharply, the temperature inside the bubbles varies widely, and can reach several hundred degrees Celsius, which allows achieving incredibly high quality lubricants. But this temperature is fixed at the nanoscale, in real conditions, the process temperature is not more than + 20 ° C, as a result, all mixing processes occur at the molecular level and we can confidently call this method “cold” blending, and the resulting products - “high-quality molecular lubricants materials. "

The molecular scale of technological actions, the speed of the mixing process, low energy consumption with high viscosity of the mixed materials and the effectiveness of the results obtained allow us to qualify the oil mixing equipment (cold mixing line of lubricants) and the CCBL cold mixing method of lubricants as an energy-saving technology with obvious NANOTECHNOLOGIES elements.

The “cold” method of mixing lubricants and a specially developed mixing line for initiating this method can be recommended exclusively for the production of lubricants of a wide range of viscosity classes, as well as for the processing of commercial oils produced in an industrial way.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the line of "cold" mixing of lubricants includes:

- at least two storage tanks of the original lubricant components and at least one storage tank of additives, which are connected via pipelines through valves to the collector,

as well as sequentially interconnected by pipelines:

- collector

- at least one first pump and its corresponding first cavitation column,

- at least one second pump and its corresponding second cavitation column,

- storage capacity of the final product,

pressure and temperature sensors are also installed in the line, the first pair is installed between the first pump and the first cavitation column, the second pair is located at the outlet of the first cavitation column, the third pair is installed between the second pump and the second cavitation column, the fourth pair is at the exit of the second cavitation column, each cavitation column consists of three internal horizontal partitions with cone-shaped openings in each of them.

Preferably, the pump was made gear.

In this case, the number of cone-shaped holes in each internal horizontal partition of the cavitation column is different and is reduced at each level. It is preferable that seven cone-shaped openings were made in the lower internal horizontal partition of the cavitation column, six in the middle and five in the upper. In this case, the taper of the holes decreases to the top of the column, i.e. in each internal horizontal partition, the upper diameter of the hole is smaller than the lower.

In addition, the temperature of the lubricating components and additives contained in the containers and to be mixed is not more than +30 C ° and does not change during the mixing process.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated in FIG. 1-4:

- in FIG. 1 shows a general diagram of the proposed line of "cold" mixing of lubricants;

- in FIG. 2 shows an example of a cold blending line of lubricants;

- in FIG. 3 shows the process of passing the flow of lubricants in a cavitation column;

- in FIG. 4 shows the structure of oil under a microscope obtained by conventional means of mixing and based on the proposed line of "cold" mixing.

The cavitation-based lubricant cold mixing line shown in FIG. 1, is intended solely for the production of lubricants. Base oils (up to three types at the same time) and additives pre-dissolved in them enter the reservoir / reservoir 5 through valves 1-4. Then, through the pipeline from the manifold, a mixture of oils, the first gear pump 6 (see. Fig. 1) is fed into the cavitation column 8. At the same time, temperature and pressure sensors 7 (1) are installed on the pipeline in front of the cavitation column, as well as at the outlet of the cavitation column temperature and pressure sensors 7 (2). With the active help of frequency converters (not shown in Fig. 1), the necessary adjustment of the pump operation is achieved, at which a pressure difference occurs (based on the first 7 (1) and second 7 (2) groups of sensors), sufficient for cavitation to appear in columns 8 and 8 (1) at a given specific viscosity of lubricants. For the production of various types of lubricating oils, the necessary parameters and the level of adjustment of the frequency converters are accordingly set.

The internal structure of cavitation columns 8 is specially designed and consists of three internal horizontal partitions with cone-shaped openings in each of them, see FIG. 3. The number of holes on each partition is different in the bottom - seven, in the middle - six and in the top five. In the column, the main flow of lubricants pumped by the gear pump 6 is sequentially divided into five to seven flows, respectively, while the total area of the through holes at each level is reduced, which ensures an increase in pressure and better mixing of the components. Pump 6 (1) creates the vacuum required for the occurrence of hydraulic cavitation and drives the lubricant mass through column 8 (1) to obtain a higher level of homogenization and dispersion. The maximum pressure in the working process in the equipment is 0.15-0.35 MPa (1.5-3.5 kgf / cm). When pressure is exceeded, the valve on the pump is activated. The pump 6 (1) can also work as a circulation pump, providing mixing of lubricants in the tank and work on delivery of the finished technical oil to the external tank. The process is controlled by frequency converters, as well as pressure and temperature sensors 7 (1), 7 (2), 7 (1.1) and 7 (2.1) installed in pairs in the following order: the first pair 7 (1) is installed for monitoring pressure and temperature in the zone of maximum pressure (between pump 6 and column 8), the second pair 7 (2) is installed in the rarefaction zone (at the outlet of column 8). The third and fourth pairs of sensors are installed similarly to the first - on the pump 6 (1) and column 8 (1).

