RU134558U1 - LIGHTED BEARING WALL PANEL WITH INCREASED DUALITY AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

Lightweight load-bearing wall panel with increased ductility, consisting of load-bearing vertical ribs with embedded elements, a barrier layer, a warming layer and a plaster layer, in which load-bearing vertical ribs and a barrier layer are made of lightweight structural concrete based on Portland cement with lightweight aggregate, dispersed-reinforced basalt microfiber modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of the fulleroid type of the toroidal shape with the addition of sand, active silica fume and pozz olanic additives, in combination with large panel reinforcement made of composite nanocomposite reinforcement, in which there is an outer layer of high-modulus carbon fiber in the form of angle-braided bundles modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of a fulleroid type of toroidal shape, and the inner layer is made of the same lightweight structural concrete with expanding additives, the outer and inner surfaces of the panel being coated with a self-sealing nanocomposite material based on polymer binders Filled with basalt microfiber, a modified multi-layered carbon nanoparticles fulleroid type toroidal shape.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular to the designs of load-bearing panels, which are used for prefabricated buildings and structures for various purposes.

Buildings and constructions, especially low-rise ones, are most quickly constructed using prefabricated panel structures, most of which universally perform the functions of load-bearing and heat-insulating and decorative elements. And this, in particular, is the most effective means to solve the problems of solving the problem of providing the population with cheap and comfortable housing as soon as possible (For example, the cost of 1 square meter of a 2-storey building made of brick is 19 thousand rubles, of aerated concrete blocks - 15 thousand rubles, buildings of various prefabricated frame types made of industrial wood and wooden panels - 14 thousand rubles. The cost of 1 square meter of a building of the same area of prefabricated panel type does not exceed 12 thousand rubles). Currently existing panels for prefabricated structures differ in their own device, materials used and manufacturing technology. At the same time, the range of new materials already used in the construction of panels and the latest materials that have just appeared on the construction market and are used in related fields of construction is constantly expanding. Examples are lightweight structural nanostructured concrete (RF Patent No. 2355656, priority from 05/10/2007 and RF patent No. 2436749, priority from 10/22/2009) and nanocomposite reinforcement (RF Patent No. 2405091, priority from 2/6/2009). Lightweight structural nanostructured concrete according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656 has a density of 1.4-1.6 tons / cubic meter, compressive strength of 45-65 MPa, increased by 2-3 times the work of complete destruction upon reaching ultimate loading (increased ductility ) and a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.4-0.6. Nanocomposite reinforcement according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091 has an adaptive coefficient of thermal expansion and is applicable, therefore, to reinforce any structures made of any materials, has a thermal conductivity of 0.4-0.6, withstands tensile stress up to a level of 2 GPa (For comparison, a seven-wire steel rope of 15 mm has a similar indicator at a level of no higher than 1.4 GPa). Other new materials and methods have also been developed and appeared that ensure the implementation of completely new technological capabilities in construction, for example, nanocomposite materials based on high-resource polymer binders (RF Patent No. 2437902, priority dated 10/22/2009), which led to the creation of multifunctional composite self-sealing coatings (anti-vandal-decorative and anticorrosion-waterproofing coating EpoxyPAN), a method of regulating the rate of setting and hardening of water-cement systems (Pat ent of the Russian Federation No. 2363686, priority dated 12.24.2007), etc.

Known three-layer panel system STYRODOM (Factory "Maginot", Web: www.fabrika-magino.ru). The panel consists of two layers of concrete separated by a layer of insulation. The outer layer is decorative, the inner one is bearing. The disadvantages of these panels are its large dead weight, the presence of cold bridges (metal elements and heavy concrete with high thermal conductivity), which require additional insulation and a low level of fracture resistance at ultimate loads, typical of standard reinforced concrete structures.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a reinforced concrete panel "BMZ series 7018-M" (ODO "UNION DNEPROENERGOSTROYPROM", Web: www.zavodbmz.com.ua). A disadvantage of the known design is its high weight, low bearing capacity, high cost and complexity of transportation and also a low level of fracture resistance at ultimate loads.

The technical result when using the proposed utility model is to reduce its own weight while increasing the load-bearing capacity of the panel and increasing the ability to resist fracture at ultimate loads.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the main structural material of the panel is lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656). Depending on the required strength (Table 1), based on the specified mixture, concrete of different classes according to GOST 7473-2010 “Concrete mixtures. Technical conditions. " Nanocomposite reinforcement is used as reinforcing elements (According to RF patent No. 2405091). The outer and inner surface of the panel is coated with a nanocomposite material based on polymer binders, dispersively reinforced with modified basalt microfiber, modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of a fulleroid type of a toroidal shape.

