RU133757U1 - UNIVERSAL GRILLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The sieve of the cleaning system of the combine harvester, consisting of a rectangular frame in which transverse combs in the form of flat metal plates are mounted on the axes, characterized in that the plates have a length equal to the width of the sieve and are curved several times in width, the upper parts of the plates being made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower parts are arched with grooves evenly spaced along the length of the comb.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used in cleaning systems of combine harvesters and stationary grain cleaning machines.

A universal high-performance sieve is known ("New Technologies of the Agro-Industrial Complex, No. 8, 2012, P. 40), consisting of a rectangular frame in which transverse combs are installed on the axes, separated by longitudinal partitions. The combs are made in the form of flat metal plates, on the upper side of which there are blades in the form of a semicircle. Moreover, between the shoulder blades is a straw chopper bent down. The lower part of the comb consists of rectangular blades bent down and separated by notches. The centers of the blades of the upper and lower parts of the comb are located on the same longitudinal axis, as are the centers of the straw tooth and notch.

The disadvantage of such sieves is that the upper blades are made straight. Which does not prevent the passage between them of both large and small mechanical impurities. Also, the small length of the blades and their straight shape along the length do not allow to qualitatively blow the grains with the air flow during their passage through the blades. Due to the oscillatory movement of the sieve, part of the adjacent grain combs caught between the shoulder blades, as well as grains that fall onto the straw chopper tooth, are ejected, which leads to injury and some of the grains getting into the gathering. In addition, a single bend of the lower part of the scapula is not enough to retain large mechanical impurities having different sizes and shapes. When the sieve moves, heavier impurities pass through the lower blades or in the slot between them. The shape of the lower blades bent at an angle and the presence of slots between them contributes to the atomization of the air flow, excluding targeted blowing of grains falling between the blades.

The technical task of the utility model is to reduce the content of weed impurities of the grain heap, reduce losses and injure the grain during the separation process, and increase the cleaning performance.

The problem is solved in the sieve of the cleaning system of the combine harvester, consisting of a rectangular frame in which transverse combs are installed on the axes in the form of flat metal plates, characterized in that the plates have a length equal to the width of the sieve and are made curved several times along their width, with the upper parts the plates are made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower parts are arched with grooves evenly spaced along the length of the comb.

What is new in the sieve is that plates having a length equal to the width of the sieve are used. Moreover, the plates are bent in width in several places. The upper curved part of the plate is made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower part of the plate has an arched shape with grooves evenly spaced along the length of the comb.

The proposed design allows to reduce the content of weed impurities in the passage through the sieve of the grain heap due to the retention of large weed impurities (particles of straw, spikelets, floor) by the upper part of the plate and blowing them with a stream of pumped air passing between the plates along guides that have an arcuate shape. In addition, the curved shape of the plates contributes to the retention of grain heap particles in the space between the plates and blowing out small weed impurities due to the difference in weight with the grains. Also, such a shape of the plates allows the grains not to slip out of the space between the plates under the influence of sieve vibrations, thereby excluding the movement of grains on the surface of the sieve, with subsequent falling into the gathering, and due to the curved shape of the plate allows it to linger in the space between the plates, and then penetrate through it, thoroughly cleansed. What increases the productivity of the sieve and reduces the trauma of grains on the surface of the sieve.

Figure 1 shows the sieve of the cleaning system of a combine harvester, side view.

In Fig.2 a fragment of the sieve of the cleaning system of the combine harvester, top view.

Figure 3 is a side view of the sieve of the cleaning system of a combine harvester.

The sieve of the combine harvester cleaning system contains a rectangular frame 1, in which transverse combs 4 are mounted on the axles 2 by means of bushings 3 in the form of flat metal plates having a length equal to the width of the sieve and made curved several times across their width, and the upper parts of the plates are made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower parts are arched with grooves evenly spaced along the length of the comb (Fig. 1).

The device operates as follows.

Grain heap is fed to the surface of the sieve, consisting of a rectangular frame 1, in which transverse combs 4 are mounted on the axles 2 by means of bushings 3. Coarse impurities 5 (Fig. 3) located parallel to the combs 4, made in the form of flat metal plates having a length equal to the width of the sieve and made curved several times in their width, the upper parts of the plates made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower parts made arched with evenly spaced grooves along the comb, or under some at a right angle to them, they move along the surface of the sieve under the influence of oscillatory motion and air flow, since their penetration between the combs 4 is hindered by the upper parts of the plates in the form of triangular teeth. In the case of a vertical arrangement of large weed impurities 5, or a change in their location when passing along the surface of the sieve (Fig. 3), they abut against their ends against the wall of a curved plate or into the inside of the arcuate guide plate, which prevents their further movement between the plates, blown by the stream air that passes through the grooves of the arcuate guide plates evenly spaced along the comb to the surface of the sieve and moved along it.

Grains of agricultural crops, together with small 6 and medium 7 weed impurities, falling into the space between the combs 4, pass along curved walls. As a result, grains under the influence of gravity pass through the sieve, and medium 6 and small 7 weed impurities are blown out by a stream of injected air (Fig. 3), which passes through grooves of arcuate guide plates evenly spaced along the length of the comb, blowing the space between the comb.

Claims (1)

The sieve of the cleaning system of the combine harvester, consisting of a rectangular frame in which transverse combs in the form of flat metal plates are mounted on the axles, characterized in that the plates have a length equal to the width of the sieve and are made curved several times in width, the upper parts of the plates being made in the form of triangular teeth, and the lower parts are arched with grooves evenly spaced along the length of the comb.

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