The operation of frequency converters is necessary for precise control of the cavitation process and the production of high-quality lubricants. Unlike many other installations and methods of mixing different liquids using cavitation, to obtain a high-quality finished lubricating oil, it is necessary to control the cavitation process of mixing base oils with additives, taking into account the specific viscosity and composition of the lubricating oil. For convenience, a computer can be used to interrogate temperature and pressure sensors in real time, and the monitor displays pressure and temperature; also, through this computer, the user controls the frequency converters and their corresponding pumps (each pump has its own frequency converter).

In the case of using other equipment with an uncontrolled cavitation process, the macromolecule in the oil is destroyed, which negatively affects the final quality of the resulting product and significantly reduces the viscosity of the lubricating oil, see FIG. four.

After passing through the equipment line, the produced lubricants are poured into the container of the finished product. If necessary, the mass is driven a second time, while the second time it is possible not to use frequency converters, since the structure of macromolecules after passing through a controlled cavitation process becomes more elastic and cannot be destroyed, making the resulting product unique in its characteristics and able to withstand the most severe and severe operating conditions . This once again confirms the effectiveness of the use of “cold” mixing and the proposed mixing line. Also, valves 9, 9 (1) are provided in the line, which make it possible to turn off the first or second columns with their pumps in the mixing line, as well as the drain line for oil residues in each column with the necessary valves, for technological purposes, for example, cleaning. The mass is drained from the finished product tank to the warehouse by a drain pump.

Consider the work of the proposed line (see Fig. 2) using the example of the production of one ton of semi-synthetic motor oil SAE10W-40 with a viscosity index of at least 145 and a pour point of at least -33 C °, using the cold blending method and the proposed line:

1. The preparatory phase:

simultaneously load three different I-20A, I-40A, ETRO-4 base oils from containers 2 (1), 3 (1), 4 (1) into tank 5 (see Fig. 1), and add a dipressor ( additive), additive OLOA59770 and thickener K-16 from containers 1 (2) (see table 1). For 20-30 minutes, we mix the components at a temperature of + 20-30C °, in order to evenly distribute additives and additives throughout the volume of the base oil (this procedure can be performed by any known means, for example, by the blades of a mixing pump in the figures not shown);

Table 1. Routing. Consumption of base oils and alloying active elements (additives) in the production of SAE10W-40 semi-synthetic motor oil. No. Component Name units measuring oil 10w-40, kg. consumption rate 1,000 per 1 kg. one Base oil I-20A kg 177 0.177 2 Base oil I-40A kg 260 0.260 3 Base oil ETRO-4 kg 429 0.429 four Depressor Additive kg eighteen 0.018 5 ORONITEOLOA59770 Alloy Pack kg 104 0.104 6 Thickener K-61 kg 12 0.012

2. The main stage:

we start the equipment shown in FIG. 1, preliminary, taking into account the viscosity of this type of oil (see table 2), setting the frequency converters in the range from 0 to 30 Hz and controlling the speed of the corresponding pump motor (no more than 1:10). Next, we open the valves and pass the pre-prepared mass through the installation where the process of molecular mixing of the components with the effect of cavitation takes place at a temperature of + 20-30C °.

table 2. Name of indicator 10W-40 Kinematic viscosity, mm ² / s (cSt) at 40 ° C 103 at 100 ° C 14.5 Viscosity index, not less 145 Pour point, ° C -33

3. The final stage:

The finished product is pumped into the storage tank.

Selection is made for laboratory analysis and packaging of finished products in containers.

The main features of the “cold” lubricant mixing line were disclosed above, but it is obvious to any person skilled in the art that based on the disclosed data, it is possible to create variations of the lubricant mixing lines, for example, by performing a larger number of cavitation columns and their corresponding elements.

Claims (5)

1. Line of "cold" mixing of lubricants, including: - at least two storage tanks of the original lubricant components and at least one storage tank of additives, which are connected via pipelines through valves to the collector, as well as sequentially interconnected by pipelines: - collector - at least one first pump controlled by the first frequency converter, and the corresponding first cavitation column, - at least one second pump controlled by a second frequency converter and a second cavitation column corresponding thereto, - storage capacity of the final product, pressure and temperature sensors are also installed in the line, the first pair is installed between the first pump and the first cavitation column, the second pair is at the outlet of the first cavitation column, the third pair is installed between the second pump and the second cavitation column, the fourth pair is at the exit of the second cavitation column each cavitation column consists of three internal horizontal partitions with cone-shaped openings in each of them. 2. The line of "cold" mixing of lubricants according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump is made of gear. 3. The line of "cold" mixing of lubricants according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of cone-shaped holes in each internal horizontal partition of the cavitation column is different and is reduced at each level. 4. The line of "cold" mixing of lubricants according to claim 3, characterized in that in the lower internal horizontal partition of the cavitation column seven conical holes are made, in the middle - six and in the top five. 5. The line of "cold" mixing of lubricants according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the lubricating components and additives is not more than 30 ° C.

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