Table 1. Characteristics of the concrete mix, depending on the composition and quality of the cement binder Structure Density, T / m ³ Compressive strength, MPa Water resistant W Thermal conductivity Frost resistance, F The work of complete destruction,% Rel. concrete B35 according to SNIP one 1,2 40 twenty 0.3 450 150 2 1.4 fifty twenty 0.4 500 200 3 1,6 70 twenty 0.6 600 300 Note: composition 1 - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656) concrete class B35 (according to GOST 7473-2010 "Concrete mixtures. Technical conditions"); composition 2 - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656) concrete class B45 (according to GOST 7473-2010 “Concrete mixes. Technical conditions”; composition 3 - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656) concrete class B50 (according to GOST 7473 -2010 "Concrete mixtures. Technical conditions") table 2 Characteristics of nanocomposite reinforcement No. Characteristics Value one Compressive strength, MPa, not less 150 3 Bending strength, GPa, not less 1.8 four Heat resistance, ° C, not less 600

A brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a lightweight supporting wall panel from the outside. The load-bearing wall panel consists of load-bearing vertical ribs - 1 (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656)) interconnected by U-shaped connections - 2 (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656)), and enclosing layer - 3 (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656)). Also depicted are the positions of sections A-A, BB, BB.

Figure 2 shows a section bB lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 1 - supporting vertical ribs (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656)); callout 2 - U-shaped connections (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656)); callout 3 - enclosing layer (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656)); callout 4 - heat-insulating plates, for example, in 2 variants, heat-insulating plates “Niaterm” manufactured according to TU 8397-018-45680943-2012, heat-insulating plates “GREEN BOARD” based on ecowool (web: http://greenboard.su/).

In figure 3. depicts a General view of a lightweight supporting wall panel from the inside. The panel design includes embedded parts made of composite materials for transportation and ease of installation. The mass of embedded parts and their location does not change the overall strength of the panel and does not create cold bridges.

Figure 4 shows a section aa lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 1 - supporting vertical ribs (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656)); callout 2 - U-shaped connections (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656)); callout 3 - enclosing layer (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2355656)); callout 4 - heat-insulating plates, for example, in 2 variants, heat-insulating plates “Niaterm” manufactured according to TU 8397-018-45680943-2012, heat-insulating plates “GREEN BOARD” based on ecowool (web: http://greenboard.su/).

Figure 5 shows a section bb of a lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 3 - enclosing layer (material - lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656)); callout 4 - heat-insulating plates, for example in 2 variants, heat-insulating plates “Nyaterm” manufactured according to TU 8397-018-45680943-2012, heat-insulating plates “GREEN BOARD” based on ecowool (web: http://greenboard.su/); callout 5 - a plaster layer that is applied to heat-insulating boards; callout 6 - a coating of a nanocomposite material based on polymer binders, dispersively reinforced with modified basalt microfiber, modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of a fulleroid type of a toroidal shape (RF Patent No. 2437902, priority dated 10.22.2009), which is applied to the outer and inner surfaces panels.

Figure 6 shows a General view of a lightweight supporting wall panel from the outside with the designation of the position of the sections G-D, D-D and node L.

Figure 7 shows a section GG of a lightweight supporting wall panel, with the designation of the positions of the nodes Zh, I, K.

On Fig shows a section DD-lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 7 - longitudinal nanocomposite reinforcement. Callout 8 - transverse nanocomposite reinforcement. As reinforcing elements, composite nanocomposite reinforcement (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091) of various diameters is used.

Figure 9 shows the node K of a lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 7 - longitudinal nanocomposite reinforcement. Callout 8 - transverse nanocomposite reinforcement. As reinforcing elements, composite nanocomposite reinforcement (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091) of various diameters is used.

Figure 10 shows the node L of a lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 7 - longitudinal nanocomposite reinforcement. Callout 8 - transverse nanocomposite reinforcement. As reinforcing elements, composite nanocomposite reinforcement (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091) of various diameters is used.

Figure 11 shows the node W of a lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 7 - longitudinal nanocomposite reinforcement. Callout 8 - transverse nanocomposite reinforcement. As reinforcing elements, composite nanocomposite reinforcement (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091) of various diameters is used.

On Fig depicts a node And a lightweight supporting wall panel. Callout 7 - longitudinal nanocomposite reinforcement. Callout 8 - transverse nanocomposite reinforcement. As reinforcing elements, composite nanocomposite reinforcement (According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091) of various diameters is used.

On Fig shows a loading diagram when calculating table 3. The symbol (x) indicates the point of application of force P = 400 kg

Table 3. Comparisons of the reinforced concrete panel “BMZ 7018-M Series” and the lightweight supporting wall panel with increased ductility in 2 strength options, having the same geometric parameters, such as height, width and cross-sectional dimensions, ultimate tensile load and strength and stiffness ( at a given load).

Panel Weight t The moment, t × m Deflection f, mm Ultimate breaking load P, t one 3.2 10.45 thirty 0.8 2 1.8 6.3 twenty 1,1 3 2.1 4,55 fifteen 1,5 Note: Panel 1 -. reinforced concrete panel "BMZ series 7018-M"; panel 2 - lightweight supporting wall panel with increased ductility from lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656) concrete class B35 (according to GOST 7473-

2010 “Concrete mixtures. Specifications "), reinforced with nanocomposite reinforcement (according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091); Panel 3 - lightweight supporting wall panel with increased ductility from lightweight structural concrete (According to RF patent No. 2355656) concrete class B50 (according to GOST 7473-2010 "Concrete mixtures. Technical conditions") reinforced with nanocomposite reinforcement (according to RF patent No. 2405091).

It is the synergy between the use of lightweight structural concrete according to the RF patent No. 2355656, nanocomposite reinforcement according to the RF patent No. 2405091 and external and internal coatings based on nanocomposite material on polymer binders, dispersively reinforced with basalt microfiber modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of the fulleroid type of the toroidal shape that ensures the achievement of the delivered toroidal shape the goal is to obtain a lightweight (Table 3) panel with a significantly increased bearing capacity (Table 3) and increased ductile ness (table 3).

Nanocomposite reinforcement according to RF patent No. 2405091, poured with lightweight structural concrete according to RF patent No. 2355656, allows to obtain a homogeneous structure in which all stresses from mechanical and thermal loads are distributed uniformly and the panel works as a unit (there are no local overvoltages associated with differences in KTR (coefficient of thermal expansion) of metal reinforcement and concrete), and the nanocomposite reinforcement made according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2405091 is filled with a concrete mixture of the same composition as the main panel. This ensures full coincidence of the KTP (coefficient of thermal expansion), and the carbon-plastic shell is made of bundles intertwined at a certain angle, which provides full compensation for all temperature changes in panel dimensions.

Thus, the lightweight supporting wall panel has an increased bearing capacity. Unlike conventional concrete panels reinforced with steel reinforcement, a panel made of light structural concrete mix reinforced with composite reinforcement has a low dead weight, which can significantly reduce the component of its own load-bearing loads, reduce the necessary section of the bearing elements, and reduce the cost of transportation of panels . A lightweight supporting wall panel with increased ductility will allow building safer buildings - in relation to seismic, terrorist danger and in relation to other man-made and natural disasters.

The inventive wall panel is made in the following way:

1. Reinforcing frames are made from nanocomposite reinforcement, embedded parts, also from composite materials;

2. Make a metal, or metal-polymer form;

3. Collect spatial reinforcing cage, install embedded parts;

4. Molding is performed: metal mold feeding, concrete mixture pouring (lightweight structural concrete according to RF patent No. 2355656 is self-compacting, which is why production is accelerated and cheapened) into metal mold.

5. Serve the mold in the camera set of strength;

6. Take out forms from the chamber;

7. Perform stripping, lapping and marking of the product.

A lightweight supporting wall panel is used in prefabricated building structures as load-bearing, heat-insulating and enclosing structures, but can also serve as elements of easily assembled ceilings and roof slabs.

Claims (1)

Lightweight load-bearing wall panel with increased ductility, consisting of load-bearing vertical ribs with embedded elements, a barrier layer, a warming layer and a plaster layer, in which load-bearing vertical ribs and a barrier layer are made of lightweight structural concrete based on Portland cement with lightweight aggregate, dispersed-reinforced basalt microfiber modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of the fulleroid type of the toroidal shape with the addition of sand, active silica fume and pozz olanic additives, in combination with large panel reinforcement made of composite nanocomposite reinforcement, in which there is an outer layer of high-modulus carbon fiber in the form of angle-braided bundles modified with multilayer carbon nanoparticles of a fulleroid type of toroidal shape, and the inner layer is made of the same lightweight structural concrete with expanding additives, the outer and inner surfaces of the panel being coated with a self-sealing nanocomposite material based on polymer binders Filled with basalt microfiber, a modified multi-layered carbon nanoparticles fulleroid type toroidal shape.

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